「絶縁劣化」に関連した英語例文の一覧と使い方(19ページ目) - Weblio英語例文検索

ロードオン中における大型モータのモータ巻線温度の上昇を抑制できることはもちろん、ヒートサイクルによる絶縁劣化を抑制するとともに、電力消費量をも抑制することができる大型モータに付設された冷却ファンの運転方法を提供する。例文帳に追加

To provide a method of operating a cooling fan annexed to a large motor, which can suppress the deterioration of insulation due to heat cycle and also can suppress power consumption, to say nothing of being able to suppress a rise in the temperature of a motor coil of a large motor during load-on. - 特許庁

低粗度でありながら絶縁性樹脂基材と強固な引きはがし強さが得られ、吸湿処理後、活性処理液浸漬後に引きはがし強さの劣化率が小さく、活性処理液浸漬後にしみ込み量が少なく、エッチング性に優れた処理銅箔を提供すること。例文帳に追加

To provide a treated copper foil which provides high peeling strength with an insulating resin substrate although it has a low roughness, and after moisture absorption treatment, has the small deterioration rate of the peeling strength after immersion in an activation processing liquid and the small penetration amount after immersion in the activation processing liquid, and which is excellent in etching property. - 特許庁

太陽電池モジュールの発電効率を高め、かつ、意匠性に優れた、水蒸気遮断性、電気絶縁性、機械的強度、接着性等の長期的な性能劣化を最小限に抑えた、着色された太陽電池用バックシートおよびそれを用いた太陽電池モジュールを提供する。例文帳に追加

To provide a colored solar cell back sheet which is improved in the power generation efficiency of a solar cell module, excellent in design performance, and minimally suppressed in the deterioration of the long-term performance of water-vapor shielding performance, electric insulating performance, mechanical strength, adhesive properties, etc., and also the solar cell module using the back sheet. - 特許庁

長尺ケーブルを介してジェットファンを駆動した場合に起こり得るインバータのスイッチングサージによる電動機の絶縁劣化、高周波数帯のＥＭＩ問題、長尺ケーブルの浮遊容量と対地の間に流れる同相電流による漏電ブレーカー誤動作を解消する。例文帳に追加

To eliminate the deterioration of the insulation of a motor due to the switching surge of an inverter, the problem of the EMI (Electromagnetic Interference) of high-frequency band, and the erroneous operation of a leakage breaker due to the stray capacitance of a long cable and a same phase current flowing between the leakage breaker and a ground which may occur when a jet fan is driven through the long cable. - 特許庁

機械的強度、耐候性、耐熱性、防湿性などの特性に優れ、特に、高温高湿条件下での電気絶縁性能劣化を抑え、耐久性に富み、太陽電池素子の保護に有用で、かつ、より低コストな太陽電池モジュール用裏面保護シ−トを提供する。例文帳に追加

To provide a rear surface protective sheet for solar cell modules which is excellent in characteristics such as mechanical strength, weather resistance, heat resistance, and damp resistance, which controls the deterioration of electric insulating property under high temperature and high humidity condition, in particular, which is rich in durability, which is useful for the protection of a solar cell element, and the cost of which is lowered. - 特許庁

導体回路のファインピッチ化によって起こるマイグレーションによる絶縁劣化寿命低下の要因とされる導体回路間の金属残渣を、金属種を選ばずしかも低コストで確実に除去し得る、ＩＣパッケージ用回路基板の製造方法を提供する。例文帳に追加

To provide a method for manufacturing a circuit substrate for an IC package in which a metal residue between conductor circuits for causing the decrease of an insulation deterioration lifetime due to migration occurring by the fine-pitching of the conductor circuits without selecting a metal seed, and which can surely remove the metal residue inexpensively. - 特許庁

この構成により、銅部材１０と給湯水の電気化学的な腐食反応を抑制することができるので、銅部材１０の穴あきが原因で起こる加熱装置５の絶縁劣化が無くなり、長期間使用しても加熱装置５としての機能を維持することができる。例文帳に追加

Since, with the above construction, electrochemical corrosion reaction between the copper member 10 and the supplied hot water is suppressed, insulation deterioration of the heating apparatus 5 caused by any hole in the copper member 10 is eliminated and hence a function as the heating apparatus 5 can be kept unchanged even with use thereof over a long period of time. - 特許庁

