紀州藩主時代の藩政を幕政に反映させ、将軍家宣時代の正徳の治を改める幕政改革を実施。例文帳に追加

Making good use of his experience as lord of the Kishu Domain, Yoshimune reformed the bakufu's political system called Shotoku no Chi, which had been adopted in the reign of Ienobu.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

慶喜と春嶽は文久の改革と呼ばれる幕政改革を行ない、京都守護職の設置、参勤交代の緩和などを行なった。例文帳に追加

Yoshinobu and Shungaku directed a reform of the Shogunate known as the Bunkyu Reform that included installation of The Office of Kyoto Protector (Kyoto Shugoshoku) and relaxation of Sankin Kotai requirement.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

春嶽は熊本藩出身の横井小楠を政治顧問に迎え、藩政改革や幕政改革にあたって彼の意見を重用した。例文帳に追加

Shungaku recruited Shonan YOKOI from the Kumamoto Domain as a political advisor and listened to his opinions on the reformation of domain duties and the shogunate political reform.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

幕政改革（ばくせいかいかく）は、江戸幕府で行われた、財政および政治制度その他の諸改革を指す。例文帳に追加

Reformation of the shogunate government refers to the reforms of the financial, political, and other systems implemented under the Edo "bakufu" (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

寛政の改革では松平定信の側近として幕政に参与している。例文帳に追加

He took part in the shogunate government as the close aide of Sadanobu MATSUDAIRA in the Kansei Reforms.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

その水野忠成が死し、大御所家斉も没した後、12代徳川家慶が幕政改革に意欲を見せる。例文帳に追加

After Tadaakira MIZUNO and Ogosho Ienari died, the 12th Shogun Ieyoshi TOKUGAWA became keen on the reforms of bakufu politics.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

これは皇族将軍と執権北条時宗を擁して幕政改革に乗り出した安達泰盛が採用したといわれている。例文帳に追加

This rule is said to have been introduced by Yasumori ADACHI, who carried out a reform of the shogunal administration under the banner of the Shogun from the Imperial family and Tokimune Hojo, the regent for the Shogun.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

そして第2次長州征伐の事後処理、幕府軍の西洋式軍制の導入など、幕政改革に尽力した。例文帳に追加

He worked for Bakufu reforms such as the post-war management of the Second Conquest of Choshu and introduction of western-style military system into the bakufu troops.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

八代将軍徳川吉宗は、江戸の開幕以降最大の幕政改革を行ない、「江戸幕府の中興の祖」と呼ばれている。例文帳に追加

The eighth shogun Yoshimune TOKUGAWA conducted the largest-scale reformation of the shogunate government since its foundation, thus earning the title 'Restorer of the Edo bakufu.'発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

御三家および諸藩は幕府に協力して公武合体の実を成し、幕府は攘夷推進の幕政改革を遂行せよとの命令。例文帳に追加

Order that the Tokugawa gosanke and other domains shall realize kobu-gattai, the union of the Imperial Court and the shogunate, in cooperation with the bakufu, and the bakufu shall accelerate to reform the shogunate government to promote the expulsion of foreigners.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

米価と諸色のバランスの調整は、いわゆる「幕政改革」の一環として必ず取り上げられた問題であった。例文帳に追加

Adjustment of a balance between rice price and shoshiki was an issue that always came up as part of so-called 'reformation of the shogunate government.'発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

幕末に至って安政の改革で徳川斉昭（水戸徳川家）が海防参与となり、幕政参加を許された。例文帳に追加

In the Ansei Reform during the end of the Edo Period, Nariaki TOKUGAWA (the Mito-Tokugawa family) became a coastal defense officer and was allowed to participate in the shogunate government.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

貞時の外祖父として幕政を主導する立場となった泰盛は弘安徳政と呼ばれる幕政改革に着手し、新たな法令を大量に発布した。例文帳に追加

After Yasumori got a position to lead the government administration as the maternal grandfather of Sadatoki, he launched a political reform called 'Koan tokusei' and promulgated a large number of laws and ordinances.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

