gooseとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From 中期英語 goos, gos, from 古期英語 gōs, from Proto-West Germanic *gans, from Proto-Germanic *gans, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰh₂éns.

• The tailor's iron is so called from the likeness of the handle to the neck of a goose.

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) enPR: gōōs, IPA: /ɡuːs/
• (General American) IPA: /ɡus/
• (Northern Ireland, Scotland) IPA: /ɡʉs/
• (Standard Southern British) IPA: /ɡʉ͡ws/
• 韻: -uːs

名詞

goose (countable and uncountable, plural geese)

1. Any of various grazing waterfowl of the family Anatidae, which have feathers and webbed feet and are capable of flying, swimming, and walking on land, and which are generally bigger than ducks.
   • 1961, Harry E. Wedeck, Dictionary of Aphrodisiacs, New York: The Citadel Press, page 198:

     The goose, reputed to possess high generative power, was sacred to Priapus.

   There is a flock of geese on the pond.

2. (strictly) A female goose.
   • 1902, Lewis Wright, “Geese and Swans”, in The New Book of Poultry […], London; […]: Cassell and Company, Limited, page 560, column 1:

     Ganders and geese are at their best for stock from two to ten years old. They live to a great age—it is stated to thirty or more years—but after ten years they cannot be reckoned upon as reliable assets on a farm. Two years old is the best age to mate them, making up pens of a gander and two or three geese at the New Year. It is difficult sometimes to distinguish ganders from geese. A practical man is, however, rarely mistaken.

3. The flesh of the goose used as food.
   • 1843, Charles Dickens, “Stave 3: The Second of the Three Spirits”, in A Christmas Carol:

     Mrs. Cratchit made the gravy (ready beforehand in a little saucepan) hissing hot; Master Peter mashed the potatoes with incredible vigour; Miss Belinda sweetened up the apple-sauce; Martha dusted the hot plates; Bob took Tiny Tim beside him in a tiny corner at the table; the two young Cratchits set chairs for everybody, not forgetting themselves, and mounting guard upon their posts, crammed spoons into their mouths, lest they should shriek for goose before their turn came to be helped.

4. (slang, plural geese or gooses) A silly person.
   • 1906, Langdon Mitchell, “The New York Idea”, in John Gassner, editor, Best Plays of the Early American Theatre, 1787-1911‎, published 2000, →ISBN, page 430:

     I'm sorry for you, but you're such a goose.

   • 1994, Barbara Benedict, Love and Honor, New York, N.Y.: Jove Books, →ISBN, page 65:

     Have you stopped to think, you gooses, that Andy might not wish you to give it away?

   • 2014, Julie Berry, The Scandalous Sisterhood of Prickwillow Place, New York, N.Y.: Roaring Brook Press, Holtzbrinck Publishing Holdings Limited Partnership, →ISBN:

     You gooses. I didn’t accept his proposal. Mrs Plackett did. She did because she would. Don’t you see?

   • 2019, Julia London, The Princess Plan, HQN Books, →ISBN:

     Surely I needn’t explain to you gooses that none of you, not even you, Caro, have the sort of dowry or connections or the appeal that such a match would require.

5. (archaic) A tailor's iron, heated in live coals or embers, used to press fabrics.

   Synonym: goose iron

   • c. 1606 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Macbeth”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene iii]:

     Come in, tailor. Here you may roast your goose.

6. (South Africa, slang, dated) A young woman or girlfriend.
7. (uncountable, historical) An old English board game in which players moved counters along a board, earning a double move when they reached the picture of a goose.

上位語

• (waterfowl): waterfowl

下位語

• (waterfowl): gander, gosling
• (waterfowl): brant

Holonyms

• (waterfowl): flock, skein, gaggle, wedge, V

派生語

参考

• dove or pigeon, squab
• duck, duckling
• eider
• swan, swanling
• anserine

動詞

goose (third-person singular simple present gooses, present participle goosing, simple past and past participle goosed)

1. (transitive, slang) To sharply poke or pinch the buttocks, or prod between the buttocks, of (a person).
   • 1933, Nathanael West, Miss Lonelyhearts:

     She greeted Miss Lonelyhearts, then took hold of her husband and shook the breath out of him. When he was quiet, she dragged him into their apartment. Miss Lonelyhearts followed and as he passed her in the dark foyer, she goosed him and laughed.

   • 1963, J P Donleavy, A Singular Man, published 1963 (USA), page 36:

     The witness stand. Goldminers giving evidence, sure he's violent didn't I see him with my own peepers chasing those poor kids up on the roof and he goosed my wife last Christmas. Violently. Just a forceful nudge of the knee.

   • 1991 August 24, Artemis OakGrove, “I Deserve A Medal”, in Gay Community News, volume 19, number 6, page 5:

     Here are the three strange men have exposed themselves to me, the two obscene phone callers, the time I was goosed by an employer.

2. (transitive, slang) To stimulate; to spur.
   • 2021 December 7, Jesse Hassenger, “Leonardo DiCaprio and Jennifer Lawrence cope with disaster in the despairing satire Don’t Look Up”, in AV Club‎:

     Almost everyone in McKay’s impossibly starry cast feels like they’re jumping into the SNL host role, game for some light comedic lifting while waiting for the pros to show up and goose the laughs.

   • 2023 July 10, James Poniewozik, “The Twitter Watch Party Is Over”, in The New York Times‎:

     The ensuing snarknado also seemed to goose the TV ratings. Hundreds of thousands of viewers switched on the movie after it began, suggesting that they’d gotten wind through Twitter of the bananas spectacle that was unfolding.

3. (transitive, slang) To gently accelerate (an automobile or machine), or give repeated small taps on the accelerator.
4. (slang, UK) Of private-hire taxi drivers, to pick up a passenger who has not booked a cab, in violation of UK licensing conditions.
5. (transitive, slang) To hiss (a performer) off the stage.