be deとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (英国発音) IPA: /biːd/
• 韻: -iːd

語源 1

From 中期英語 bēde (“prayer, request, supplication, order, command, rosary, bead”), from 古期英語 ġebed (“prayer, petition, supplication, religious service, an ordinance”), from Proto-West Germanic *bed, from Proto-Germanic *bedą (“prayer, entreaty”). Cognate with Dutch gebed and bede, German Gebet.

名詞

bede (plural bedes)

1. Prayer, request, supplication
   • 1875 March, Lippincott's Magazine of Popular Literature and Science, volume 15, number 87:

     Thus originated the alms-(or bede-) houses so frequently met with in the retired villages of England.

   • 1885–1888, Richard F[rancis] Burton, transl. and editor, A Plain and Literal Translation of the Arabian Nights’ Entertainments, now Entituled The Book of the Thousand Nights and a Night […], Shammar edition, volume (please specify the volume), [London]: […] Burton Club […], →OCLC:

     By Allah thy bede is good indeed and right is thy rede!

   • 2008, Time to Ditch St. George:

     […] because miracles had frequently been done at his burial-place, even at the bede-house where he was buried.

   • 2011, Where Did Beaded Flowers Come From?:

     Because of the length of the original rosary, it became customary to pay someone, usually a resident of an almshouse, to recite the prayers. These people were referred to as bede women or men, and it was they who made the first bead flowers.

2. Rosary.
   • 1566, Sir David Lindsay, A Dialogue betweene Experience and a Courtier:

     In Pilgrimage from towne to towne: With offring and with Drilon: To them they bable on their bedes: That they may helpe them in their nedes.

   • 1642, William Prynne, A Pleasant Purge, for a Roman Catholike, to Evacuate His Evill Humours, page 20:

     Or doe they use their Bedes alone to finde That tale of Paters which they seldome minde?

   • 1870, William Morris, The Earthly Paradise:

     Towards a rude hermitage he made To fetch the priest unto his need, To bury her and say her bede

   • 1910, Hilaire Belloc, “The Little Serving Maid”, in Verses, page 39:

     Then the Little Serving Maid She went and laid her down, With her cross and her bede, In her new courting gown.

語源 2

From 中期英語 bēden (“to offer”), from 古期英語 bēodan, from Proto-West Germanic *beudan, from Proto-Germanic *beudaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewdʰ-.

Germanic cognates include Old Frisian biada, Old Saxon biodan (Low German bieden, beden), Dutch bieden, Old High German biotan (German bieten), Old Norse bjóða (Swedish bjuda (“command, show”)), Gothic 𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌱𐌹𐌿𐌳𐌰𐌽 (anabiudan). The Indo-European root is also the source of Ancient Greek πεύθομαι (peúthomai, “ask for”), Sanskrit बोधयति (bodhayati, “wake”), Old Church Slavonic бъдѣти (bŭděti) (Russian будить (buditʹ, “wake”)), Lithuanian budeti (“awake”). See also bid.

動詞

bede (third-person singular simple present bedes, present participle beding, simple past bade, past participle bode or boden) (Can we verify this sense?)

1. pray, offer, proffer
   • 15th c., “Conspiracio [The Conspiracy]”, in Wakefield Mystery Plays; Re-edited in George England, Alfred W. Pollard, editors, The Towneley Plays (Early English Text Society Extra Series; LXXI), London: […] Oxford University Press, 1897, →OCLC, page 210, lines 208–209:

     Sir, a bargan bede I you, / by it if ye will

     Sir, I offer you a bargain. Buy it if you like.

2. request, demand, order, command, forbid
3. proclaim, declare
   • 1470–1485 (date produced), Thomas Malory, “(please specify the chapter)”, in [Le Morte Darthur], (please specify the book number), [London: […] by William Caxton], published 31 July 1485, →OCLC; republished as H[einrich] Oskar Sommer, editor, Le Morte Darthur […], London: David Nutt, […], 1889, →OCLC:

     A turnement were best to bede.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

4. present, counsel, advise, rede, exhort
   • 1450, Merlin:

     They of londone […] boden hem to ben lyht of herte.

参照

• “bede”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
• “bede”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia, 1911
• Middle English Dictionary

アナグラム

• Beed, Deeb, beed

名詞

bede

1. inflection of bedu:
   1. accusative/genitive/dative singular
   2. nominative/accusative plural

語源 1

From 古期英語 ġebedu, plural of ġebed (“prayer”), from Proto-West Germanic *gabed; reinforced by 古期英語 bedu (“request”).

別の表記

• bed, beed, beode, bode, boede
• ȝebed, ibæd, ibed (Early Middle English)

名詞

bede (plural bedes or beden)

1. prayer (the act of supplication)
2. prayer (a supplication)
3. A command or order.
4. A bead from a rosary.
5. (by extension) Any bead.

関連する語

• bedeman

派生した語

• English: bead (bede)
• Scots: bead, bede, beid

参照

• “bēd(e, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
• “ibēd(e, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

語源 2

名詞

bede

1. (Late Middle English) alternative form of bed