硬化物の可撓性や半田耐熱性、耐熱劣化性、無電解金メッキ耐性に優れ、難燃性であり、有機溶剤又はアルカリ溶液で現像ができ、ソルダーレジスト用及び層間絶縁層用に適する樹脂組成物を提供する。例文帳に追加

To obtain a resin composition which, in the form of a cured product, is excellent in flexibility, soldering-heat resistance, thermal deterioration resistance electroless gold plating resistance, and flame-retardancy and is capable of being developed in an organic solvent or an alkali solution, and is suited for solder resists and interlayer insulation layers. - 特許庁

複雑な製造工程の追加を回避し、製造作業や製造費用の増大を抑止しつつ導体セグメントのコイルエンド用先端部の捻りによる絶縁皮膜の劣化を防止可能な回転電機の巻線製造方法を提供すること。例文帳に追加

To provide a method of manufacturing a coil of a rotary electric machine that can prevent deterioration of insulating film due to the twisting of tip for coil end of a conductor segment by avoiding addition of complicated manufacturing process and controlling increase of manufacturing work and cost. - 特許庁

感光性に優れ、硬化物の可撓性や半田耐熱性、耐熱劣化性、無電解金メッキ耐性に優れ、有機溶剤又は希アルカリ溶液で現像ができ、ソルダーレジスト用及び層間絶縁層用に適する樹脂組成物を提供する。例文帳に追加

To obtain a resin composition which excels in photosensitivity, excels in the flexibility and soldering heat resistance, resistance to heat deterioration, and electroless gold plating resistance of cured products, can be developed with an organic solvent or a dilute alkali solution, and is suited in use for solider resists and interlaminar insulating layers. - 特許庁

ＢａＴｉＯ_3を主成分とし、中性または還元性雰囲気中の大量焼成において、絶縁抵抗の劣化が少なく、誘電率が高く、静電容量の温度変化率が小さい信頼性の高い誘電体磁器組成を提供することを目的とする。例文帳に追加

To obtain a dielectric ceramic compsn. based on BaTiO3, less liable to deteriorate the insulation resistance in mass firing in a neutral or reducing atmosphere and having a high dielectric constant, a low temp. variation of the capacitance and high reliability. - 特許庁

従って、Ｇｅの存在によりＰＭＯＳトランジスタのゲート電極に注入されたＰ型不純物の活性化率が改善されるのみならず、ゲート絶縁膜の界面での空乏層が抑制され、ＰＭＯＳトランジスタの特性劣化が防止される。例文帳に追加

Therefore, the deterioration of the characteristics of the PMOS transistor is prevented, because not only the activating rate of the p-type impurity injected into the gate electrode 7P of the PMOS transistor is improved by the Ge, but also the formation of a depletion layer in the interface of a gate insulating film is suppressed. - 特許庁

これにより、上記絶縁層３内の水トリー劣化部に印加される直流電圧の見掛けの大きさを増大させ、この水トリー内に蓄積される電荷の量を、単に上記直流電圧のみを印加した場合に比べて多くする。例文帳に追加

Hereby, the apparent magnitude of the DC voltage applied to a water tree deterioration part in the insulating layer 3 is increased, and the amount of electric charge accumulated in the water tree is increased in comparison with a case when only the DC voltage is applied. - 特許庁

ＳＯＩ構造を備えた半導体基板および半導体装置において、寄生ＭＯＳの発生や、ゲート絶縁膜の信頼性劣化を少なくすることのできる半導体基板の製造方法、半導体装置の製造方法、および半導体装置を提供すること。例文帳に追加

To provide a method of manufacturing a semiconductor substrate, with which the occurrence of a parasitic MOS or the degradation of reliability of a gate insulating film can be suppressed in a semiconductor substrate and a semiconductor device having an SOI structure, and to provide a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, and the semiconductor device. - 特許庁

絶縁支持基板に配置されたホール素子とプラスチック樹脂を密着させず、空隙を介してプラスチック樹脂でモールドしてパッケージを形成し、プラスチック樹脂からホール素子へと働く応力を低減させホール素子の性能劣化を防止できるようにした。例文帳に追加

Without closely attaching a hall element arranged on an insulating supporting substrate to a plastic resin, a package is formed by molding the plastic resin through an air gap so that applied force from the plastic resin to the hall element is decreased to prevent performance deterioration of the hall element. - 特許庁

