英和和英

語源 1

Attested since the 1300s, as 中期英語 bom (found in John Trevisa's 1387 Translation of the 'Polychronicon' of Ranulph Higden, "his bom is oute"), of uncertain origin. Sometimes suggested to be a shortening of botme, botom, bottum (“bottom”), but this is contradicted by the fact that bottom is not attested in reference to the buttocks until the late 1700s. Suggested by some old and modern references to be onomatopoeic.

Compare also Old Irish, Scottish Gaelic bun (“base, bottom”).

The anal sex senses (noun and verb), as well as the adjective (esp. the first) sense, are expletive-avoiding (i.e. Bowdlerized) shortenings of bumfuck.

名詞

bum (plural bums)

1. (informal or childish, chiefly Commonwealth)
   1. The buttocks.

      Synonyms: see Thesaurus:buttocks

      Okay, everyone sit on your bum and try and touch your toes.

      • For quotations using this term, see Citations:bum.
   2. (specifically) The anus.

      Synonyms: see Thesaurus:anus

      • 2013, Steven L. Ablon, Daniel P. Brown, Edward J. Khantzian, Human Feelings: Explorations in Affect Development and Meaning, page 132:

        John said that when he was little he stuck his finger in his bum and tasted his poopies and it was good.

      • 2015, Jonathan Nicholas, Who'd be a copper?: Thirty years a frontline British cop:

        What could the man possibly be hiding up his bum anyway?

      • 2016, Lisa Keenan-Lindsay, Cheryl Sams, Constance L. O'Connor, Maternal Child Nursing Care in Canada, page 118:

        Do you have intercourse (i.e., Do you penetrate your partner in the vagina or anus [bum]? Or does your partner penetrate your vagina or anus [bum])?

      • 2017, Jean Renvoize, Innocence Destroyed: A Study of Child Sexual Abuse:

        […] and said Daddy had put a finger up her bum.

2. (East Midlands, slang, vulgar) An act of anal sex.

   Synonym: bumfuck

   Go for a bum

使用する際の注意点

• Bum is most common in the UK, Ireland, Australia, and New Zealand. In Canada, bum is mainly used when speaking to young children, as in Everyone please sit on your bum and we’ll read a story. In the United States, bum is not often used in this sense (though this may vary from dialect to dialect) except in conscious imitation of British English. The term butt is the most common term in North America except in professional contexts such as medical, legal, and scientific where buttocks is generally used or gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, etc. for the muscles specifically. Glutes is often used in sports medicine and bodybuilding. Ass (originally a dialectal variant of arse) is considered vulgar in North America, whereas backside, behind, bottom and rear are considered to be non-specific terms.

動詞

bum (third-person singular simple present bums, present participle bumming, simple past and past participle bummed)

1. (UK, Ireland, transitive, colloquial) To sodomize; to engage in anal sex.

   Synonym: bumfuck

   • 2016 December 3, “Soph Aspin Send”, performed by Millie B:

     Your bars are fake and my bars are real; / Is it true you got bummed on a field?

間投詞

bum

1. (UK, Ireland, childish, euphemistic) An expression of annoyance.

   Synonym: arse (more vulgar)

   • 2010, Jill Mansell, Sheer Mischief‎:

     Maxine tried hers. ‘Oh bum,’ she said crossly. ‘The sugar isn’t sugar. It’s salt.’

派生語

語源 2

1864, back-formation from bummer, from German Bummler (“loafer”), from bummeln (“to loaf”).

名詞

bum (plural bums)(colloquial)

1. (sometimes derogatory) A homeless person, usually a man.

   Synonyms: street bum, tramp, vagrant, wanderer, vagabond; see also Thesaurus:vagabond

2. (by extension, also sometimes derogatory) A lazy, incompetent, or annoying person, usually a man.

   Synonyms: loafer, bumpkin, footler; see also Thesaurus:idler

   Fred is becoming a bum—he’s not even bothering to work more than once a month.

