memorialとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Late Latin memoriale, neuter of memorialis. By surface analysis, memory +‎ -ial.

発音

• IPA: /məˈmɔːɹi.əl/
• (without the horse–hoarse merger) IPA: /məˈmoʊɹi.əl/
• 韻: -ɔːɹiəl

名詞

memorial (plural memorials)

1. (obsolete) Memory; recollection. [14th–18th c.]
2. Something, such as a monument, by which someone or something is remembered. [from 14th c.]
   • 1870, Walter Arthur Copinger, “Copyright in Sculpture and Busts”, in The Law of Copyright, in Works of Literature and Art: Including that of the Drama, Music, Engraving, Sculpture, Painting, Photography and Ornamental and Useful Designs; together with International and Foreign Copyright, with the Statutes Relating thereto, and References to the English and American Decisions, London: Stevens and Haynes, →OCLC, page 181:

     These mementoes or memorials [sculptural national monuments], though in the present age the unphilosophical and sciolistic spirit of some have led them to regard with contempt this method of honouring the illustrious great, excite a laudable admiration for the service or benefit to which they testify, and are living realities to perpetuate at once the respect entertained by the nation, both for the individual himself and the performance that has entitled him to their gratitude.

   • 1953 November, H. M. Madgwick, “A Last Journey on the Chichester-Midhurst Line”, in Railway Magazine, page 775:

     Although the country branch lines may pass, they leave with those who have known them so well an ineffaceable memory[,] and for those who will follow after[,] a memorial in the form of embankment, cutting and tunnel with here and there a station building or railway cottage that time does not destroy.

3. A chronicle or memoir. [from 14th c.]
4. (now rare) A note or memorandum. [from 14th c.]
5. (chiefly Christianity) A service of remembrance or commemoration. [from 15th c.]
6. (law) A statement of facts set out in the form of a petition to a person in authority, a court or tribunal, a government, etc. [from 17th c.]
   • 1808–10, William Hickey, Memoirs of a Georgian Rake, Folio Society 1995, page 178:

     Captain Surman […] immediately addressed a memorial to the governor, stating that an act of Providence had sent him into port for the preservation of the lives of those on board; he therefore trusted he should be allowed to refit and depart.

派生語

形容詞

memorial (comparative more memorial, superlative most memorial)

1. Serving as a remembrance of someone or something; commemorative.

   a memorial building

   • 1725, Homer, “Book XI”, in [Alexander Pope], transl., The Odyssey of Homer. […], volume III, London: […] Bernard Lintot, →OCLC:

     There high in air, memorial of my name, / Fix the smooth oar, and bid me live to fame.

2. Contained in the memory.

   a memorial possession

3. (now rare) Mnemonic; assisting the memory.
   • 1887, Walter William Skeat, Principles of English Etymology:

     This succession of Aspirate, Soft, and Hard, may be expressed by the memorial word ASH.