家重時代の末期から続く10代徳川家治時代にかけて幕政を主導し財政を立て直したのが、側用人から老中となった田沼意次である（なお、これ以後の幕政改革は、ほぼ老中が主導することになる）。例文帳に追加

And it was Okitsugu TANUMA who got promoted from the grand chamberlain to "roju," and who took the initiative in reconstructing the bakufu finance from the last days of Ieshige's reign to the next tenth Shogun Ieharu TOKUGAWA's one; incidentally, the reforms of politics after that were mostly led by "roju."発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

松平慶永の政治顧問として招かれ、福井藩の藩政改革、さらには幕府の政事総裁職であった春嶽の助言者として幕政改革にかかわる。例文帳に追加

Invited as politics adviser to Yoshinaga MATSUDAIRA, he engaged in the reformation of domain duties of Fukui Domain and also the reformation of the shogunate government as adviser to Shungoku, who was the president of political affairs of bakufu.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

8代将軍となった徳川吉宗は、紀州徳川家の出身であり、それまで幕政を主導してきた譜代大名に対して遠慮することなく、大胆に政治改革をおこなった（享保の改革）。例文帳に追加

Yoshimune TOKUGAWA from the Kishu Tokugawa family assumed the position of the eighth shogun, and implemented dynamic political reforms with no regard for the feelings of the hereditary vassal daimyo who had taken the initiative in the shogunate government until then (Kyoho Reforms).発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

初代将軍徳川家康、2代徳川秀忠、3代徳川家光の時代は、江戸幕府体制の確立期にあたり、この期間における諸改革は「改革」というよりもむしろ「体制固め」というべきであるため、幕政改革には含まれない。例文帳に追加

The reigns of Ieyasu TOKUGAWA (the first Shogun), Hidetada TOKUGAWA (the second Shogun), and Iemitsu TOKUGAWA (the third Shogun) fell under the period of establishment of the Edo bakufu, so various policies during this period were done for setting up the regime rather than implementing reforms, so these policies are not included in the reforms of the shogunate government.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

著名な幕政改革であるいわゆる「三大改革」（享保の改革・寛政の改革・天保の改革）は、本来はそれぞれ8代徳川吉宗・11代徳川家斉・12代徳川家慶の「御代始」の一環であり、近年注目されている幕末の安政の改革及び慶応の改革も13代徳川家定・15代徳川慶喜の「御代始」と関連づけられる（もう1つの文久の改革は、孝明天皇勅使の江戸下向との関連であり「御代始」との関連性は無いとされる）。例文帳に追加

The famous reformations of the shogunate government, 'the three biggest reformations' (the Kyoho reform, Kansei Reform, and Tempo Reforms) are part of 'Miyohajime' by Yoshimune TOKUGAWA (8th), Ienari TOKUGAWA (11th), and Ieyoshi TOKUGAWA (12th); the Ansei Reform and the Keio Reform can both be associated with the 'Miyohajime' of Iesada TOKUGAWA (13th) and Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA (15th) (the Bukyu Reform is thought to be associated with Edo geko, go down to Edo, of the Imperial envoy of Emperor Komei, but not with 'Miyohajime.')発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

幕府権力の再興に務め、増税と質素倹約による幕政改革、新田開発など公共政策、公事方御定書の制定、市民の意見を取り入れるための目安箱の設置などの享保の改革を実行した。例文帳に追加

He put great effort into the restoration of the bakufu's authority, and enacted the Kyoho Reforms through measures such as tax increases and cost-cutting to reform the bakufu, public policies such as the development of new rice fields, the enactment of Kujikata Osadamegaki (the law of the Edo bakufu), and the installation of opinion boxes to gain the views of the public.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

江戸時代には商人資本の成長や農村への商品経済の浸透、それらによる身分制の変質など、村落共同体の動揺は一揆や打ちこわしを招き、幕府や諸藩は幕政改革や藩政改革を行い再編を試みる。例文帳に追加

During the Edo period, the growth of merchant capital and the penetration of the commodity economy to agricultural villages contributed to the transformation of the hierarchy of village communities, which, however, caused such turmoils in the community as uprising peasants and destructive riots, and compelled both Bakufu (shogunate) government and Han (local domain) governments to try to reform their political systems.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

