英和和英

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /bɹɑːs/
  • (MLE, also) IPA: /bɹas/
• (Northern England, Scotland) IPA: /bɹas/
• (General American) IPA: /bɹæs/
• 韻: -ɑːs, -æs

語源 1

From 中期英語 bras, bres, from 古期英語 bræs (“brass, bronze”), of uncertain origin. Perhaps representing a backformation from Proto-Germanic *brasnaz (“brazen”), from or related to *brasō (“fire, pyre”). Compare Old Norse and Icelandic bras (“solder”), Icelandic brasa (“to harden in the fire”), Swedish brasa (“a small controlled fire”), Danish brase (“to fry”); French braser ("to solder"; > English braise) from the same Germanic root. Compare also Middle Dutch braspenninc ("a silver coin", literally, "silver-penny"; > Dutch braspenning), Old Frisian bress (“copper”), Middle Low German bras (“metal, ore”).

In the military sense an ellipsis of the brass hats.

名詞

brass (usually uncountable, plural brasses)

1. (countable, uncountable) A metallic alloy of copper and zinc used in many industrial and plumbing applications.

   Coordinate term: bronze

   1. A memorial or sepulchral tablet usually made of brass or latten: a monumental brass.
   2. Fittings, utensils, or other items made of brass.
2. (music) A class of wind instruments, usually made of metal (such as brass), that use vibrations of the player's lips to produce sound; a band or the section of an orchestra that features such instruments.

   A few measures later, the brass comes in strong!

3. Spent cartridge casings (usually made of brass): the part of the cartridge left over after bullets or shells have been fired.
4. (uncountable) The color of brass (etymology 1 sense 1).

   brass:  

   Coordinate terms: bronze, copper

5. (military, business or other organizations, uncountable, used as a singular or plural noun, metonymic) High-ranking officers: the brass hats.

   Hyponym: top brass

   The brass are not going to like this.

   The brass is not going to like this.

   • 2004 November 9, Bungie, Halo 2, spoken by Avery Johnson (David Scully), Microsoft Game Studios, Xbox, level/area: The Armory:

     I don't want to keep the brass waiting, Chief.

6. (uncountable, informal) A brave or foolhardy attitude; impudence.

   Synonym: bronze

   You've got a lot of brass telling me to do that!

7. (slang, dated, Potteries) Money.
8. Inferior composition.

派生語

参照

• “brass”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
• “brass, noun.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.
• “brass n.”, in Green’s Dictionary of Slang, Jonathon Green, 2016–present

形容詞

brass (comparative more brass, superlative most brass)

1. Made of brass, of or pertaining to brass.
2. Of the color of brass.
3. (informal) Impertinent, bold: brazen.
   • 1869, John Bruce, editor, Calendar of State Papers, domestic series, of the reign of Charles I, 1637-1638, page 147:

     At the Council board, I hope to charge him with that he cannot answer, and yet I know his face is brass enough.

   • 1872, Elsie Leigh Whittlesey, Helen Ethinger: or, Not Exactly Right, page 154:

     [...] he continued in the same insulting strain. "If you were not quite brass, you would know it is not proper to be making promises you dare not tell of."

   • 2011, Paul Christopher, The Templar Conspiracy:

     It was a show of very large and very brass cojones, [...]

   • 1996 May 24, 2:00 am, Sherman Simpson, Want license key for AGENT FOR WINDOWS95, alt.usenet.offline-reader.forte-agent:

     Maybe (probably so), but it's rare someone is brass enough to post a msg for all to see asking for a software key, that the vast majority have paid for in support of the development effort.

   • 2000 Aug 18, 2:00 am, David Ryan, strangest bid retraction /illegal lottery NOT, rec.collecting.coins:

     After cornering the dutch auction, the seller was brass enough to send him the whole lot without one.

   • 2000 Aug 19, 3:00 am, n4mwd, for RMB, alt.support.anxiety-panic:

     Try to keep in mind that not all of his converts are brass enough to challenge the benzo pushers in this group, [...]

4. (slang) Bad, annoying; as wordplay applied especially to brass instruments.
   • 1888, Mr. & Mrs. Bancroft on and off the stage: written by themselves, volume 1, page 90:

     Grindoff, the miller, 'and the leader of a very brass band of most unpopular performers, with a thorough base accompaniment of at least fifty vices,' was played by Miss Saunders.

   • 1900 November 3, “The Training of Seamen”, in The Saturday Review, volume 90, number 2349, page 556:

     I must confess that to me there is something almost pathetic in the sight of a body of bluejackets improving their muscles on the quarter deck by bar-bell exercise, accompanied by a brass — a very brass — band, [...]

   • 1908, The Smith Family, published in Punch, March 4 1908, bound in Punch vol. CXXXIV, page 168:

     Mr. REGINALD SMITH, KC, the publisher, followed, but he had hardly begun his very interesting remarks when a procession headed by a very brass band entered Smithfield from the west, and approached the platform.

   • 1937, Blair Niles, A journey in time: Peruvian pageant, page 166:

     There are soldiers, policemen, priests and friars, as well as a motley mass of women, children, babies and dogs, and upon special occasions a very brass band.

   • 1929, Philippine Magazine, volume 6, page 27:

     The padre in my neighborhood — Santa Ana — was having some kind of a fiesta, and had hired a very brass band. This band kept up its martial airs for hours and hours after I got home, with grand finales — or what each time I hoped would be the grand finale, every five minutes.

5. Of inferior composition.
   • 1939, The New York times film reviews, volume 3:

     As Honest Plush Brannon then, Mr. Beery is one of San Francisco's fancier con men and hence more brass than plush

動詞

brass (third-person singular simple present brasses, present participle brassing, simple past and past participle brassed)

1. (transitive) To coat with brass.

派生語

関連する語

• braze
• brazen
• brazier

語源 2

By ellipsis from brass nail, in turn from "nail[ing]" (fig.) and "brass blonde" (see "brazen"); and also shortened from Cockney Rhyming slang brass flute for "prostitute".

名詞

brass (usually uncountable, plural brasses)

1. (countable, slang) A prostitute.
   • 1996, Will Self, The Sweet Smell of Psychosis, Bloomsbury, published 2011, page 2:

     Richard didn't want the man on the corner to go up and fuck one of the brasses.

形容詞

brass

1. (slang) Brass monkey; cold.

参考

• althorn
• chalcography
• cornet
• euphonium
• flugelhorn
• French horn
• mellophone
• Muntz metal
• saxhorn
• sousaphone
• trombone
• trumpet
• tuba
• Appendix:Colors

語源 3

From Portuguese braça and Spanish braza, from Old Galician-Portuguese and Old Spanish braça, from Latin brachia, variant of bracchium (“arm, cubit”), from Ancient Greek βραχίων (brakhíōn, “upper arm”).

名詞

brass (plural brasses)

1. (historical, obsolete) Synonym of brace, a traditional unit of measure equivalent to a fathom (6 feet) or about 1.6 m, especially as the Spanish braza and Portuguese braça, also French brasse.

参照

• David Barthelmy (1997–2026), “Brass”, in Webmineral Mineralogy Database.
• “brass”, in Mindat.org, Keswick, Va.: Hudson Institute of Mineralogy, 2000–2026.