英和和英

語源 1

From 中期英語 sculle, scolle (also schulle, scholle), probably from a dialectal form of Old Norse skalli (“bald head, skull”), itself probably related to 古期英語 sċealu (“husk”), to Proto-Norse *ᛋᚲᚨᛚᛟ (*skalo), from Proto-Germanic *skallô; compare Finnish skallo. Compare Scots scull, Danish skal (“skull”) and skalle (“bald head, skull”), Norwegian skalle, Swedish skalle and especially dialectal Swedish skulle.

Related to Old Norse skoltr (“brow”), skolptr (“muzzle, snout”), akin to Icelandic skoltur (“jaw”), dialectal Swedish skult, skulle (“dome, crown of the head, skull”), Norwegian Nynorsk skult, skolt (“cranium, head (of a hammer); crag; hub”), Middle Dutch scolle, scholle, Middle Low German scholle, schulle (“clod, sod”), and Scots skult, skolt. Compare also Old High German sciula, skiula (“skull”). Possibly related to Latin celsus (“lofty, high, tall”), collis (“hill”).

Also related to Old Norse skǫllóttr, Icelandic sköllóttur, Old Swedish skallotter, Swedish skallig, Danish skaldet, Norwegian skallet (“bald”).

別の表記

• scull (obsolete)

発音

• enPR: skŭl, IPA: /ˈskʌl/
• Homophone: scull
• (Northern England) IPA: /skʊl/
• 韻: -ʌl

名詞

skull (plural skulls)

1. (anatomy) The main bones of the head considered as a unit; including the cranium, facial bones, and mandible.
   • 1869, Alfred Russel Wallace, The Malay Archipelago, volume I, London: Macmillan and Co., page 110:

     All the time six or eight large Chinese gongs were being beaten by the vigorous arms of as many young men, producing such a deafening discord that I was glad to escape to the round house, where I slept very comfortably with half a dozen smoke-dried human skulls suspended over my head.

   • 1922 October 26, Virginia Woolf, chapter 1, in Jacob’s Room, Richmond, London: […] Leonard & Virginia Woolf at the Hogarth Press, →OCLC; republished London: The Hogarth Press, 1960, →OCLC:

     He was about to roar when, lying among the black sticks and straw under the cliff, he saw a whole skull—perhaps a cow's skull, a skull, perhaps, with the teeth in it. Sobbing, but absent-mindedly, he ran farther and farther away until he held the skull in his arms.

2. These bones as a symbol for death; death's-head.
   • 1850, [Alfred, Lord Tennyson], “Prologue”, in In Memoriam, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC:

     Thine are these orbs of light and shade;
     ⁠Thou madest Life in man and brute;
     ⁠Thou madest Death; and lo, thy foot
     Is on the skull which thou hast made.

3. (figuratively) The mind or brain.
   • 2006, Bart Yates, The Brothers Bishop:

     My thoughts are flying around in my skull like fireflies in a jar, but all of a sudden I'm unbearably tired and can't stay awake.

4. A crust formed on the ladle, etc. by the partial cooling of molten metal.
5. The crown of the headpiece in armour.
6. (Scotland) A shallow bow-handled basket.
7. (UK, obsolete, slang) The head or master of a college.
   • 1881, The Academy, page 407:

     Graduates […] will never forget that majestic stature, that massive brow, that commanding look, as its possessor paced the ante-chapel of his college, or took his seat of presidence among the skulls of Golgotha.

同意語

• brainpan
• harnpan

上位語

• bone
• head

Meronyms

• Thesaurus:skull

等位語

• cranium

派生語

参考

• 💀

動詞

skull (third-person singular simple present skulls, present participle skulling, simple past and past participle skulled)

1. To hit in the head with a fist, a weapon, or a thrown object.
2. (transitive, golf) To strike the top of (the ball).
   • 2002, Robert C. Knox, Golf Balls Are Female, page 148:

     Monte swung so hard at the next ball that he skulled it straight right, into the pond: 8 in, 9 out.

3. To drink everything that remains in a glass by upending it.
   • 2016, Karen Nolan, The Y Necklace:

     She nearly skulled the next drink and, despite feeling a little woozy, she felt a lot better.

   • 2021, Mary Fifield, Kristin Thiel, Fire & Water:

     That was at Jessica Eyre's sixteenth, and while nothing terrible had happened (I had skulled four Lemon Ruskis and fallen asleep in the garden), it was agreed by all that I had embarrassed myself.

   • 2022, Liam McIlvanney, The Heretic, page 337:

     He lifted his pint to skull what was left, but suddenly the whole thing— the smell of smoke and spilled beer, the flat Glasgow voices, the chiming of the cash register, the clatter of glasses— was somehow too much.

   • 2022, Lena Moore ·, Coveted:

     He skulled his drink, set the glass down, then grabbed the bottle and ambled over to the other couch.

参照

語源 2

See school (“a multitude”).

名詞

skull (plural skulls)

1. Obsolete form of school (“a multitude”).
   • 1586, William Warner, Albion’s England:

     A knavish skull of boys and girls did pelt at him.

   • 1601, Philemon Holland (translator), Pliny the Elder (author), The Historie of the World. Commonly called, The Natvrall Historie of C. Plinivs Secvndvs., book IX, chapter xv: “Of the names and natures of many fishes.”:

     These fishs, togither with the old Tunies and the young, called Pelamides, enter in great flotes and skulls, into the sea Pontus, for the sweet food that they there find: and every companie of them hath their fever all leaders and captaines; and before them all, the Maquerels lead the way; which, while they be in the water, have a colour of brimstone; but without, like they be to the rest.

参照

アナグラム

• Kulls