1867年（慶応3年）に幕末の幕政改革で月番制を廃止し、国内事務・会計・外国事務・陸軍・海軍の5人の総裁がそれぞれ専任する体制となった。例文帳に追加

In the reformation of the shogunate government in 1867, at the end of the Edo period, the tsukibansei system (in which one of the Roju was in charge of daily affairs in monthly rotation) was abolished and a new system was established in which each of five presidents was exclusively responsible for domestic affairs, accounting, foreign affairs, the army, or the navy.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

以後9月中旬頃まで諸藩の有志および有馬新七・有村俊斎・伊地知正治らと大老井伊直弼を排斥し、それによって幕政の改革をしようとはかった。例文帳に追加

After that until middle of September, he ignored Naosuke II of chief minister with volunteers of many domains, Shinshichi ARIMA and Masaharu IJICH, and tried to reform Bakufu feudal government.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

応仁の乱後に将軍親政を開始し、衰退した幕府権力を回復しようと六角征伐を行なうなど、積極的な幕政改革を行なったが、六角征伐の最中に病に倒れ、父母に先立つ形で死去した。例文帳に追加

Once the Onin War ended, he started to rule by himself and actively executed several reforms of shogunal politics, such as the Rokkaku subjugation to restore the stagnating power of the shogunate government, but in the middle of the Rokkaku subjugation he became ill and passed away, thus preceding his parents to the grave.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

大坂青屋口の加番や大番頭を務めた後の天明8年（1788年）、若年寄に任じられて寛政の改革期の幕政に参与した。例文帳に追加

After he had worked as kaban (a person in charge of guard) at aoyaguchi gate of Osaka-jo Castle and Oban gashira (captains of the great guards), he was appointed as wakadoshiyori (a managerial position in the Edo bakufu) in 1788 to participate in the shogunate government in the period of Kansei Reforms.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

この頃より老中首座である松平武元など意次を中心とした幕府の閣僚は、数々の幕政改革を手がけ、田沼時代と呼ばれる権勢を握る。例文帳に追加

The cabinet members of the shogunate government, including Okitsugu and Takechika MATSUDAIRA, the head of roju, began to reform the government and took the reins of power, with the result that this period was called the Tanuma period.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

人気のなかった「生類憐みの令」を廃止するなどして、幕政改革に熱心だったことから、歴代将軍の中でも名君と評されていて、在位3年で死去したのを惜しむ声が多い。例文帳に追加

He is described as the wise ruler among the successive shoguns, as he came up with various measures to reform the bakufu, including discontinuing the unpopular law prohibiting cruelty to animals, and there are many voices that say it was such a loss that he died only three years after taking office.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

朝廷に対する久光の働きかけにより5月9日、幕政改革を要求するために勅使を江戸へ派遣することが決定され、久光は勅使随従を命じられる。例文帳に追加

Due to Hisamitsu's action towards the Imperial Court, it was decided on June 19, 1862 to dispatch an Imperial envoy to Edo in order to demand the reformation of the shogunate government and Hisamitsu was ordered to follow the envoy.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

久光は閏8月6日に京都へ到着、9日に参内して幕政改革の成功を復命した後、23日に京都を発し帰藩する（9月7日鹿児島着）。例文帳に追加

On September 5, 1862, Hisamitsu arrived in Kyoto, went to the Imperial Court and reported the success of the Shogunate government reformation on 8, then he left Kyoto on October 1 and returned to the domain (arrived at Kagoshima on October 16).発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

久光は勅使大原重徳とともに江戸へ赴き、一橋慶喜（徳川慶喜）の将軍後継職就任や、幕府に対して幕政改革などを要求する。例文帳に追加

Hisamitsu toured to Edo with the Imperial Envoy, Shigetoku OOHARA, and demanded that the Shogunate accept Keiki HITOTSUBASHI (Keiki TOKUGAWA) as the successor Shogun and reform the Shogunate.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

土佐藩などの主張で幕府が朝廷に政権を返上し、諸侯会議により幕政改革を推進する公議政体論が主張された。例文帳に追加

Following the opinion of clans such as Tosa, the Shogunate returned the ruling power to the Imperial Court, and the idea of giving political power to the council of representatives from various clans, which would reform the Shogunate system, was recommended.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

