coughとは 意味・読み方・使い方
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Wiktionary英語版での「cough」の意味 |
cough
発音
語源 1
From Middle English coughen, coghen (“to cough; to vomit”) [and other forms], from 古期英語 *cohhian (compare 古期英語 cohhetan (“to bluster; to riot; to cough (?)”)), from Proto-West Germanic *kuh- (“to cough”), ultimately of onomatopoeic origin.[1]
- Middle Dutch cuchen (“to cough”) (modern Dutch kuchen (“to cough”); German Low German kuchen (“to cough”))
- Middle High German kûchen (“to breathe (on); to exhale”), kîchen (“to breathe with difficulty”) (modern German keichen, keuchen (“to breathe with difficulty; to gasp, pant”))
- Spanish cof (“coughing sound”)
- West Frisian kiche (“to cough”), kochelje (“to cough persistently”)
動詞
cough (三人称単数 現在形 coughs, 現在分詞 coughing, 過去形および過去分詞形 coughed)
- (transitive)
- Sometimes followed by up: to force (something) out of the lungs or throat by pushing air from the lungs through the glottis (causing a short, explosive sound), and out through the mouth.
- To cause (oneself または something) to be in a certain condition in the manner described in sense 1.1.
- To express (words, etc.) in the manner described in sense 1.1.
- 1785, William Cowper, “Book IV. The Winter Evening.”, in The Task, a Poem, […], London: […] J[oseph] Johnson; […], →OCLC, pages 144–145:
- No ſtationary ſteeds / Cough their ovvn knell, vvhile heedleſs of the ſound / The ſilent circle fan themſelves, and quake.
- (figurative)
- To surrender (information); to confess.
- (originally US, slang) Chiefly followed by up: to give up or hand over (something); especially, to pay up (money).
- 1909 April, O. Henry [pseudonym; William Sydney Porter], “Whistling Dick’s Christmas Stocking”, in Roads of Destiny, Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, Page & Company, →OCLC, page 324:
- Sometimes followed by up: to force (something) out of the lungs or throat by pushing air from the lungs through the glottis (causing a short, explosive sound), and out through the mouth.
- (intransitive)
- To push air from the lungs through the glottis (causing a short, explosive sound) and out through the mouth, usually to expel something blocking or irritating the airway.
- 1835 January 23 (date written), Frederic James Post, “A Discourse Touching Rides and Riding”, in Extracts from the Diary and Other Manuscripts of the Late Frederic James Post, of Islington. […], London: […] [James Moyes] for private circulation, published 1838, →OCLC, pages 331–332:
- But often, when thy face [i.e., that of a horse] is turned from the stable, thou hast an unaccountable desire to place it in the position occupied by thy tail: thou stoppest, coughest, shyest, and erst, with swift detorsion, turnest round, then, with sidelong glance of my magic caduceus, ominously wagging between the horizon and thy ample sides, I incite thee on, but rarely does thy pace more than trot, from home.
- To make a noise like a cough.
- The engine coughed and sputtered.
- 1884 December 10, Mark Twain [pseudonym; Samuel Langhorne Clemens], chapter XIX, in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn: (Tom Sawyer’s Comrade) […], London: Chatto & Windus, […], →OCLC, pages 169–170:
- Wake up, by-and-by, and look to see what done it, and maybe see a steamboat, coughing along up stream, so far off towards the other side you couldn't tell nothing about her only whether she was stern-wheel or side-wheel; then for about an hour there wouldn't be nothing to hear nor nothing to see—just solid lonesomeness.
- (originally US, slang) To surrender information; to confess, to spill the beans.
- To push air from the lungs through the glottis (causing a short, explosive sound) and out through the mouth, usually to expel something blocking or irritating the airway.
Conjugation
infinitive | (to) cough | ||
---|---|---|---|
present tense | past tense | ||
1st-person singular | cough | coughed | |
2nd-person singular | cough, coughest† | coughed, coughedst† | |
3rd-person singular | coughs, cougheth† | coughed | |
plural | cough | ||
subjunctive | cough | coughed | |
imperative | cough | — | |
participles | coughing | coughed |
派生語
語源 2
The noun is derived from Middle English cough (“a cough; illness causing coughing”) [and other forms],[2] from coughen (verb): see etymology 1.[3]
The interjection is probably derived from the noun.
名詞
Example |
---|
A series of three coughs (noun sense 1). |
- A sudden, often involuntary expulsion of air from the lungs through the glottis (causing a short, explosive sound), and out through the mouth.
- 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter V, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC, page 26:
- One saint's day in mid-term a certain newly appointed suffragan-bishop came to the school chapel, and there preached on “The Inner Life.” He at once secured attention by his informal method, and when presently the coughing of Jarvis and another boy interrupted the sermon, he altogether captivated his audience with a remark about cough lozenges being cheap and easily procurable.
- A bout of repeated coughing (verb sense 2.1); also, a medical condition that causes one to cough.
- c. 1596–1599 (date written), William Shakespeare, The Second Part of Henrie the Fourth, […], quarto edition, London: […] V[alentine] S[immes] for Andrew Wise, and William Aspley, published 1600, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii]:
- (figurative) A noise or sound like a cough (sense 1).
下位語
- barking cough
- bitonal cough
- blood cough
- chesty cough
- chin cough
- choking cough
- churchyard cough
- congested cough
- croupy cough
- dry cough
- effective cough
- habit cough
- hacking cough
- hooping cough, whooping cough
- kennel cough
- Khumbu cough
- lingering cough
- loose cough
- miner's cough
- nasty cough
- nervous cough
- non-productive cough
- obstinate cough
- paroxysmal cough
- persistent cough
- productive cough
- retching cough
- single cough
- smoker's cough
- spasmodic cough
- spicy cough
- staccato cough
- tickling cough
- tickly cough
- tooth cough
- tracheal cough
- trouser cough
- vampire cough
- wet cough
派生語
- cough and a spit
- cough attack
- cough button
- cough candy
- cough capsule
- cough drop
- cough drug
- cough expectorant
- cough fracture
- cough impulse
- cough linctus
- cough lolly
- cough lozenge
- cough medicine
- cough mixture
- cough muscle
- cough pill
- cough preparation
- cough reflex
- cough reliever
- cough remedy
- cough suppressant
- cough sweet
- cough syncope
- cough syrup
- cough tablet
- cough tea
- cough test
- coughy
- hiccough
- soften someone's cough
間投詞
cough
参照
- ^ “cough, v.1”, in OED Online
, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, July 2023; “cough, v.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
- ^ “cough, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
- ^ Compare “cough, n.”, in OED Online
, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, July 2023; “cough, n.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
アナグラム
Weblio例文辞書での「cough」に類似した例文 |
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※この記事は「北里大学医療衛生学部 医療情報学研究室」ホームページ内の「医学用語集」(2001.06.10. 改訂)の情報を転載しております。 | |
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1implement
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2consider
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3thoroughly
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4truce
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5cause
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6consequence
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7present
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8while
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9ターチ
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10certain

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