purgeとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (General American) IPA^(key): /pɝd͡ʒ/
• (Received 発音) IPA^(key): /pɜːd͡ʒ/
• 韻: -ɜː(ɹ)d͡ʒ

名詞

purge (複数形 purges)

1. An act of purging.
2. (medicine) An evacuation of the bowels or a vomiting.
3. A cleansing of pipes.
4. A forcible removal of people, for example, from political activity.

   Stalin liked to ensure that his purges were not reversible.

5. That which purges; especially, a medicine that evacuates the intestines; a cathartic.
   • 1722, John Arbuthnot, Mr. Maitland’s account of inoculating the small-pox

     he prescribes a Purge or a Vomit

派生語

• Great Purge

関連する語

動詞

purge (三人称単数 現在形 purges, 現在分詞 purging, 過去形および過去分詞形 purged)

1. (transitive) To clean thoroughly; to cleanse; to rid of impurities.
2. (transitive, religion) To free from sin, guilt, or the burden or responsibility of misdeeds.
3. (transitive) To remove by cleansing; to wash away.
   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, Psalms 79:9:

     Purge away our sins, for thy name’s sake.

   • 1712 (date written), [Joseph] Addison, Cato, a Tragedy. […], London: […] J[acob] Tonson, […], published 1713, OCLC 79426475, Act I, scene ii, page 1:

     We'll join our cares to purge away / Our country’s crimes.

4. (transitive, intransitive, medicine) To void or evacuate (the bowels または the stomach); to defecate or vomit.
5. (transitive, medicine) To cause someone to purge, operate on (somebody) as or with a cathartic or emetic, or in a similar manner.
   • 1979, Octavia Butler, Kindred:

     "What did they die of?” I asked.
     "Fevers. The doctor came and bled them and purged them, but they still died."
     "He bled and purged babies?"
     "They were two and three. He said it would break the fever. And it did. But they … they died anyway."

6. (transitive, of a person) To forcibly remove, e.g., from political activity.

   Deng Xiaoping was purged twice during the Cultural Revolution, but managed to return to power after Mao's death.

7. (transitive, of an organization, by extension) To forcibly remove people from.

   Cromwell had Colonel Pride purge Parliament of royalists who opposed Charles I's execution.

8. (transitive, law) To clear of a charge, suspicion, or imputation.
9. (transitive) To clarify; to clear the dregs from (liquor).
10. (intransitive) To become pure, as by clarification.
11. (intransitive) To have or produce frequent evacuations from the intestines, as by means of a cathartic.
12. (transitive) To trim, dress, or prune.