またこの時期、薩摩藩主の父で前藩主斉彬の弟・島津久光が、亡き兄の遺志を継ぎ、幕政改革を志して兵を率いて上京した。例文帳に追加

In the same period, Hisamitsu SHIMAZU, brother of the former lord and father of the current lord of the Satsuma clan, went to Kyoto with his troops, aiming to help the reformation of the government and fulfill the dying wish of his brother.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

老中・阿部正弘が幕政改革を行ない、1854年にアメリカ合衆国と日米和親条約を、ロシアとは日露和親条約を締結した。例文帳に追加

The Roju Masahiro ABE carried out the reformation of the shogunate government and entered into the America-Japan Treaty of Amity and Friendship and a treaty between the Russian Empire and the Empire of Japan in 1854.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

久光の真意は、あくまで幕政の改革・公武一和であったため、これら志士たちとの間に摩擦を生じ、自藩の急進派有馬新七らの粛清を命じた（寺田屋事件、4月23日）。例文帳に追加

Hisamitsu's true intent was the political reform of the bakufu and Kobu Ichiwa (union of the shogunate and the imperial court, another way of calling Kobu Gattai) from the beginning, so he ordered the purge of the extremists of the domain such as Shinshichi ARIMA (Teradaya Incident on April 23).発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

8代将軍となった徳川吉宗は、紀州徳川家の出身であり、それまでの幕政を主導してきた譜代大名に対して遠慮することなく、大胆に政治改革を主導することとなった。例文帳に追加

The eighth Shogun Yoshimune TOKUGAWA came from the Kishu Tokugawa family (a branch of Tokugawa family), so he had the courage to lead the political reforms without hesitation toward "fudai daimyo," who had led politics of the Edo bakufu until then.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

しかし、外様大名や朝廷の介入による幕政改革の強制は幕府権威をいっそう低下させ、これにより幕府崩壊の方向性は決定的となった。例文帳に追加

However, intervention of "tozama daimyo" and Imperial Court in politics of the Edo bakufu and their enforcement of reforms on it further decreased its authority, so its collapse became almost inevitable.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

寛政の遺老（かんせいのいろう）とは、寛政の改革を主導した松平定信失脚後、定信によって取り立てられた松平信明(三河吉田藩主)ら幕政を主導した政治家たちのことを指す。例文帳に追加

Iro (old retainers) in the Kansei era refers to politicians who led the bakufu such as Nobuaki MATSUDAIRA (the lord of the Mikawa-Yoshida domain), who were chosen by Sadanobu MATSUDAIRA after his downfall.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

将軍・徳川家斉は若年のため、その後の幕政は信明をはじめ、戸田氏教、本多忠籌、牧野忠精、太田資愛、安藤信成ら寛政の改革時代に定信によって登用された老中たちによって主導されていくこととなった。例文帳に追加

As the shogunate Ienari TOKUGAWA was too young, the next bakufu was led by roju who were hired by Sadanobu during the Kansei Reform, such as Saneakira, Ujinori TODA, Tadakazu HONDA, Tadakiyo MAKINO, Sukeyoshi OTA, and Nobunari ANDO.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

井伊暗殺後に朝廷や薩摩藩の後援で将軍後継となった一橋慶喜（徳川慶喜）、政事総裁職となった福井藩主・松平慶永らが文久の改革を開始すると、文久2年（1862年）に新設の幕政参与に任ぜられ、のち新設の京都守護職に推される。例文帳に追加

After the assassination of II, Yoshinobu HITOTSUBASHI (Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA), who had become the Shogun's successor with the support of the Imperial Court and the Satsuma Clan, started the Bunkyu Reformation along with Yoshinaga MATSUDAIRA, the head of the Fukui Clan who had become Seiji Sosaishoku; and in 1862 Katamori was appointed to the new post of Bakusei Sanyo, and later to the newly created post of Kyoto Shugoshoku.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

一方で幕府創設者である徳川家康と並んで幕政改革に熱心であった第5代将軍・徳川綱吉を尊敬し、綱吉が定めた「生類憐れみの令」を即日廃止した第6代将軍・徳川家宣を批判したと言われる。例文帳に追加

