英和和英

接尾辞

-clam

1. accusative feminine singular of -clus

発音

• IPA: /klæm/
• (æ-tensing) IPA: [kleəm]
• 韻: -æm

語源 1

From 中期英語 clam (“pincers, vice, clamp”), from 古期英語 clam (“bond, fetter, grip, grasp”), from Proto-West Germanic *klammjan (“press, squeeze together”). The sense “dollar” may allude to wampum. The sense "Scientologist" alludes to the Scientologist belief that human thetans (souls) previously inhabited clams.

名詞

clam (plural clams)

1. A bivalve mollusk of many kinds, especially those that are edible; for example soft-shell clams (Mya arenaria), hard clams (Mercenaria mercenaria), sea clams or hen clams (Spisula solidissima), and other species, possibly originally applied to clams of species Tridacna gigas, a huge East Indian bivalve.
   • 1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter III, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y.; London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:

     My hopes wa'n't disappointed. I never saw clams thicker than they was along them inshore flats. I filled my dreener in no time, and then it come to me that 'twouldn't be a bad idee to get a lot more, take 'em with me to Wellmouth, and peddle 'em out. Clams was fairly scarce over that side of the bay and ought to fetch a fair price.

   • 1970, “Cherrystones”, in Outlaw, performed by Eugene McDaniels:

     Long as I have my clams I don't give a damn about revolution / Long as I have my rice I don't have to think twice about a solution

2. (historical, in the plural) A type of strong pincers or forceps.
3. A kind of vise, usually of wood.
4. (US, slang, chiefly in the plural) A dollar.

   Those sneakers cost me fifty clams!

   • 1973, Lucas Webb, Stribling, page 188:

     The network canceled—nonco-operation their legal shysters said. Suing me, for, for ten million clams, damages to sponsors, agencies.

5. (slang, derogatory) A Scientologist.
   • 1998 February 23, jesparolini, “CO$ Celebrities: USEFUL IDIOTS”, in alt.religion.scientology‎ (Usenet):

     So the clams have John Travolta, Tom Cruise, et al in their hot li'l ol'P-R hands […]

6. (slang, vulgar) A vagina or vulva.
7. (slang) In musicians' parlance, a wrong or misplaced note.
   • 1980s, Buddy Rich, bus recording of Buddy Rich by pianist Lee Musiker‎, YouTube:

     You had too many fucking days off, and you think this is a game? You think I'm the only one that's going to work up there while you motherfuckers sit out there and clam all over this fucking joint? What do you think this is anyhow? What kind of playing do you think this is? What kind of miscues do you call this?... You afraid you won't be heard? Everybody can hear your fucking clams out there. You don't need a mic for that. You taking up too much time blowing what? Shit! You stand out here all fucking night trying to blow your brains out. When it comes time to play, what do you play? Clams?! You got nowhere to fucking go the next day. I hear one fucking clam from anybody, you've had it! One clam and this whole fucking band is through tonight. Try me!

8. (informal) One who clams up; a taciturn person, one who refuses to speak.
9. (dated, US, slang) mouth (Now found mostly in the expression shut one's clam)
   • 1900, Burt L. Standish, Frank Merriwell's Tricks: Or True Friends and False‎:

     Why, he hasn't opened his clam since that morning in your room. I expected he would hold forth on every and all occasions.

   • 2017, Benjamin Kane Ethridge, Dungeon Brain‎:

     Jason wouldn't shut his clam about the invaders.

派生語

動詞

clam (third-person singular simple present clams, present participle clamming, simple past and past participle clammed)

1. To dig for clams.

派生語

• clam up

参考

• clammy

語源 2

名詞

clam (plural clams)

1. A crash or clangor made by ringing all the bells of a chime at once.
   • 1702, Campanologia Improved:

     By the bells standing too long in leading compass, the rest are thrown and jumbled together; whereby claps and clams so unpleasing to the hearers are occasion'd.

動詞

clam (third-person singular simple present clams, present participle clamming, simple past and past participle clammed)

1. To produce, in bellringing, a clam or clangor; to cause to clang.
   • 1702, Campanologia Improved:

     When they [bells] lie fifths thus 1 5 2 6 3 7 4 8, 'tis then most pleasant and excellent music to clam them; that is, the two notes of each concord to strike together, and if they be clam'd true the eight bells will strike like four, but with far greater musick and harmony.

