reciprocalとは

発音

• IPA^(key): /ɹɪˈsɪpɹək(ə)l/

形容詞

reciprocal (not comparable)

1. Of a logical relation, feeling, action: in return, inversely corresponding. Contrast with mutual, two-way, where the relation must be symmetrical.

   I invited them to the concert; they couldn't come, but extended a reciprocal invitation to lunch

   1. reciprocal duties, reciprocal help (non-identical services are exchanged)

      • Shakespeare, King Lear

        "Let our reciprocal vows be remembered" (Shakespeare, King Lear; Goneril has promised Edmund that she will marry him; Edmund has promised Goneril that he will murder her husband)

   2. reciprocal terms; term pairs that express what A is to B and what B is to A. If the same term is used for both directions, they are "self-reciprocal" or mutual terms.

      under is the reciprocal term of over

      hypernym is the reciprocal term of hyponym

      ("dog" is a hypernym of "poodle", かつ "poodle" is a hyponym of "dog")

      • Dwight Read, 2010, Mathematical Modeling of the Logical Structure of Kinship Terminologies

        "Parent and child are reciprocal kin terms"

      • Richard Lee, 1986 !Kung kin terms, the name relationship and the process of discovery

        "The term tun for "grandmother" also has a reciprocal form, tuma, that is, granddaughter."

      • Thomas Headland, 1987, Kinship and Social Behavior among Agta Negrito Hunter-Gatherers

        "All kinsmen two or more generations removed from Ego [the person using the term] are referred to by the self-reciprocal term apo (grandkinsman) (i.e., grandparent または grandchild)"

      • I. Watts (?)

        "These two rules will render a definition reciprocal with the thing defined."

2. (mathematics) Used to denote different kinds of mutual relation; often with reference to the substitution of reciprocals for given quantities.
3. (grammar) expressing mutual or reciprocal action, applied to reciprocal pronouns (e.g. "Love one another", "We taught each other a lot") and reciprocal verbs; (e.g. "They met"); also, sometimes, in a broader sense: reflexive (e.g. "Know yourself!").

関連する語

• mutual, two-way
• contrary, opposite, converse, inverse, inverted, cross
• (grammar): reflexive
• See also Thesaurus:contrary

派生語

• irreciprocal

関連する語

• reciprocity

名詞

reciprocal (複数形 reciprocals)

1. (arithmetic) Of a number, the number obtained by dividing 1 by the given number; the result of exchanging the numerator and the denominator of a fraction.

   0.5 is the reciprocal of 2.

同意語

• (in arithmetic): multiplicative inverse