英和和英

語源

From 中期英語 plege, from Anglo-Norman plege, from Old French plege (Modern French pleige) from Medieval Latin plevium, plebium, from plebiō (“to pledge”), from Frankish *plehan (“to pledge; to support; to guarantee”). Akin to Old High German pflegan (“to take care of, be accustomed to”), Old Saxon plegan (“to vouch for”), 古期英語 plēon (“to risk, endanger”). More at plight.

発音

• IPA: /plɛd͡ʒ/
• 韻: -ɛdʒ

動詞

pledge (third-person singular simple present pledges, present participle pledging, simple past and past participle pledged)

1. To make a solemn promise (to do something).

   Synonym: undertake

   pledge allegiance to the flag

2. To deposit something as a security; to pawn.
3. (transitive) To give assurance of friendship by the act of drinking; to drink to one's health.
   • 1773, Oliver Goldsmith, She Stoops to Conquer:

     HARDCASTLE [Taking the cup.] I hope you'll find it to your mind. I have prepared it with my own hands, and I believe you'll own the ingredients are tolerable. Will you be so good as to pledge me, sir? Here, Mr. Marlow, here is to our better acquaintance. [Drinks.]

   • 1852, Matthew Arnold, Tristram and Iseult:

     Reach me my golden cup that stands by thee,
     And pledge me in it first for courtesy.

派生語

名詞

pledge (plural pledges)

1. A solemn promise to do something.

   Synonyms: commitment, undertaking

   • 2021 April 22, Brad Plumer, Nadja Popovich, “The U.S. Has a New Climate Goal. How Does It Stack Up Globally?”, in The New York Times‎, →ISSN:

     Mr. Biden unveiled the pledge at a White House climate summit for world leaders, declaring that the United States is ready to reclaim a leadership role on climate change.

   1. (with the) A promise to abstain from drinking alcohol.
2. An asset or person temporarily handed over to guarantee the fulfilment of something promised, under threat of permanent loss of the thing handed over; surety, security, hostage.
   • 1593, anonymous author, The Life and Death of Iacke Straw […], →OCLC, Act I:

     Iacke Straw. […] I haue his wife and children pledges, for his ſpeedie returne from the King, to whom he is gone with our meſſage.
     Tom Miller. Let him take heede hee bring a wiſe anſwere to our worships, or els his pledges goes to the pot.

3. (law) A bailment of personal property to secure payment of a debt without transfer of title.
   1. The personal property so pledged, to be kept until the debt is paid.

      Synonym: collateral

4. (university slang) A person who has taken a pledge of allegiance to a college fraternity, but is not yet formally approved.
5. A drinking toast.

派生語

参考

• oath
• vow