gorgeとは

発音

The gorge (front aspect of the neck; sense 1) of a woman

A postcard of an ice gorge (sense 4) on the Mississippi River, 米国発音A^{[n 1]}

The concave moulding above this statue of Osiris in the Mortuary Temple of Hatshepsut at Deir el-Bahari, Egypt, is a gorge (sense 5) or cavetto

The entrance or opening to this bastion, a type of outwork, which is part of the remains of Fort Tanjong Katong in Singapore, is called a gorge (sense 6)

Drawings of primeval fishing gorges (sense 7), two made of stone (above) and two of bronze^{[n 2]}

Kuimen, the entrance to Qutang Gorge, the first of the Three Gorges (sense 8) on the Yangtze River in China^{[n 3]}

This pulley wheel of the Sommerbergbahn, a funicular railway in Bad Wildbad, Baden-Württemberg, Germany, has three gorges (grooves) for cables (sense 9)

• (Received 発音) IPA^(key): /ɡɔːdʒ/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /ɡɔɹd͡ʒ/
• 韻: -ɔː(ɹ)dʒ

語源 1

From Middle English gorǧe (“esophagus, gullet; throat; bird's crop; food in a hawk's crop; food または drink that has been eaten”),^[1] a borrowing from Old French gorge (“throat”) (modern French gorge (“throat; breast”)), from Vulgar Latin *gorga, *gurga,^[2] from Latin gurges (“eddy, whirlpool; gulf; sea”),^[3] possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gʷerh₃- (“to devour, swallow; to eat”). The English word is cognate with Italian gorga, gorgia (“gorge, ravine; (廃れた用法) throat”), Occitan gorga, gorja, Portuguese gorja (“gullet, throat; gorge”), Spanish gorja (“gullet, throat; gorge”).^[2]

名詞

gorge (複数形 gorges)

1. (archaic) The front aspect of the neck; the outside of the throat.
   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Qveene. […], London: Printed [by John Wolfe] for VVilliam Ponsonbie, OCLC 960102938, book I, canto I, stanza 19, page 9:

     His gall did grate for griefe and high diſdaine, / And knitting all his force got one hand free, / Wherewith he grypt her gorge with ſo great paine, / That ſoone to looſe her wicked bands did her co[n]ſtraine.

2. (archaic, literary) The inside of the throat; the esophagus, the gullet; (falconry, specifically) the crop or gizzard of a hawk.
3. Food that has been taken into the gullet or the stomach, particularly if it is regurgitated or vomited out.
   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Qveene. […], London: Printed [by John Wolfe] for VVilliam Ponsonbie, OCLC 960102938, book I, canto IV, stanza 21, page 51:

     And like a Crane his [Gluttony's] necke was long and fyne, / With which he ſwallow'd vp exceſſive feaſt, / For want whereof poore people oft did pyne, / And all the way, moſt like a brutiſh beaſt, / He ſpued vp his gorge, that all did him deteaſt.

   • c. 1599–1602, William Shakespeare, The Tragicall Historie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke: […] (Second Quarto), London: Printed by I[ames] R[oberts] for N[icholas] L[ing] […], published 1604, OCLC 760858814, [Act V, scene i]:

     Alas poore Yoricke, I knew him Horatio, a fellow of infinite ieſt, of moſt excellent fancie, hee hath bore me on his backe a thouſand times, and now how how abhorred in my imagination it is: my gorge riſes at it.

   • 1962, Madeleine L’Engle, A Wrinkle in Time, New York, N.Y.: Ariel Books, OCLC 769806129, pages 187–188; republished New York, N.Y.: Yearling Books, 1973 printing, →ISBN:

     Now her worries about Charles Wallace and her disappointment in her father’s human fallibility rose like gorge in her throat.

4. (US) A choking or filling of a channel or passage by an obstruction; the obstruction itself.

   an ice gorge in a river

5. (architecture) A concave moulding; a cavetto.

   (Can we find かつ add a quotation of Gwilt to this entry?)

6. (architecture, fortification) The entrance to an outwork, such as a bastion.
   • 1745, “Half Moon”, in An Introduction to the Art of Fortification. […], London: Printed for and sold by John Brindley, […], OCLC 723389608, column 1:

     Half Moon. An Outwork conſiſting of two Faces, which makes an Angle Salient, the Gorge whereof bends in like a Bow, or Creſcent, and were formerly us'd to cover the Point of a Baſtion, which diſtinguiſhes them from Ravelins, always plac'd before the Curtin; […]

   • 1874, D[ennis] H[art] Mahan, “Modifications Proposed in the Bastioned System”, in J. B. Wheeler, editor, An Elementary Course of Permanent Fortification, for the Use of the Cadets of the U.S. Military Academy, revised edition, New York, N.Y.: John Wiley & Son, […], OCLC 1049050331, paragraph 236, page 127:

     Ramps lead from the gorges of the bastions down to these outlets into the main ditch. […] To keep open the communication between the bastions, a gallery between their gorges is made along the curtain wall.

   • 2018 June, John R. Weaver II, “New York City”, in A Legacy in Brick and Stone: American Coastal Defense Forts of the Third System, 1816–1867, 2nd edition, McLean, Va.: Redoubt Press, McGovern Publishing, →ISBN, page 164, column 1:

     Construction on this massive fort was never completed. […] Only the foundations and a few tiers of stone were completed on the two gorge walls and the gorge bastion. At this point, a significant modification in design was made. […] In this way, the gorge of the fort was closed at minimum expense.

7. (fishing) A primitive device used instead of a hook to catch fish, consisting of an object that is easy to swallow but difficult to eject or loosen, such as a piece of bone or stone pointed at each end and attached in the middle to a line.
8. (geography) A deep, narrow passage with steep, rocky sides, particularly one with a stream running through it; a ravine.

   Synonym: canyon

   • 1956, Delano Ames, chapter 7, in Crime out of Mind, New York, N.Y.: I. Washburn, OCLC 1261361, OL 5915292W:

     Our part of the veranda did not hang over the gorge, but edged the meadow where half a dozen large and sleek horses had stopped grazing to join us.

9. (mechanical engineering) The groove of a pulley.

派生語

関連する語

• gorget
• gorgeted

語源 2

The verb is derived from Middle English gorǧen (“to eat greedily; to gorge”),^[4] a borrowing from Old French gorger, gorgier (modern French gorger (“to eat greedily; to gorge”)), from gorge (“throat”); see further at etymology 1.^[5]

The noun is derived from the verb.^[6]

動詞

gorge (三人称単数 現在形 gorges, 現在分詞 gorging, 過去形および過去分詞形 gorged)

1. (intransitive, reflexive) To stuff the gorge or gullet with food; to eat greedily and in large quantities. [+ on (object)]

   They gorged themselves on chocolate and cake.

   • 1735, “ANGLING”, in The Sportsman’s Dictionary: Or, The Country Gentleman’s Companion, in All Rural Recreations: […], volume I, London: Printed for C. Hitch, […], and C. Davis, […]; and S. Austen, […], OCLC 642366102:

     [I]f the preceding night prove dark and cloudy, the ſucceeding day, will be no good day to angle in, unleſs it be for ſmall fiſh; for at ſuch time the larger prey abroad for the leſſer; who by inſtinct knowing the danger, hide themſelves till the morning; and having faſted all night, become then very hungry while the larger having gorged themſelves, lie abſconded all the day.

2. (transitive) To swallow, especially with greediness, or in large mouthfuls or quantities.
   • 1875, “Fishing”, in Hunter’s & Trapper’s Complete Guide, a Manual of Instruction in the Art of Hunting, Trapping, and Fishing, with the Secrets of Making, Setting, and Baiting Traps, by an Old Hunter and Trapper. […], New York, N.Y.: Hurst & Co., publishers, […], OCLC 894203726, page 53:

     If you use live bait, be exceedingly careful in determining when the fish has gorged it. You should give him several minutes after he has seized it, for this purpose. On seeing the bait, a pickerel will generally run off with it, and will then stop to gorge it, but does not always do so. […] But if he has gorged the bait, he will soon start off a second time, and sometimes will stop and start off the third time. In these cases, you should never be in a hurry. when you are convinced that he has taken down the bait, draw a tight line, and strike for your fish.

3. (transitive) To fill up to the throat; to glut, to satiate.

   Synonyms: sate, stuff

   • a. 1701, John Dryden, “[Translations from Boccace.] Sigismonda and Guiscardo.”, in The Miscellaneous Works of John Dryden, […], volume III, London: Printed for J[acob] and R[ichard] Tonson, […], published 1760, OCLC 863244003, page 270:

     If in thy doting and decrepit age, / Thy ſoul, a ſtranger in thy youth to rage, / Begins in cruel deeds to take delight, / Gorge with my blood thy barb'rous appetite; […]

   • 1808, Joseph Addison, “Milton’s Style Imitated, in a Translation of a Story out of the Third Æneid”, in The Dramatick Works of Joseph Addison. With the Authour’s Poems, on Several Occasions, Boston, Mass.: Printed by Snelling and Simons, for J. W. Armstrong, […], OCLC 10360557, page 186:

     The giant, gorg'd with flesh, and wine, and blood, / Lay stretch'd at length and snoring in his den, / Belching raw gobbets from his maw, o'ercharged / With purple wine and curdled gore confus'd.

4. (transitive) To fill up (an organ, a vein, etc.); to block up or obstruct; (US, specifically) of ice: to choke or fill a channel or passage, causing an obstruction.

   Synonym: engorge

Conjugation

派生語

名詞

gorge (複数形 gorges)

1. An act of gorging.

語源 3

Clipping of gorge(ous); originally British slang.

形容詞

gorge (comparative more gorge, superlative most gorge)

1. (slang) Gorgeous.

   Oh, look at him: isn’t he gorge?

   • 2013, Brittany [Lyn] Geragotelis, chapter 1, in Life’s a Witch, New York, N.Y.: Simon & Schuster BFYR, →ISBN, page 19:

     "Um, Hadley? Don't tell me that's another new outfit. It's totally gorge!” Sofia stopped me in the middle of the hallway to admire the clothes I'd meticulously picked out that morning.

   • 2014 May 5, “Katy Perry Reveals Her Prismatic World Tour Costumes Featuring Cavalli, Valentino, & MORE!”, in PerezHilton.com‎^[1], archived from the original on 28 March 2019:

     While she's [Katy Perry's] been hard at work on her singing and choreography, designers have been hard at work coming up with the most gorge, glam, and fabulous costumes for her to wear on stage.

   • 2017 May 12, Carson Kressley, “RuPaul’s Drag Race Recap: ‘RuPaul Roast’”, in Entertainment Weekly‎^[2], archived from the original on 28 March 2019:

     Now here's a little inside scoop, I happen to adore Michelle [Visage] and she has never looked more gorge than in this episode!

Notes

参照

Further reading

• canyon on Wikipedia.
• gorge (fortification) on Wikipedia.
• gorge (disambiguation) on Wikipedia.
• gorge at OneLook Dictionary Search

アナグラム

• Grego, Rogge, grego