   That mechanic’s a bum—he couldn’t fix a yo-yo.

   That guy keeps interrupting the concert. Throw the bum out!

   • 1987, “Fairytale of New York”, performed by The Pogues:

     You’re a bum / You’re a punk / You’re an old slut on junk / Lying there almost dead on a drip in that bed

   • 1988, Michael Weikath, “Keeper of the Seven Keys”, in Keeper of the Seven Keys: Part II, performed by Helloween:

     Man who do you just think you are? / A silly bum with seven stars

3. (sports) A player or racer who often performs poorly.

   Trade him to another team, he’s a bum!

   • 2001, Laura Hillenbrand, Seabiscuit: An American Legend:

     Seabiscuit, wrote another reporter, “was a hero in California and a pretty fair sort of horse in the midwest. In the east, however, he was just a ‘bumʼ”

4. A drinking spree.

   Synonyms: binge, bender

動詞

bum (third-person singular simple present bums, present participle bumming, simple past and past participle bummed)(colloquial)

1. (transitive) [with off or (nonstandard) off of] To ask someone to give one (something) for free; to beg for something.

   Synonyms: cadge (British); see also Thesaurus:scrounge

   Can I bum a cigarette off you?

2. (intransitive) To stay idle and unproductive, like a hobo or vagabond.

   Synonym: loiter

   I think I’ll just bum around downtown for a while until dinner.

3. (transitive, British slang) To wet the end of a marijuana cigarette (spliff).

派生した語

• → French: bummer
• → Norwegian Nynorsk: bomma

形容詞

bum (comparative bummer, superlative bummest)(slang)

1. Of poor quality or highly undesirable.

   Synonyms: bumfuck, lousy, subpar; see also Thesaurus:low-quality

   What kind of bum note was that??

   The defensive line made a bum rush on the quarterback.

   • 1950, Norman Lindsay, Dust or Polish?, Sydney: Angus and Robertson, page 4:

     "So I can see my finish with that firm when this bum show is over." "Well, I think you're silly, the way you go out of your way to get McIntyre's goat. You do, don't deny it."

2. Unfair.

   Synonyms: iniquitous, unsporting

   The union reps gave us a bum deal!

3. Injured and without the possibility of full repair, defective.

   Synonyms: duff (British), janky, riven; see also Thesaurus:broken, Thesaurus:out of order

   I can’t play football anymore on account of my bum knee.

4. Unpleasant or unhappy.

   Synonyms: foul, disagreeable, distasteful; see also Thesaurus:unpleasant

   He had a bum trip on that mescaline.

引用

• For quotations using this term, see Citations:bum.

派生語

• bum trip

派生語

語源 3

Back-formation from bum out.

動詞

bum (third-person singular simple present bums, present participle bumming, simple past and past participle bummed)

1. To depress; to make unhappy.

使用する際の注意点

This expression is typically found in the passive voice or with the dummy pronoun it; therefore, one might say such sentences as:

It really bums me when it rains on a weekend.

I get bummed every time my vacation ends.

But (usually) not:

Mosquitos and horseflies bum me every time I go to the lake. (Here not to be confused with to bug and synonyms.)

That song can really bum him and his brother.

参照

• Douglas Harper (2001–2026), “bum”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.

語源 4

See boom.

名詞

bum (plural bums)

1. (dated) A humming noise.

動詞

bum (third-person singular simple present bums, present participle bumming, simple past and past participle bummed)

1. (intransitive) To make a murmuring or humming sound.
   • 1722, William Hamilton, The Wallace:

     English men bum there [Stirling] as thick as bees.

派生語

語源 5

Abbreviation.

名詞

bum (plural bums)

1. (obsolete) A bumbailiff.
   • 1705, Bernard Mandeville, The Fable of the Bees:

     About her Chariot, and behind, / Were Sergeants, Bums of every kind, / Tip-staffs, and all those Officers, / That squeeze a Living out of Tears.

派生語

参照

アナグラム

• MBU, UMB, umb, umb-