語源 3

From 中期英語 clammen, clemen (“to smear, bedaub”), from 古期英語 clǣman (“to smear, bedaub”). Cognate with German klamm (“clammy”). See also clammy (“damp, cold and sticky”) and clem (“to adhere, stick, plug (a hole)”).

別の表記

• clem

形容詞

clam (comparative clammer, superlative clammest)

1. (obsolete) Clammy.
   • 1808, John Jamieson, An Etymological Dictionary of the Scottish Language‎:

     Ice is said to be clam, when beginning to melt with the sun or otherwise, and not easy to be slid upon.

派生語

名詞

clam

1. clamminess; moisture
   • 1837, Thomas Carlyle, The French Revolution: A History […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: Chapman and Hall, →OCLC, (please specify the book or page number):

     The clam of death.

動詞

clam (third-person singular simple present clams, present participle clamming, simple past and past participle clammed)

1. To be moist or glutinous; to stick; to adhere.
   • 1690, [John] Dryden, Amphitryon; or, The Two Sosia’s. […], London: […] J[acob] Tonson, […]; and M. Tonson […], published 1691, →OCLC, (please specify the page):

     A chilling sweat , a damp of jealousy,
     Hangs on my brows, and clams upon my limbs

2. To clog, as with glutinous or viscous matter.
   • 1692, Roger L’Estrange, “ (please specify the fable number.) (please specify the name of the fable.)”, in Fables, of Æsop and Other Eminent Mythologists: […], London: […] R[ichard] Sare, […], →OCLC:

     A whole Swarm of Wasps got into a Hony-pot, and there they Cloy'd and Clam'd themselves till there was no getting Out again.

語源 4

名詞

clam (plural clams)

1. (rowing) Alternative form of CLAM.

語源 5

動詞

clam (third-person singular simple present clams, present participle clamming, simple past and past participle clammed)

1. Alternative form of clem (“to starve”).

参照

• “clam”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

アナグラム

• ALCM, CAML, Caml, Malc, calm

発音

• IPA: /klɑːm/

名詞

clām m

1. mud

語形変化

Strong a-stem:

派生語

派生した語

• Middle English: clam
  • English: cloam
  • Yola: claam

語源 2

別の表記

• clom

発音

• IPA: /klɑm/

名詞

clam m

1. bond, fetter, grip, grasp
   • 10th century, The Seafarer:

     þonne hē be clifum cnossað. · Calde ġeþrungen
     wǣron mīne fēt, · forste ġebunden,
     caldum clommum, · þǣr þā ċeare sēofedun.
     Hāt ymb heortan · hungor innan slāt
     merewērġes mōd. · Þæt sē mon ne wāt

     then it beats near cliffs. My feet were
     squeezed by cold, bound by frost,
     with cold fetters, when there we bemoaned
     sorrows. Hot about heart, hunger within tore
     a sea-weary mind. The man didn't know that,

語形変化

派生語

派生した語

• Middle English: clam
  • English: clam

発音

• IPA: /klaːm/

名詞

clam (plural clames)

1. (Early Middle English, hapax legomenon) plaster, poultice

派生した語

• English: cloam
• Yola: claam

参照

• “clām, n.(2)”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

語源

From Proto-Italic *klām, perhaps an adverbial accusative from Proto-Indo-European *ḱl-eh₂- (“concealment”) from *ḱel- (“to hide, conceal”). Cognate with Latin cēlō and others.

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈkɫãː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈklam]

副詞

clam (not comparable)

1. clandestinely, secretly, privately

   Antonyms: pūblicē, apertē, vulgō, prōpalam, palam

2. stealthily

派生語

• clanculō
• clanculum

関連する語

• clanculārius
• clandestīnō
• clandestīnus

前置詞

clam (+ accusative, ablative)

1. without the knowledge of; unknown to
   • 163 B.C.E. Terence, Heauton Timorumenos, Act II, Scene II:

     Neque adeō clam mē est.

     Nor indeed is it unknown to me.

参照

Further reading

• “clam”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “clam”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "clam", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “clam”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.