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語源 1

From Middle English rousen, from Anglo-Norman reuser, ruser, originally used in English of hawks shaking the feathers of the body, from Latin recusare, by loss of the medial 'c.' Doublet of recuse.

Figurative meaning "to stir up, provoke to activity" is from 1580s; that of "awaken" is first recorded 1590s.

別の表記

• rouze (廃れた用法)

名詞

rouse (複数形 rouses)

1. An arousal.
2. (military, Britain and Canada) The sounding of a bugle in the morning after reveille, to signal that soldiers are to rise from bed, often the rouse.

動詞

rouse (三人称単数 現在形 rouses, 現在分詞 rousing, 過去形および過去分詞形 roused)

1. To wake (someone) or be awoken from sleep, or from apathy.
   • c. 1606 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Macbeth”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act III, scene ii]:

     Good things of day begin to droop and drowse;
     Night’s black agents to their preys do rouse.

   • 1687, Francis Atterbury, An Answer to Some Considerations on the Spirit of Martin Luther, Oxford, pp. 41-42,^[1]

     As for the heat, with which he treated his other adversaries, ’twas sometimes strain’d a little too far, but in the general was extremely well fitted by the Providence of God to rowse up a people, the most phlegmatic of any in Christendome.

   • 1713, Alexander Pope, Ode for Musick, London: Bernard Lintott, stanza 2, p. 3,^[2]

     At Musick, Melancholy lifts her Head;

     Dull Morpheus rowzes from his Bed;

   • 1979, Bernard Malamud, Dubin’s Lives, New York: Farrar Straus Giroux, Chapter Eight, p. 284,^[3]

     Dubin slept through the ringing alarm, aware of Kitty trying to rouse him and then letting him sleep.

2. To cause, stir up, excite (a feeling, thought, etc.).

   to rouse the faculties, passions, or emotions

   • 1719, [Daniel Defoe], The Farther Adventures of Robinson Crusoe; […], London: […] W[illiam] Taylor […], OCLC 613471018, page 127:

     […] their first Step in Dangers, after the common Efforts are over, was always to despair, lie down under it, and die, without rousing their Thoughts up to proper Remedies for Escape.

   • 1848, Anne Brontë, The Tenant of Wildfell Hall, London: John Murray, 1900, Chapter 27,^[4]

     ‘You may think it all very fine, Mr. Huntingdon, to amuse yourself with rousing my jealousy; but take care you don’t rouse my hate instead. And when you have once extinguished my love, you will find it no easy matter to kindle it again.’

   • 1961, V. S. Naipaul, A House for Mr Biswas, Penguin, 1992, Part Two, Chapter 5, p. 494,^[5]

     […] he had grown to look upon houses as things that concerned other people, like churches, butchers’ stalls, cricket matches and football matches. They had ceased to rouse ambition or misery. He had lost the vision of the house.

4. To provoke (someone) to action or anger.
   • 1667, John Milton, “Book II”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […], OCLC 228722708; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, OCLC 230729554, line 284-287:

     He scarce had finisht, when such murmur filld
     Th’ Assembly, as when hollow Rocks retain
     The sound of blustring winds, which all night long
     Had rous’d the Sea […]

   • 1817 December​, [Jane Austen], Persuasion; published in Northanger Abbey: And Persuasion. […], volume (please specify |volume=III または IV), London: John Murray, […], 1818, OCLC 318384910:

     “A surgeon!” said Anne.
     He caught the word; it seemed to rouse him at once, and saying only—“True, true, a surgeon this instant,” was darting away, when Anne eagerly suggested—
     “Captain Benwick, would not it be better for Captain Benwick? […] ”

   • 1932, William Faulkner, chapter 12, in Light in August, [New York, N.Y.]: Harrison Smith & Robert Haas, OCLC 644581344; republished London: Chatto & Windus, 1933, OCLC 154633965, page 254:

     He tried to argue with her. But it was like trying to argue with a tree: she did not even rouse herself to deny, she just listened quietly and then talked again in that level, cold tone as if he had never spoken.

   • 1980, J. M. Coetzee, Waiting for the Barbarians, Penguin, 1982, p. 108,^[6]

     The words they stopped me from uttering may have been very paltry indeed, hardly words to rouse the rabble.

5. To cause to start from a covert or lurking place.

   to rouse a deer or other animal of the chase

   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Qveene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for VVilliam Ponsonbie, OCLC 960102938, book 2, canto 11, page 350:

     Deformed creatures, in straunge difference,
     Some hauing heads like Harts, some like to Snakes,
     Some like wilde Bores late rouzd out of the brakes,

   • 1611 April (first recorded performance), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Cymbeline”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act III, scene iii]:

     Hark, the game is roused!

   • 1713, Alexander Pope, “Windsor-Forest. […]”, in The Works of Mr. Alexander Pope, volume I, London: […] W[illiam] Bowyer, for Bernard Lintot, […], published 1717, OCLC 43265629, page 7:

     The Youth rush eager to the Sylvan War;
     Swarm o’er the Lawns, the Forest Walks surround,
     Rowze the fleet Hart, and chear the opening Hound.

6. (nautical) To pull by main strength; to haul.
   • 1832, [Frederick Marryat], chapter 5, in Newton Forster; or, The Merchant Service. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: James Cochrane and Co., […], OCLC 3696068, page 71:

     Tom, you and the boy rouse the cable up—get about ten fathoms on deck, and bend it.

7. (obsolete) To raise; to make erect.
   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Qveene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for VVilliam Ponsonbie, OCLC 960102938, book 1, canto 11, page 157:

     And ouer, all with brasen scales was armd,
     Like plated cote of steele, so couched neare,
     That nought mote perce, ne might his corse bee harmd
     With dint of swerd, nor push of pointed speare,
     Which as an Eagle, seeing pray appeare,
     His aery plumes doth rouze, full rudely dight,
     So shaked he, that horror was to heare,
     For as the clashing of an Armor bright,
     Such noyse his rouzed scales did send vnto the knight.

   • 1599, William Shakespeare, “The Life of Henry the Fift”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act IV, scene iii]:

     He that outlives this day, and comes safe home,
     Will stand a tip-toe when the day is named,
     And rouse him at the name of Crispian.

8. (slang, when followed by "on") To tell off; to criticise.

   He roused on her for being late yet again.

同意語

• (to wake someone from sleep): bring round, roust, wake up; see also Thesaurus:awaken
• (to be awoken from sleep): arise, get up, wake up; see also Thesaurus:wake

派生語

• arouse
• rousing
• rousingly
• roust
• uprouse

語源 2

First attested in the late 16th Century. From carouse, from rebracketing of the phrase “drink carouse” as “drink a rouse”.

名詞

rouse (複数形 rouses)

1. An official ceremony over drinks.
   • c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act I, scene ii]:

     No jocund health that Denmark drinks to-day
     But the great cannon to the clouds shall tell,
     And the King’s rouse the heaven shall bruit again,
     Respeaking earthly thunder.

2. A carousal; a festival; a drinking frolic.
   • 1842, Alfred, Lord Tennyson, “The Vision of Sin” in Poems, London: Edward Moxon, Volume 2, p. 219,^[7]

     Fill the cup, and fill the can:

     Have a rouse before the morn:

     Every minute dies a man,

     Every minute one is born.

3. Wine or other liquor considered an inducement to mirth or drunkenness; a full glass; a bumper.

参照

• 1868, A. Brachet, An etymological dictionary of the French language

アナグラム

• Euros, Suero, euros, roués, suero