stapleとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From Middle English staple, from Anglo-Norman estaple, Old French estaple (“market, (trading) post”), from Late Latin stapula, from Frankish *stapul, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *stapulaz (“post”), from Proto-Indo-European *stebʰ- (“post, stem”). Compare staff.

名詞

staple (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 staples)

1. (now historical) A town containing merchants who have exclusive right, under royal authority, to purchase or produce certain goods for export; also, the body of such merchants seen as a group.
   • 1727, John Arbuthnot, Tables of Ancient Coins, Weights and Measures. Explain'd and exemplify'd in several dissertations:

     The customs of Alexandria were very great, it having been the staple of the Indian trade.

   • 1821 January 8, [Walter Scott], Kenilworth; a Romance. […], volume (please specify |volume=I, II, または III), Edinburgh: […] Archibald Constable and Co.; and John Ballantyne, […]; London: Hurst, Robinson, and Co., OCLC 277979407:

     For the increase of trade and the encouragement of the worthy burgesses of Woodstock, her majesty was minded to erect the town into a staple for wool.

   • 2011, Thomas Penn, Winter King, Penguin 2012, p. 73:

     Calais was one of the ‘principal treasures’ of the crown, of both strategic and economic importance. It was home to the staple, the crown-controlled marketplace for England's lucrative textile trade, whose substantial customs and tax revenues flooded into Henry's coffers.

2. (by extension) Place of supply; source.
   • 1849–1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, chapter 3, in The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, volume (please specify |volume=I to V), London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, OCLC 1069526323:

     Whitehall naturally became the chief staple of news. Whenever there was a rumour that anything important had happened or was about to happen, people hastened thither to obtain intelligence from the fountain head.

3. The principal commodity produced in a town or region.
   • 1961 October, “Editorial: The importance of the "Roadrailer"”, in Trains Illustrated, page 577:

     The old staple of coal is a declining traffic; and what remains tends to be hauled a shorter distance, as new power stations are sited closer to coalfields.

4. A basic or essential supply.

   Rice is a staple in the diet of many cultures.

5. A recurring topic or character.
   • 2010, The Economist, Jul-Aug 2010, p. 27:

     In most countries, rubbish makes headlines only when it is not collected, and stinking sacks lie heaped on the streets. In Britain bins are a front-page staple.

6. Short fiber, as of cotton, sheep’s wool, or the like, which can be spun into yarn or thread.

   Tow is flax with short staple.

7. Unmanufactured material; raw material.

動詞

staple (三人称単数 現在形 staples, 現在分詞 stapling, 過去形および過去分詞形 stapled)

1. (transitive) To sort according to its staple.

   to staple cotton

形容詞

staple (not comparable)

1. Relating to, or being market of staple for, commodities.

   a staple town

2. Established in commerce; occupying the markets; settled.

   a staple trade

   • 1668, John Dryden, Annus Mirabilis: The Year of Wonders, M. DC. LXVI. […], London: […] Henry Herringman, […], OCLC 1064438096, (please specify the stanza number):

     To ruin with worse ware our staple trade

3. Fit to be sold; marketable.
   • 1714 February, [Jonathan Swift], The Publick Spirit of the Whigs: Set forth in Their Generous Encouragement of the Author of the Crisis: […], 3rd edition, London: […] [John Barber] for John Morphew, […], published 1714, OCLC 1015508897:

     What needy writer would not solicit to work under such masters, who will pay us beforehand, take off as much of our ware as we please, at our own rates, and trouble not themselves to examine, either before or after they have bought it, whether it be staple, or not.

4. Regularly produced or manufactured in large quantities; belonging to wholesale traffic; principal; chief.
   • 1818, Henry Hallam, View of the state of Europe during the Middle ages

     wool, the great staple commodity of England

   • 1929, M. Barnard Eldershaw, A House Is Built, Chapter VIII, Section ii:

     The pastoral industry, which had weathered the severe depression of the early forties by recourse to boiling down the sheep for their tallow, and was now firmly re-established as the staple industry of the colony, was threatened once more with eclipse.

語源 2

A box of staples

From Middle English stapel (“staple, pillar, post”), from 古期英語 stapol (“post, pillar”), from Proto-West Germanic *stapul, from Proto-Germanic *stapulaz, from Proto-Indo-European *stebʰ- (“post, stem”).

See also 古期英語 steppan (“to step”) and Old French estaple (“post”). Consider also stapes (“stirrup”), from Latin. Doublet of staple (etymology 1).

名詞

staple (複数形 staples)

1. A wire fastener used to secure stacks of paper by penetrating all the sheets and curling around.
2. A wire fastener used to secure something else by penetrating and curling.

   Can you believe they use staples to hold cars together these days?

3. A U-shaped metal fastener, used to attach fence wire or other material to posts or structures.

   The rancher used staples to attach the barbed wire to the fence-posts.

   • 1855, Frederick Douglass, chapter 3, in My Bondage and My Freedom, New York: Miller, Orton and Mulligan:

     Esther's wrists were firmly tied, and the twisted rope was fastened to a strong staple in a heavy wooden joist above, near the fire-place. Here she stood, on a bench, her arms tightly drawn over her breast. Her back and shoulders were bare to the waist.

4. One of a set of U-shaped metal rods hammered into a structure, such as a piling or wharf, which serve as a ladder.

   Fortunately, there were staples in the quay wall, and she was able to climb out of the water.

5. (mining) A shaft, smaller and shorter than the principal one, joining different levels.
6. A small pit.
7. A district granted to an abbey.
   • 1605, William Camden, “Money”, in Remaines Concerning Britain‎^[1]:

     [Henry II] also granted liberty of coyning to certain Cities and Abbies, allowing them one staple and two puncheons at a rate, with certain restrictions.

8. (obsolete) A post; prop; support

動詞

staple (三人称単数 現在形 staples, 現在分詞 stapling, 過去形および過去分詞形 stapled)

1. (transitive) To secure with a staple.

派生語

• stapler