また、電極ペースト２２には金属レジネートが添加されているため、電極ペースト２２に絶縁性のＢａＴｉＯ_３粉末を添加した場合における内部電極層１４の機能劣化が有意に抑制されており、またその焼結開始温度はグリーンシート２０の焼結開始温度に近づく。例文帳に追加

Further, a metal resinate is added to the electrode paste 22, so that the deterioration of the function of the internal electrode layer 14 when the insulating BaTiO_3 powder is added to the electrode paste 22, is significantly suppressed, and the temperature of starting the sintering of the internal electrode layer approaches that of the green sheet 20. - 特許庁

層間絶縁膜やエッジカバーの内部に含まれている水分が経時に伴ってしみ出し、有機ＥＬ層や電極に劣化を与え、有機ＥＬ発光特性が低下することを抑制可能な有機ＥＬ表示装置を提供することである。例文帳に追加

To provide an organic EL display device capable of suppressing degradation of organic EL luminous characteristics caused by deterioration of an organic EL layer or an electrode due to oozing-out with aging of water contained inside an interlayer insulating film or an edge cover. - 特許庁

本発明は、透明絶縁基板上に薄膜トランジスタを形成した後の組立工程において紫外線を使用しても、この紫外線の照射に起因する薄膜トランジスタの特性劣化を回避することが可能な液晶表示装置の製造方法を提供することを目的とする。例文帳に追加

To provide a method for the production of a liquid crystal display device by which even when UV rays are used in the assembling process after thin film transistors are formed on a transparent insulating substrate, deterioration in the characteristics of the thin film transistors due to the irradiation of UV rays can be avoided. - 特許庁

ＢａＴｉＯ_3を主成分とし、中性または還元性雰囲気中の大量焼成において、絶縁抵抗の劣化が少なく、誘電率が高く、誘電率の温度変化率が小さい信頼性の高い誘電体磁器組成を提供することを目的とする。例文帳に追加

To obtain a dielectric ceramic composition comprising BaTiO3 as a main component, having only slight deterioration of insulation resistance, a high dielectric constant, a small rate of change of dielectric constant with temperature and high reliability in a large amount of baking in a neutral or reducing atmosphere. - 特許庁

ポリエチレン−２，６−ナフタレンジカルボキシレートの優れた耐熱劣化性を維持しつつ、フィルム加工時における層間剥離によるデラミネーション問題を解消した、電気絶縁用フィルムとして有用な二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムを提供する。例文帳に追加

To provide a biaxially oriented polyester film useful for an electric insulation film in which a delamination problem due to interlaminar peeling in fabrication of film is solved while keeping excellent heat deterioration resistance of polyethylene-2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylate. - 特許庁

酸化膜或いは絶縁膜が部分的に薄くなることによる耐圧の劣化や、その厚さが過剰になることによる直流利得gmの低下を防ぐことができる高性能な窒化物化合物半導体素子およびその製造方法を提供する。例文帳に追加

To provide a highly efficient nitride compound semiconductor element and its manufacturing method, which prevents impairment of breakdown voltage caused by thinning of oxide film or insulating film, and a deterioration of DC gain gm caused by excess of thickness. - 特許庁

比誘電率が高く、還元性雰囲気中での焼成が可能であるとともに、ＥＩＡ規格のＸ８Ｒ特性（−５５〜１５０℃、ΔＣ／Ｃ＝±１５％以内）以上のさらなる高温についてまで容量温度特性が平坦化され、しかも絶縁抵抗の劣化が抑制された誘電体磁器組成物の提供。例文帳に追加

To provide a dielectric ceramic composition which has a high specific dielectric constant, can be fired in a reducing atmosphere, and has flattened capacity-temperature characteristic even at high temperatures equal to or higher than X8R characteristic (ΔC/C is within ±15%, at -55 to 150°C) of EIA standard, and which has insulative resistance prevented from deteriorating. - 特許庁

高圧機器に停電を取ることなく設置が可能であり、接地線と検出装置を直接結線せずに保安上安全であり、直流成分を検出して外来高周波ノイズの影響が小さい高圧機器活線下絶縁劣化診断装置を提供する。例文帳に追加

