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別の表記

• toilette (archaic, certain senses only)

語源

From Middle French toilette, diminutive of toile (“cloth”), from their use to protect clothing while shaving or arranging hair. From its use as a private room, toilet came to refer euphemistically to lavatories and then to its fixtures, beginning in the United States in the late 19th century.

発音

• IPA: /ˈtɔɪ.lət/, /ˈtɔɪ.lɪt/
• 韻: -ɔɪlɪt
• ハイフネーション: toi‧let

名詞

toilet (plural toilets)

1. (UK, India, Australia, Hong Kong) A room, enclosed area or single-purpose building containing a fixture or fixtures used for urination and defecation; a bathroom or water closet. [from 19th c.]

   Sorry, I was in the toilet.

   • 2002, Digby Tantam, Psychotherapy and Counselling in Practice: A Narrative Framework, page 122:

     He would hit her when she cried and, if this did not work, would lock her in the toilet for hours on end.

   • 2014, C.S. Walter, Abandoned Bridges, pp. 105 f.:

     He wet his thumb with saliva pressing on the tongue, ran it up and down faster over the letter 'I' of 'TOILET', the 'LADIES TOILET' was transformed into 'LADIES TO LET' in no time.

   1. (New Zealand) A small secondary lavatory having a fixture used for urination and defecation and sink but no bathtub or shower.

      Synonyms: (US) half bath, half bathroom, (UK) cloakroom

2. A fixture used for urination and defecation, particularly one with a large bowl and ring-shaped seat which uses water to flush the waste material into a septic tank or sewer system. [from 19th c.]

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:toilet

   My toilet got clogged. Now the bathroom's flooded.

3. (figuratively) A very shabby or dirty place. [from 20th c.]
   • 1982, The Mosquito Coast:

     Look around you. It's a toilet.

   • 1991, Stephen King, Needful Things:

     Mr. Gaunt was urbane and smiling again, not a hair out of place. "Do you like this little town? Do you love it? […] " / […] "I hate this fucking toilet," he said to Leland Gaunt.

4. (obsolete) A covering of linen, silk, or tapestry, spread over a dressing table in a chamber or dressing room. [17th–19th c.]
5. (obsolete) The table covered by such a cloth; a dressing table. [17th–19th c.]
   • 1714, Alexander Pope, The Rape of the Lock, Canto I, lines 121-126:

     And now, unveil’d, the toilet stands display’d, / Each silver vase in mystic order laid.

6. (now historical or archaic) Personal grooming; the process of washing, dressing and arranging the hair. [from 17th c.]
   • 1791, Elizabeth Inchbald, A Simple Story, Oxford, published 2009, page 118:

     Against that short evening her toilet was consulted the whole day […] .

   • 1876, Eliza Bisbee Duffey, Our Behaviour: A Manual of Etiquette and Dress of the Best American Society, Philadelphia:

     Beautiful eyes are the gift of Nature, and can owe little to the toilet.

   • 1913, Rabindranath Tagore, Come as you are..., Poetry Foundation, page 85:

     Come as you are, tarry not over your toilet.

   • 1931, William Faulkner, Sanctuary, Vintage, published 1993, page 111:

     Three women got down and standing on the curb they made unabashed toilets, smoothing skirts and stockings, brushing one another's back, opening parcels and donning various finery.

   • 1952, Norman Lewis, Golden Earth, Chapter 8:

     Here, at night, a lonely but brilliantly neon-illuminated figure, I performed my toilet, watched incuriously by the Burmese seated at the tables of the tea-shops below.

7. (now rare, archaic) One's style of dressing: dress, outfit. [from 18th c.]
   • 1871, George Eliot [pseudonym; Mary Ann Evans], chapter I, in Middlemarch […], volume I, Edinburgh; London: William Blackwood and Sons, →OCLC, book I, page 25:

     It is so painful in you, Celia, that you will look at human beings as if they were merely animals with a toilette, and never see the great soul in a man's face.