It is said that he respected Tsunayoshi TOKUGAWA, the fifth shogun, because he was enthusiastic with regard to the reformation of the shogunate like Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, the founder of the Tokugawa bakufu, but he criticized Ienobu TOKUGAWA, the sixth shogun, because he abolished the 'Shorui-Awaremi-no-rei' (ordinances of animal protection) that was an ordinance established by Tsunayoshi, on the same day that he assumed the post of shogun.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

征夷大将軍を戴く御家人制度の立て直しを図る泰盛の改革は御家人層を拡大し、将軍権威の発揚して得宗権力と御内人の幕政への介入を抑制するもので、得宗被官である頼綱らに利害が及ぶものであった。例文帳に追加

Yasumori's reforms aimed to reorganize the Gokenin system (immediate vassals of the shogunate in the Kamakura period) overseen by Seitaishogun (commander-in-chief of the expeditionary force against the barbarians, great, unifying leader) in order to expand the Gokenin class and enhance the shogun's authority to prevent any increase in Tokuso's power and Gokenin's intervention into politics, which would influence the position of Yoritsuna and other Tokuso's vassals.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

兄・斉彬の死後、藩主となった子の島津忠義を補佐する国父（副城公）の立場となった島津久光は、兄の遺志を継ぎ、兄の果たせなかった率兵上京を敢行し、朝廷から勅使を出させることで幕政の改革を推し進めようと図った。例文帳に追加

After his older brother Nariakira died, Hisamitsu SHIMAZU became Kokufu (father of the country) (also called "Lord of the Second Citadel") to assist his son Tadayoshi SHIMAZU, who became a new lord, and he carried out his older brother's last wish to move up to Kyoto with the troops, which his older brother could not accomplish, attempting to promote the bakufu's political reform by having the imperial court dispatch the envoy.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

一方、京都でも久光の行動と寺田屋事件などの影響により、薩摩藩・会津藩などを中心とする公武合体（幕政改革）派と、長州藩や真木和泉らの志士などを中心とする尊王攘夷派の間で、京都政界の主導権を巡る対立が激しさを増していく。例文帳に追加

On the other hand, due to the influence by Hisamitsu's actions, the Teradaya Incident and so on the confrontation intensified over the initiative of the Kyoto government between a party of Kobu gattai (reformists of the shogunate government) led by Satsuma, Aizu and other domains and a party of Sonno joi advocators led by the Choshu Domain, Izumi MAKI and other samurai.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

また文久の改革では島津久光および朝廷の公武合体派公卿らの主導で出された勅命を受け松平慶永（越前松平家）、徳川慶喜（一橋徳川家）が、将軍の命令（台命・たいめい）を受け松平容保（会津松平家）が幕政に参加している。例文帳に追加

And during the Bunkyu Reform, Yoshinaga MATSUDAIRA (the Echizen Matsudaira family) and Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA (the Hitotsubashi-Tokugawa family) participated in the shogunate government by an Imperial order released under the leadership of Hisamitsu SHIMAZU and the court nobles in the Imperial Court who supported the idea of uniting the court and the shogunate, as did Katamori MATSUDAIRA (the Aizu-Matsudaira family) by an order from Shogun (taimei).発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

幕政の改革は、鎖国体制から開国への移行に伴う尊王攘夷運動の激化、将軍継嗣問題を巡る一橋派・南紀派の対立などの政治的混乱の中で、薩摩藩主・島津斉彬や越前藩主松平慶永ら、開明的な大名らの間ではつとに必要性を叫ばれていた。例文帳に追加

In the midst of the political turmoil including an intensification of the Sonno Joi movement (the movement advocating reverence for the Emperor and the expulsion of foreigners) caused by the change from the national isolation to the opening of the country to the world as well as the dispute over shogun's successor between the Hitotsubashi group (which supported Yoshinobu TOKUGAWA) and the Nanki group (which supported Yoshitomi TOKUGAWA), the enlightened and farsighted daimyo (Japanese feudal lords) had been advocating the necessity of the political reform of the bakufu.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス