degree.とは意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• enPR: dĭgrē', IPA^(key): /dɪˈɡɹiː/
• 韻: -iː

名詞

degree (複数形 degrees)

1. A stage of proficiency or qualification in a course of study, now especially an award bestowed by a university or, in some countries, a college, as a certification of academic achievement. (In the United States, can include secondary schools.) [from 14th c.]

   She has two bachelor's degrees and is studying towards a master's degree.

2. (geometry) A unit of measurement of angle equal to ¹⁄₃₆₀ of a circle's circumference. [from 14th c.]

   A right angle is a ninety-degree angle.

   Most humans have a field of vision of almost 180 degrees.

3. (physics) A unit of measurement of temperature on any of several scales, such as Celsius or Fahrenheit. [from 18th c.]

   180 degrees Fahrenheit is equivalent to 100 degrees Celsius.

   Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.

4. (algebra) The sum of the exponents of a term; the order of a polynomial. [from 18th c.]

   A quadratic polynomial is a polynomial of degree 2.

5. (algebra, field theory) The dimensionality of a field extension.

   The set of complex numbers constitutes a field extension of degree 2 over the real numbers.

   The Galois field ${\displaystyle \operatorname {GF} (125)=\operatorname {GF} (5^{3})}$ has degree 3 over its subfield ${\displaystyle \operatorname {GF} (5).}$

6. (graph theory) The number of edges that a vertex takes part in; a valency.
7. (logic) The number of logical connectives in a formula.
8. (surveying) The curvature of a circular arc, expressed as the angle subtended by a fixed length of arc or chord.
9. (geography) A unit of measurement of latitude and longitude which together identify a location on the Earth's surface.
10. (grammar) Any of the three stages (positive, 比較級, superlative) in the comparison of an adjective or an adverb.
11. (obsolete outside heraldry) A step on a set of stairs; the rung of a ladder. [from 13th c.]
12. An individual step, or stage, in any process or scale of values. [from 13th c.]
13. A stage of rank or privilege; social standing. [from 13th c.]
    • 1526, [William Tyndale, transl.], The Newe Testamẽt […] (Tyndale Bible), [Worms, Germany: Peter Schöffer], OCLC 762018299, The Gospell off S. Luke xx:[21], folio cx, recto:

      And they axed hym ſayinge: Maſter / we knowe that thou ſayest / and teacheſt ryght / nether conſidereſt thou eny mãnes degre / but teacheſt the waye of god truely.

    • 1593, anonymous, The Life and Death of Iacke Straw […], Act I:

      But when Adam delued, and Eue ſpan,
      VVho was then a Gentleman.
      Brethren, brethren, it were better to haue this communitie,
      Then to haue this difference in degrees:
      The landlord his rent, the lawyer his fees.
      So quickly the poore mans ſubſtance is ſpent […]

14. (genealogy) A ‘step’ in genealogical descent. [from 14th c.]
    • 2002, Colin Jones, The Great Nation, Penguin 2003, page 140:

      Louis created the École militaire in Paris in 1751, in which 500 scholarships were designated for noblemen able to prove four degrees of noble status.

15. (now rare) One's relative state or experience; way, manner. [from 14th c.]
    • 1851, Herman Melville, Moby-Dick:

      If they but knew it, almost all men in their degree, some time or other, cherish very nearly the same feelings towards the ocean with me.

16. The amount that an entity possesses a certain property; relative intensity, extent. [from 14th c.]
    • 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter I, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., OCLC 222716698:

      In the old days, to my commonplace and unobserving mind, he gave no evidences of genius whatsoever. He never read me any of his manuscripts, […], and therefore my lack of detection of his promise may in some degree be pardoned.

    To what degree do the two accounts of the accident concur?

    • March 11 2022, David Hytner, “Chelsea are in crisis but there is no will to leave club on their knees”, in The Guardian‎^[1]:

      Then there are the sums that Abramovich would be permitted to invest within the parameters of the profit and sustainability rules – £105m over a rolling three-year period. That, plainly, has stopped and so, to repeat, it is imperative that the transfer of ownership happens with a degree of speed.

使用する際の注意点

• A person who is engaged in a course of study leading to the earning of a degree can be described (in the present progressive tense) as "doing a degree" in British English, and as "getting a degree" in American English. For example, in American English, "She is currently getting her master's degree at State University." In British English, "I am still confused about when to use 'an' instead of 'a'. Is it an hour or a hour, and if someone is doing a master's degree in arts, is it an MA or a MA?" (Ask Oxford.Com - Ask the Experts - Frequently Asked Questions (Grammar)).

同意語

• (unit of angle): °, arcdegree
• (unit of temperature): °
• (unit of latitude): °
• (unit of longitude): °

等位語

• scale

派生語

参考

Other terms used in arithmetic operations: