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主な意味 | 彼らは、あれらは、それらは、一般の人々、世人、当局者、(軍・民間の)権力者、…する人々は |
音節 | they | 発音記号・読み方 |
theyの |
theyの | レベル:1英検:3級以上の単語学校レベル:中学以上の水準TOEIC® L&Rスコア:220点以上の単語 |
「they」を含む例文一覧
該当件数 : 49773件
It seems like they have it...発音を聞く例文帳に追加
有るようで。 - Weblio Email例文集
They will play.発音を聞く例文帳に追加
彼らは遊ぶ。 - Weblio Email例文集
They are amazing.発音を聞く例文帳に追加
彼らはすごい。 - Weblio Email例文集
- 履歴機能過去に調べた
単語を確認! - 語彙力診断診断回数が
増える! - マイ単語帳便利な
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単語を理解!
Eゲイト英和辞典での「they」の意味 |
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they
彼らは[が],彼女らは[が],それらは[が];人々
代名詞
(所有格their, 目的格them, 所有代名詞theirs, 再帰代名詞themselves; 所有格・目的格の用法についてはそれぞれtheir, themを参照)
1彼らは[が],彼女らは[が],それらは[が]
2(一般に)人々,世間の人;(ある地域・場所の)人々(訳さなくていい場合も多い)
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3当局,関係者
語法 ①前に出た複数名詞を受けるか, その場の状況で何をさしているかがわかる人・物・事を示す ②主格補語にもなる/It's they who bullied her, not me.彼女をいじめたのは彼らです, 私ではありません ③口語では単数扱いの不定代名詞anybody, everybody, nobodyなどを受けて用いることがある |
Wiktionary英語版での「they」の意味 |
they
語源 1
From Middle English thei, borrowed in the 1200s from Old Norse þeir,[1] plural of the demonstrative sá which acted as a plural pronoun. Displaced native 古期英語 hī, hīe (“they”) — which vowel changes had left indistinct from he (“he”) — by the 1400s,[1][2][3] being readily incorporated alongside native words beginning with the same sound (the, that, this). Used as a singular pronoun since 1300,[1] e.g. in the 1325 Cursor Mundi.
The Norse term (whence also Icelandic þeir (“they”), Faroese teir (“they”), Swedish de (“they”), Norwegian Nynorsk dei (“they”)) is from Proto-Germanic *þai (“those”) (from Proto-Indo-European *to- (“that”)), whence also 古期英語 þā (“those”) (whence obsolete English tho), Scots thae, thai, thay (“they; those”).
The origin of the determiner they (“the, those”) is unclear. The OED, English Dialect Dictionary and Middle English Dictionary[4] define it and its Middle English predecessor thei as a demonstrative determiner or adjective meaning "those" or "the". This could be a continuation of the use of the English pronoun they's Old Norse etymon þeir as a demonstrative meaning "those", but the OED and EDD say it is limited to southern, especially southwestern, England, specifically outside the region of Norse contact.
代名詞
they (三人称, nominative case, usually 複数形, sometimes 単数形, objective case them, possessive their, possessive noun theirs, 再帰的用法 themselves, または, 単数形, themself)
- (the 三人称 複数形) A group of people, animals, plants, or objects previously mentioned. [since the 1200s]
- 1620, Giovanni Bocaccio, John Florio, transl., The Decameron, Containing an Hundred Pleaſant Nouels: Wittily Diſcourſed, Betweene Seuen Honourable Ladies, and Three Noble Gentlemen[1], Isaac Iaggard, Nouell 8, The Eighth Day:
- […] purſued his vnneighbourly purpoſe in ſuch ſort: that hee being the ſtronger perſwader, and ſhe (belike) too credulous in beleeuing or elſe ouer-feeble in reſiſting, from priuate imparlance, they fell to action; and continued their cloſe fight a long while together, vnſeene and vvithout ſuſpition, no doubt to their equall ioy and contentment.
- 2010, Iguana Invasion!: Exotic Pets Gone Wild in Florida →ISBN, page 9:
- There is no reason to be scared of iguanas. They do not attack humans.
- (the 三人称単数, sometimes proscribed) A single person, previously mentioned, especially if of unknown or non-binary gender, but not if previously named and identified as male or female. [since the 1300s]
- 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, Deuteronomy 17:5:
- 2008, Michelle Obama, quoted in Lisa Rogak, Michelle Obama in Her Own Words, New York, NY: PublicAffairs, 2009. →ISBN, page 18:
- 2014, Ivan E. Coyote, Rae Spoon, Gender Failure →ISBN
- 2015 April, Stephanie Rawlings-Blake (mayor of Baltimore), commenting on the death of Freddie Gray:
- For more quotations using this term, see Citations:they.
- (indefinite pronoun, vague meaning) People; some people; people in general; someone, excluding the speaker.
- They should do something about this.
- They have a lot of snow in winter.
使用する際の注意点
- (単数形 pronoun): Usage of they as a singular pronoun began in the 1300s and has been common ever since, despite attempts by some grammarians, beginning in 1795,[5] to condemn it as a violation of traditional (Latinate) agreement rules. Some other grammarians have countered that criticism since at least 1896.[6] Fowler's Modern English Usage (third edition) notes that it "is being left unaltered by copy editors" and is "not widely felt to lie in a prohibited zone." Some authors compare use of singular they to widespread use of singular you instead of thou.[7][8] See Wikipedia's article on singular they for more; see also the usage notes about themself. (Compare he.)
- (単数形 pronoun): Even when used as a singular pronoun, verb conjugations for singular they are the same as for plural they.
- (単数形 pronoun): Infrequently, they is used of an individual person of known, binary gender. See citations.
- (単数形 pronoun): Infrequently, they is used of an individual animal which would more commonly be referred to as it. See citations.
- (indefinite pronoun): One is also an indefinite pronoun, but the two words do not mean the same thing and are rarely interchangeable. "They" refers to people in general, whereas "one" refers to one person (often such that what is true for that person is true for everyone). "You" may also be used to refer to people in general.
別の表記
- (まれに, dialect or eye 方言:) dey (th-stopping dialects), thay, theye (古風な用法), thaay (Gloucestershire, Berkshire, possibly 古風な用法)
派生した語
参考
限定詞
they
- (now Southern England dialect or nonstandard) The, those. [from 14th c.]
- (US dialects, including African-American Vernacular) Their. [from 19th c.]
別の表記
代名詞
they
- (US dialectal) There (especially as an expletive subject of be). [from 19th c.]
- 1889, James Whitcomb Riley, Pipes o' Pan:
- 2000, Janice Giles, Hill Man, page 58:
- They ain’t nothin’ wrong with that.
- 2008, Christian Carvajal, Lightfall, page 82:
- 2010, Alessandro Portelli, They Say in Harlan County: An Oral History, page 207:
参照
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 “they” in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 5th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2016, →ISBN.
- ^ “they” in Douglas Harper, Online Etymology Dictionary, 2001–2021.
- ^ Otto Jespersen, Growth and Structure of the English Language
- ^ “thei, pron.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
- ^ Anne Bodine, Androcentrism in Prescriptive Grammar: Singular `they', Sex-indefinite `he', and `he or she', in Language in Society, v. 4 (1975), pages 129-146
- ^ William Malone Baskervill and James Witt Sewell's An English Grammar (1896) says singular they is "frequently found when the antecedent includes or implies both genders. The masculine does not really represent a feminine antecedent"; it furthermore recommends changing it to he or she "unless both genders are implied". (Italics in original.)
- ^ Michael Reed, Tech Book 1 →ISBN, Note about pronoun usage, page 9: "Singular they can introduce some ambiguity because the antecedent of the pronoun “they” could theoretically be a male or female [... but] English has survived the loss of pronouns such as thou (単数形 you) despite the consequent potential for ambiguity."
- ^ John McWhorter, Word on the Street: Debunking the Myth of a Pure Standard (2009, →ISBN: "In this light, our modern grammarians' discomfort with singular they is nothing but this comical intermediate stage in an inevitable change, as misguided and futile as the old grumbles about singular you."
「they」を含む例文一覧
該当件数 : 49773件
They are strong.発音を聞く例文帳に追加
彼らは強い。 - Weblio Email例文集
They are sharp.例文帳に追加
彼らはずるい。 - Weblio Email例文集
They number three thousand.発音を聞く例文帳に追加
その数 3 千. - 研究社 新和英中辞典
They are artists.発音を聞く例文帳に追加
彼らは、画家だ。 - Tanaka Corpus
They are melons.発音を聞く例文帳に追加
メロンです。 - Tanaka Corpus
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