To provide an insulation deterioration diagnostic device of high-voltage equipment under a hot line mountable on the high-voltage equipment without requiring service interruption, safe from the viewpoint of security because of no direct connection between an earthing wire and a detection device, detecting a direct-current component, and influenced little by external high-frequency noise. - 特許庁

電気絶縁性と可撓性と優れた耐熱性を有し平坦化され高温に曝されても変質、劣化、変形することのないシリカ系ガラス薄層付き無機質基板、その製造方法、そのためのコーテイング剤および半導体装置を提供する。例文帳に追加

To provide an inorganic substrate with a silica based thin layer which has electric insulating property, flexibility and excellent heat resistance, is flattened and is free from alternation, deterioration or deformation even when exposed at a high temperature, a method of manufacturing the same, a coating agent for the same and a semiconductor device. - 特許庁

メモリセルのメモリキャパシタの工程劣化を防止すべくダミーキャパシタを設けるも、高集積化を何等妨げることなく、しかも平滑キャパシタの経時絶縁破壊を可及的に防止する、信頼性の高い半導体装置及びその製造方法を提供する。例文帳に追加

To provide a highly reliable semiconductor device and its manufacturing method hardly obstructing high integration even if a dummy capacitor is provided in order to prevent a process of a memory capacitor of a memory cell from being deteriorated, and preventing a smoothing capacitor from undergoing temporal dielectric breakdown of a smoothing capacitor as much as possible. - 特許庁

電子回路を利用した調理器の操作部において、操作回路基板と操作パネルとの狭い空間にゴキブリが侵入、棲息し、そのゴキブリの糞あるいは分泌物によって電子回路部の電気的絶縁性能が劣化し調理器の誤動作を発生させることを防止する。例文帳に追加

To prevent troubles from occurring where in an operating section of a cooker utilizing an electronic circuit a cockroach infiltrates and lives in a narrow space between an operation circuit board and an operation panel, and electric insulation performance of the electronic circuit is deteriorated due to the excrements and secretions of the cockroach to cause misoperation of the cooker. - 特許庁

それにより、延長させた第１、第２凸部１０ａ、２０ａ間に導電性異物の付着に対する両電極１０、２０間の絶縁抵抗の低下を抑制させ、オイル検出装置１を小型化できるとともに劣化センサとしてのセンサ出力を安定させて検出精度を向上させる。例文帳に追加

Consequently, a drop in an insulation resistance across both electrodes 10, 20 to which a conductive foreign substance adheres is suppressed between the extended heights 10a, 20a, the oil detector 1 can be miniaturized, the output of a sensor as a deterioration sensor is stabilized, and the detection accuracy of the oil detector 1 is enhanced. - 特許庁

歪み層／歪み印加結晶層構造において、歪み印加結晶層構造より発生する結晶欠陥による歪み層の結晶性劣化を低減し、かつ絶縁層上に歪み層／歪み印加結晶層構造を薄膜で形成した基板とその形成方法とを提供する。例文帳に追加

To provide a substrate and its forming method wherein, in a strain layer/stain-applied crystal layer structure, the crystallinity deterioration of the strain layer due to crystal defects caused in the starin-applied crystal layer structure is reduced and the strain layer/strain-applied crystal layer structure is formed with a thin film on an insulation layer. - 特許庁

ＰＮ接合部ＰＮＪＣに当たるメサ溝内壁１１の第２の絶縁膜１０の厚みが薄くなり耐圧の劣化やリーク電流が発生するという問題を解決し高耐圧、高信頼性のメサ型半導体装置及びその製造方法の確立を図る。例文帳に追加

To provide a mesa type semiconductor device of high withstand voltage and high reliability by solving problems with a mesa type semiconductor device, which are deterioration in a withstand voltage and occurrence of a leakage current caused by reduced thickness of a second insulation film 10 on an inner wall 11 of a mesa groove corresponding to a PN junction PNJC, and to provide its method for manufacturing. - 特許庁

幅広いｐＨ範囲で電気化学的に安定であり、且つ導電キャリアが少ない絶縁性酸化錫膜１６２を備えているので、高温高湿下であっても、強電界が印加されたときの電気化学的反応を抑制でき、圧電素子１４４の圧電特性の劣化を防止できる。例文帳に追加

Thus, the piezoelectric element 144 is electrochemically stable within a wide pH range and is provided with the insulating tin oxide film 162 having a few conductive carriers, which, even under a high temperature and high humidity condition, enables restraining the electrochemical reaction when a strong electric field is applied and preventing the deterioration of the piezoelectric characteristics of the piezoelectric element 144. - 特許庁

レーザ（１２０）の屈折率構造及び光検出器（１１０）の屈折率構造の両方が有する屈折率よりも小さい屈折率を備えた連続絶縁層（１１５）が含まれ、これによって光学的特性を劣化させることなく電気的分離が実現される。例文帳に追加

A continuous insulating layer 115, provided with the refractive index smaller than the refractive index of the refractive index structure of the laser 120 and the refractive index structure of the light-detecting unit 110 is contained, and as a result, electrical isolation can be accomplished without deterioration in optical characteristics. - 特許庁

誘電率が高くかつ劣化が少なく、より薄膜化することが可能であり、基板上のＳｉ下地との間に反応（拡散）層が形成され難い等、リーク電流が少ない安定した特性を有する半導体装置用ゲート絶縁膜を得ることを課題とする。例文帳に追加

To provide such a gate insulation film for semiconductor device that has a high dielectric constant and less deterioration and can be made smaller in film thickness, and in which an reactive (diffusion) layer is difficult to be formed between the Si base on a substrate and itself and a stable characteristic with less leak current is given. - 特許庁

保護絶縁層として、バンプからの機械的応力を吸収するポリイミド等の樹脂材を使用したことに起因する誘電体材料の還元を回避し、優れた高周波追随特性が得られるとともに特性劣化の少ない薄膜キャパシタを提供すること。例文帳に追加

To provide a thin film capacitor capable of avoiding the reduction of a dielectric material caused by the use of a resin such as a polyimide or the like as a protective insulating layer for absorbing a mechanical stress from bumps, obtaining an excellent high frequency following characteristic, and exhibiting a little deterioration in its characteristic. - 特許庁

ガス遮断器において、アーク加熱によって昇温された消弧性ガスがピストンロッド５を通じて可動接触子３側から排出される場合に、高温ガスの温度を低下させ、周囲の構成部材の絶縁性能の劣化による地絡などを抑制する。例文帳に追加

To suppress a ground fault etc., caused by the deterioration in insulation performance of surrounding component members by lowering the temperature of a high-temperature gas when the arc-extinguishing gas heated by arc heating is exhausted from the side of a movable contact through a piston rod, in the case of a gas-blast circuit breaker. - 特許庁

ｉ．高温および高湿度の下で許容される結合強度を与え、ｉｉ．許容される電気絶縁特性を有し、ｉｉｉ．比較的高い電圧に耐えることができ、ｉｖ．光による劣化を阻止し、ｖ．許容される熱伝導性も有するデバイスを提供すること。例文帳に追加

To provide a device which provides joint strength allowed at high temperatures and under high humidity, has allowable electrical insulation characteristics, withstands a relatively high voltage, prevents deterioration caused by light, and has allowable thermal conductivity. - 特許庁

絶縁基板に各々半田付けによって実装された電力用半導体素子からなる構造体の複数が１つの支持体面に半田付けにより一体化された半導体装置において、それら各半田層の劣化を簡易且つ精度よく検出する。例文帳に追加

To simply and accurately detect deterioration of respective solder layers in a semiconductor device in which a plurality of structures composed of power semiconductor elements respectively mounted on respective insulating substrates by soldering are integrated on one support surface by soldering. - 特許庁

フェライト焼結体をもって積層フェライト部品を構成しようとするとき、フェライト材料の比抵抗が比較的低いため、積層フェライト部品において絶縁劣化や内部電極のマイグレーションが生じやすい。例文帳に追加

To solve such problems that, when plural ferrite sintered bodies are formed into a multilayer ferrite component, since specific resistance of the constituent ferrite material of the multilayer ferrite component is comparatively low, deterioration of insulation and migration of an internal electrode material are liable to occur in the multilayer ferrite component. - 特許庁

残留電荷測定法において、所定の課電パターンからなる交流電圧課電をステップ状に複数回行い、残留電荷が測定される最高交流課電電界強度と供試ケーブルの絶縁体厚さとの比を指標として水トリー劣化の程度を診断する。例文帳に追加