   • 1917, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Adventure of Wisteria Lodge:

     "It is a quarter-past two," he said. "Your telegram was dispatched about one. But no one can glance at your toilet and attire without seeing that your disturbance dates from the moment of your waking."

8. (archaic) A dressing room. [from 19th c.]
9. (obsolete) A chamber pot.

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:chamber pot

10. (incel slang, derogatory) A woman.
    • 2021, anonymous, quoted in Hugo Engholm, "The lack of looks: A study on the Incel ideology of Incelism during the 2010s–2020s and its relation to historical and contemporary ideologies particularly within far right milieus", thesis submitted to the University of Uppsala, page 72:

      “I’m not interested in toilets and I don’t think a gf [Girlfriend] is needed to live a fulfilling life.”

    • 2022, Elina Maaranen, "How incel users' communication discriminate women", thesis submitted to Karlstad University, page 24:

      A user, @blacklister, concludes that “toilets are as vacuous as their value besides pleasing men”, with a remark on how women should be handed out by the state to every man to minimise inceldom.

    • 2023, "TheShingTard", quoted in Emma Catherine Leger, "'Misogyny is self defense': A critical analysis of Incel discourse and belief on Incels.is", thesis submitted to Carleton University, page 104:

      I can’t bare listening to a toilet talk. I don’t wanna listen to toilet songs,or watch them in movies. They have nothing to offer other than sexuality

    • For more quotations using this term, see Citations:toilet.

使用する際の注意点

• In the United States and Canada, toilet refers most directly to fixtures for containing or removing human waste. As such, although toilet was originally a euphemism itself, its use to describe the place where the toilets are located (e.g., "Where is the toilet?") is now considered somewhat indiscreet; instead, it is more common to employ other euphemisms such as bathroom, restroom, or WC. Until the late 19th century, toilet referred solely to personal grooming, including bathing and hair care. This still appears in toiletries and in various set phrases, such as toilet water and toilet bag. This use is sometimes understood as a new borrowing from French, despite being the older sense of the English word. Medical jargon also includes some set phrases such as pulmonary toilet and toilet of the mouth; in both cases the word toilet means general hygiene.
• In the UK, toilet is a direct-sounding, though not vulgar, word for the fixture or the room or building containing it. Loo is a common informal word with a softer feel. Lavatory is a polite-sounding word, verging towards pedantic in ordinary everyday use. Public toilets may also be called public conveniences or WC (both usually on signs rather than in spoken language), or referred to as the gents (for men) or the ladies (for women). US euphemisms restroom and bathroom are little-used in the UK, except the latter potentially when the toilet fixture is literally in the bathroom of a house.

派生語

派生した語

• → Australian Kriol: toilet
• → Japanese: トイレット (toiretto), トイレ (toire)
• → Krio: tɔylɛt
• → Tok Pisin: toilet

動詞

toilet (third-person singular simple present toilets, present participle toileting or (rare) toiletting, simple past and past participle toileted or (rare) toiletted)

1. (dated) To dress and groom oneself.
2. To use (urinate or defecate in) a toilet.
   • 1974, Philip J. Hilts, Behavior Mod‎, Harper's Magazine Press, page 74:

     We use imitation. We take a doll, a doll that can wet, and make sure it has pants on it. We use the principle that a very effective way of learning is by teaching. Se we have him teach the doll how to toilet properly.

   • 2024 February 17 (last accessed), Jenny Morber, “Scientists turn pee into power in Uganda”, in Upworthy Science‎:

     In many developing regions, toileting at night is especially dangerous for children. Without electrical power for lighting, kids may fall into the deep pits of the latrines through broken or unsteady floorboards. Girls are sometimes assaulted by men who hide in the dark.

3. To assist another (a child, etc.) in using a toilet.

   Synonym: bathroom

参照

• James A. H. Murray et al., editors (1884–1928), “Toilet”, in A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), London: Clarendon Press, →OCLC.

Further reading

• toilet on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

アナグラム

• Eliott, Lottie, litote