lesenとは 意味・読み方・使い方

別の表記

• leese, lese, leys
• leosien (Early Middle English); lesse, leze, lyse (late); lesyn (Promptorium Parvulorum)
• leis (Early Scots); lesin (East Saxon); liese, lyese (Kent);
• leose, leosen, leuse, loese, luese, luse (Southern, West Midland)

発音

• IPA: /ˈleːzən/
• IPA: /ˈløːzən/ (Southern, West Midland)

動詞

lesen (third-person singular simple present leseth, present participle lesynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative les, past participle loren)

1. (transitive) To lose; to stop having or owning:
   1. To misplace or mislay; to lose track of.
   2. To forfeit; to be deprived of or have confiscated.
   3. To lose an individual (especially through death)
   4. To lose a (usually positive) attribute, condition or quality.
   5. (rare) To forget about.
2. (transitive) To fail or be unsuccessful at:
   1. To lose out on; to fail to acquire.
   2. To lose a battle or competition.
   3. (rare) To neglect to attend (Mass)
3. (transitive) To damage or ruin:

   Synonyms: destroyen, merren, stroyen

   1. To destroy or devastate; to cause the destruction of:
   2. To kill or murder; to end the life of.
   3. To doom; to consign to eternal damnation.
      • c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.)‎, published c. 1410, Matheu 10:28, folio 4, verso; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:

        and nyle ȝe dꝛede hem þat moun ſle þe bodi .· foꝛ þei moun not ſle þe ſoule / but raþere dꝛede ȝe hym þat mai leeſe boþe bodi and ſoule in to helle

        But don't fear those who can kill the body, because they can't kill the soul. Instead, fear the one who can destroy both the body and soul in Hell.

   4. To waste or squander (effort)
4. (transitive) To abandon or desert someone.

Conjugation

派生した語

• English: leese, lese (obsolete)
• Middle Scots: leis

参照

• “lẹ̄sen, v.(4).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

語源 2

Inherited from Anglian 古期英語 lēsan (West Saxon 古期英語 līesan), from Proto-West Germanic *lausijan, from Proto-Germanic *lausijaną.

別の表記

• leese, lese, leson, lesse
• lesenn (Ormulum)

発音

• IPA: /ˈleːzən/

動詞

lesen (third-person singular simple present leseth, present participle lesende, lesynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle lesed)

1. (transitive) To loosen; to make loose:
   1. To unfasten or open; to loosen an opening.
   2. To relax or release (of the body)
2. (transitive) To free or save:
   1. To spare from punishment or hardship.
   2. To liberate from captivity or subjugation.
   3. (Christianity) To redeem; to rescue from Hell.

      Synonym: redemen

   4. (Christianity, rare) To exempt from (the consequences of) sin.
3. (transitive) To alleviate distress, hunger, or pain.

Conjugation

派生した語

• English: leese, lease (dialectal)
• >? Middle Scots: lese (or a back-formation from relese)
  • Scots: lease, leese

参照

• “lēsen, v.(5).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
• “leese, v.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.

語源 3

Inherited from 古期英語 lesan, from Proto-West Germanic *lesan, from Proto-Germanic *lesaną.

別の表記

• leese, lese

発音

• IPA: /ˈlɛ̞ːzən/

動詞

lesen (third-person singular simple present leseth, present participle lesende, lesynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle lesed)

1. (transitive) To gather (crops or fruit)
2. (transitive) To cull or select worthless material (from fruit or rice)
3. (transitive, rare) To embrace or hug.

Conjugation

派生した語

• English: lease (dialectal)

参照

• “lēsen, v.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

語源 4

Inherited from 古期英語 lēasian, from Proto-West Germanic *lausēn; by surface analysis, les (“falsehood”) +‎ -en (infinitival suffix).

発音

• IPA: /ˈlɛ̝ːzən/

動詞

lesen (third-person singular simple present leseth, present participle lesende, lesynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle lesed)

1. (intransitive, hapax legomenon) To lie; to tell falsehoods about.

Conjugation

派生した語

• English: lease (dialectal)

参照

• “lēsen, v.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

語源 5

Inherited from 古期英語 lǣsian, variant of lǣswian; by surface analysis, lese (“pasture”) +‎ -en (infinitival suffix).

別の表記

• lese

発音

• IPA: /ˈlɛ̝ːzən/

動詞

lesen (third-person singular simple present leseth, present participle lesende, lesynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle lesed)

1. (transitive, hapax legomenon) To herd livestock on a pasture; to pasture

Conjugation

参照

• “lēswen, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

語源 6

名詞

lesen

1. (West Midland) plural of lese