By the residual electric charge measuring method, AC voltage electrification based upon a specific electrification pattern is repeated in steps and the degree of the water tree deterioration is diagnosed by using as an index the ratio of the maximum AC electrification electric field intensity when the residual electric charges are measured and the insulator thickness of the tested cable. - 特許庁

液晶型素子ＬＣＤの液晶素子ＬＣにより、温度変化に起因する球面収差劣化等をリアルタイムで補正し、絶縁基板ＳＵＢによりコマ収差等を補正しているので、トータルで収差の少ない良好な特性を得ることができる。例文帳に追加

Since a spherical aberration deterioration, etc., caused by temperature variation are compensated in real time by a liquid crystal LC of the liquid crystal type element LCD and a coma aberration, etc., are compensated by an insulating substrate SUB, the satisfied performance having less aberration is obtained in total. - 特許庁

配線インダクタンスを低減するとともに、インサート成形時に、スイッチング素子の正・負極電源接続端子間に高温の成形樹脂が流れ込まず、該接続端子間の絶縁部材が劣化しない半導体モジュールのバスバー構造を提供する。例文帳に追加

To provide a bus bar structure for a semiconductor module, the wiring inductance of which is reduced and wherein high-temperature molding resin will not flow between positive/negative power supply connection terminals of each of switching elements at insert molding, and wherein the insulation member between the connection terminals will not deteriorate. - 特許庁

ＳｉＧｅ膜７２中に含まれるＧｅによってＰＭＯＳトランジスタのゲート電極に注入されたＰ型不純物の活性化率が改善され、ゲート絶縁膜６との界面での空乏層が抑制され、ＰＭＯＳトランジスタの特性劣化が防止される。例文帳に追加

By the Ge contained in the SiGe film 72, the activation rate of p-type impurities implanted to the gate electrode of the PMOS transistor is improved, and a depletion layer in an interface with a gate electrode 6 is suppressed, and deterioration in characteristics of the PMOS transistor is prevented. - 特許庁

枠体と絶縁端子部材との接合部のボイドやロウ材不足等による気密性の劣化と、ロウ材溜まりによる基体と枠体と端子部材との間の残留熱応力で接合信頼性が損なわれていたのを解消すること。例文帳に追加

To dissolve deterioration in the airtightness caused by the void at the junction between a frame and an insulating terminal member, the shortage of brazing material, or the like, and the marring of the junction reliability by the residual thermal stress among the substrate, the frame, and the terminal member. - 特許庁

硬化物の可撓性や半田耐熱性、耐熱劣化性、無電解金メッキ耐性に優れ、有機溶剤又は希アルカリ溶液で現像ができ、フレキシブルプリント配線板のソルダーレジスト用及び層感絶縁層用に適する樹脂組成物を提供する。例文帳に追加

To obtain a resin composition suitable for a colder-resist and an insulation layer between layers in a flexible printed circuit board, which is excellent in flexibility of a curing material and resistances to soldering heat, thermal deterioration, and nonelectrolytic gold plating, and can be developed in an organic solvent or a diluted alkaline solution. - 特許庁

銅または銅合金を含む導体との同時焼成が可能で、中性または還元性雰囲気中で焼成しても、絶縁抵抗や誘電損失の劣化が少なく、静電容量の温度変化率が±６０ｐｐｍ／℃以内と小さい、非還元性誘電体セラミックを提供する。例文帳に追加

To provide a nonreducing dielectric ceramic which is capable of being simultaneously sintered together with a conductive body containing copper or a copper alloy and has a small rate of temperature change of the capacitance being within ±60 ppm/°C, and whose insulating resistance and dielectric loss are kept without decrease even when it is sintered under a neutral or a reducing atmosphere. - 特許庁

この構成により、銅部材１０、金属メッキ層１１と給湯水との電気化学的な腐食反応を抑制することができるので、銅部材１０の穴あきが原因で起こる加熱装置５の絶縁劣化が無くなり、長期間使用しても加熱装置５としての機能を維持することができる。例文帳に追加

Since with the above construction, an electrochemical corrosion reaction between the copper member 10, the metal-plated layer 11, and the supplied hot water can be suppressed, insulation deterioration of the heating apparatus 5 caused by holes in the copper member 10 is eliminated, and a function as the heating apparatus 5 can be kept unchanged even with its use over a long time. - 特許庁