turfとは

意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• 韻: -ɜː(ɹ)f

名詞

turf (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 turfs または turves)

1. (uncountable) A layer of earth covered with grass; sod.
   • 1898, Winston Churchill, chapter 8, in The Celebrity:

     Miss Thorn began digging up the turf with her lofter: it was a painful moment for me. ¶ “You might at least have tried me, Mrs. Cooke,” I said.

   • 2018 May 26, Daniel Taylor, “Liverpool go through after Mohamed Salah stops Manchester City fightback”, in The Guardian (London)‎^[1]:

     It was a sixth successive defeat for Klopp in a major final and at the final whistle, with Karius burying his face into the turf, there was not exactly a stampede of team-mates wanting to console him.

2. (countable) A piece of such a layer cut from the soil. May be used as sod to make a lawn, dried for peat, stacked to form earthen structures, etc.
   • 1908, Sir William Schlich, editor, Forest Utilization (Schlich's Manual of Forestry):

     In ordinary peat-bogs, however, where turves are cut, there is always a large percentage of waste peat resulting from the digging, drying or transport of the turves, which can be utilized only by moulding it.

   • 1955, J. R. R. Tolkien, The Return of the King:

     Frodo and Sam went forward and saw that amidst the clamorous host were set three high-seats built of green turves.

3. (countable, Ireland) A sod of peat used as fuel.
4. (uncountable, slang) The territory claimed by a person, gang, etc. as their own.
5. (uncountable, with "the") A racetrack; or the sport of racing horses.

派生語

動詞

turf (三人称単数 現在形 turfs, 現在分詞 turfing, 過去形および過去分詞形 turfed)

1. To cover with turf; to create a lawn by laying turfs.
2. (Ultimate Frisbee) To throw a frisbee well short of its intended target, usually causing it to hit the ground within 10 yards of its release.
3. (business) To fire from a job or dismiss from a task.

   Eight managers were turfed after the merger of the two companies.

4. (business) To cancel a project or product.

   The company turfed the concept car because the prototype performed poorly.

5. (informal, transitive) To expel, eject, or throw out; to turf out.
   • 1968, Eric Herne, The Haunted Islands‎^[2], page 18:

     He has the mistaken idea that he is a lap dog, and loves to be nursed, especially by ladies, but eighty-five pounds on your lap is no joke, and he can never understand why he gets turfed off.

   • 1988, Simon Haw with Richard Frame, For Hearth and Home: The Story of Maritzburg College, 1863-1988‎^[3], page 166:

     At the same time as College was being unceremoniously turfed from their premises, a similar process was affecting the Estcourt School.

6. (medical slang, transitive) To transfer or attempt to transfer (a patient または case); to eschew or avoid responsibility for.
   • 1996, Jeffrey E. Nash and James M. Calonico, The Meaning of Social Interaction: An Introduction to Social Psychology‎^[4], page 139:

     "Sure thing, I buffed her, and they turfed her to urology, but she bounced back to me!" [...] They want to transfer responsibility for her to another branch of the hospital (turf her).

派生語

• turfer
• turf out

アナグラム

• ruft

語源

From Proto-Germanic *turbz.

名詞

turf f (nominative 複数形 tyrf)

1. turf

語形変化

Further reading

• turf in Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller (1898) An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary