reinとは意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From Middle English rein, reyne, borrowed from Anglo-Norman reyne, resne, from early Medieval Latin retina, ultimately from Classical Latin retineō (“hold back”), from re- + teneō (“keep, hold”). Compare modern French rêne.

Displaced native 古期英語 ġewealdleþer (字義どおりに “control leather”).

名詞

rein (複数形 reins)

1. A strap or rope attached to a bridle or bit, used to control a horse, animal or young child.
2. (figuratively) An instrument or means of curbing, restraining, or governing.
   • 1667, John Milton, “Book X”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […], OCLC 228722708; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, OCLC 230729554:

     Let their eyes rove without rein.

派生語

• free rein
• keep a tight rein on
• take the reins

動詞

rein (三人称単数 現在形 reins, 現在分詞 reining, 過去形および過去分詞形 reined)

1. (transitive) To direct or stop a horse by using reins.
   • [1611?], Homer, “(please specify |book=I to XXIV)”, in Geo[rge] Chapman, transl., The Iliads of Homer Prince of Poets. […], London: […] Nathaniell Butter, OCLC 614803194; The Iliads of Homer, Prince of Poets, […], volume (please specify the book number), new edition, London: Charles Knight and Co., […], 1843, OCLC 987451361:

     He mounts and reins his horse.

2. (transitive) To restrain; to control; to check.
   • c. 1608–1609 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Coriolanus”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act III, scene iii]:

     Being once chafed, he cannot / Be reined again to temperance.

   • 2001, Jonathan Franzen, The Corrections

     After an interval that he judged to have lasted twenty minutes, the bed began to shake with poorly reined sobs.

3. (intransitive) To obey directions given with the reins.
   • 2011, Marie Claire Peck, Rocking Horse Ranch (page 40)

     She worked each horse at a walk, trot, and then a canter. The horses reined well and executed stops quickly.

派生語

• rein in

派生語

語源 2

From Anglo-Norman reines, Middle French reins, and their source, Latin rēnēs. Doublet of ren.

名詞

rein (複数形 reins)

1. (now rare, archaic, chiefly in 複数形) A kidney.
   • 1603, Michel de Montaigne, chapter 12, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes […], book II, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], OCLC 946730821:

     a man subject to these like imaginations […] hath often the stone imaginarily, before he have it in his reines […].

   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, Lamentations 3:13:

     He hath caused the arrows of his quiver to enter into my reins.

2. The inward impulses; the affections and passions, formerly supposed to be located in the area of the kidneys.
   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, Proverbs 23:16:

     My reins rejoice, when thy lips speak right things.

   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, Revelation 2:23:

     I am he which searcheth the reins and hearts.

アナグラム

• Erin, N.Ire., Rine, in re, rine