plummetとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• IPA^(key): /ˈplʌm.ət/
• 韻: -ʌmɪt

名詞

plummet (複数形 plummets)

1. (archaic, nautical) A piece of lead attached to a line, used in sounding the depth of water; a plumb bob or a plumb line.
   • 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene iii], page 13, column 2:

     I'le ſeeke him deeper than ere plummet ſounded, / And with him there lye mudded.

   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Isaiah 28:17:

     Iudgement also will I lay to the line, and righteousnesse to the plummet: and the haile shall sweepe away the refuge of lyes, and the waters shall ouerflow the hiding place.

   • 1842 December – 1844 July, Charles Dickens, chapter 21, in The Life and Adventures of Martin Chuzzlewit, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published 1844, →OCLC:

     Each long black hair upon his head hung down as straight as any plummet line; […]

   • 1906 May–October, Jack London, White Fang, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., published October 1906, →OCLC:

     And love was the plummet dropped down into the deeps of him where like had never gone.

   • 1913, Edgar Rice Burroughs, The Return of Tarzan‎^[1], A. C. McClurg, →OCLC:

     He told her then of his life since he had returned to the jungle—of how he had dropped like a plummet from a civilized Parisian to a savage Waziri warrior, and from there back to the brute that he had been raised.

2. (archaic) Hence, any weight.
   • 1945, Ernie Pyle, Here Is Your War: Story of G.I. Joe, The World Publishing Company, page 93:

     His parachute was shot half away, and if he'd jumped he would have fallen like a plummet.

3. (archaic) A piece of lead formerly used by schoolchildren to rule paper for writing (that is, to mark with rules, with lines).
4. A violent or dramatic fall.
5. (figuratively) A decline; a fall; a drop.
   • 2010 December 29, Chris Whyatt, “Chelsea 1 - 0 Bolton”, in BBC‎^[2]:

     Yet another seriously under-par performance is unlikely to provide any real answers to their remarkable plummet in form - but it proves they can at least churn out a much-needed result.

動詞

plummet (三人称単数 現在形 plummets, 現在分詞 plummeting または plummetting, 過去形および過去分詞形 plummeted または plummetted)

1. (intransitive) To drop swiftly, in a direct manner; to fall quickly.

   After its ascent, the arrow plummeted to earth.

   • 2022 October 4, Kate Conger; Lauren Hirsch, “Elon Musk Suggests Buying Twitter at His Original Price”, in The New York Times‎^[3], →ISSN:

     Some speculated Twitter’s stock would plummet, while another said the company would not have to be owned by “a moron,” using an expletive to refer to Mr. Musk.

   • 2022 December 14, Christian Wolmar, “No Marston Vale line trains... and no one in charge seems to 'give a damn'”, in RAIL, number 972, page 46:

     Passenger numbers had been rising sharply. But the replacement of the services by buses, which take far longer because of the number of stations in out-of-the-way villages on the route, will ensure they plummet again.

同意語

• (to drop swiftly): dive, drop, fall

反意語

• (to drop swiftly): ascend, rise, rocket, soar, skyrocket

参考

• plumb
• plumb line

参照

• Douglas Harper (2001–2023), “plummet”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.