unusとは 意味・読み方・使い方

別の表記

• I
• oenos (Republican Latin)
• oinos (Old Latin)

語源

From Old Latin oinos, from Proto-Italic *oinos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos (“one, single”).

Cognates include Ancient Greek οἶος (oîos), Sanskrit एक॑ (éka), Old Church Slavonic единъ (edinŭ), Old Irish óen, and 古期英語 ān (English one and an).

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈuː.nʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈuː.nus]

形容詞

ūnus (feminine ūna, neuter ūnum); first/second-declension adjective (pronominal declension)

1. one, single

   ad unum ― unanimously, universally, widely

2. alone
   • 63 BCE, Cicero, In Catilinam orationes 1.18:

     […] tibi ūnī multōrum cīvium necēs, tibi vexātiō dīreptiōque sociōrum, inpūnīta fuit ac līberā; […] .

     […] for you alone the murders of many citizens, for you the harassment and plundering of the allies, has been unpunished and unrestricted; […] .

語形変化

First/second-declension adjective (pronominal declension).

数詞

ūnus (feminine ūna, neuter ūnum); first/second-declension numeral (pronominal declension)

1. one; 1

   Synonym: sextans (uncommon, math)

   • 8 CE, Ovidius, Metamorphoses 6.644–645:

     satis illi ad fata vel unum vulnus erat: iugulum ferro Philomela resolvit

     Sufficient was this one wound to kill; but Philomela also cut open the throat

   • c. 347 CE – 420 CE, Hieronymus, Vulgate Nehemiae.1.2:

     et venit Anani unus de fratribus meis ipse et viri ex Iuda et interrogavi eos de Iudaeis qui remanserant et supererant de captivitate et de Hierusalem

     and Hanani came, one of my brethren, he and certain men of Judah; and I asked them concerning the Jews that had escaped, which were left of the captivity, and concerning Jerusalem

   • 6th c. — Boethius, Commentarium in librum Aristotelis Peri hermeneias primae editionis, Book I, section 5

     In summam igitur ūnārum ōrātiōnum aliae sunt significātiōne ūnae, aliae coniūnctiōne.

     "In summary therefore, of one theme others are (by signification) one, some with connections."

使用する際の注意点

The plural forms are only used with pluralia tantum. For more information see Appendix:Latin cardinal numbers.

語形変化

First/second-declension adjective (pronominal declension).

派生語

関連する語

冠詞

ūnus

1. (Medieval Latin) a; an

語形変化

First/second-declension adjective (pronominal declension), singular only.

派生語

派生した語

参照

Further reading

• “unus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “unus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• unus in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2026), Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication
• “unus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • a day's journey: iter unius diei or simply diei
    
  • to collect together at one spot: in unum locum convenire, confluere
    
  • one or two days: unus et alter dies
    
  • one, two, several days had passed, intervened: dies unus, alter, plures intercesserant
    
  • to take in everything at a glance: omnia uno aspectu, conspectu intueri
    
  • one thing still makes me hesitate: unus mihi restat scrupulus (Ter. Andr. 5. 4. 37) (cf. too religio, sect. XI. 2)
    
  • to collect, accumulate instances: multa exempla in unum (locum) colligere
    
  • to choose one from a large number of instances: ex infinita exemplorum copia unum (pauca) sumere, decerpere (eligere)
    
  • Solon, one of the seven sages: Solo, unus de septem (illis)
    
  • all agree on this point: omnes (uno ore) in hac re consentiunt
    
  • (ambiguous) unanimously: una voce; uno ore
    
  • unanimously: uno, communi, summo or omnium consensu (Tusc. 1. 15. 35)
    
  • to give a general idea of a thing: in uno conspectu ponere aliquid
    
  • to give a general idea of a thing: sub unum aspectum subicere aliquid
    
  • to have a general idea of a thing: uno conspectu videre aliquid
    
  • to say not a syllable about a person: ne verbum (without unum) quidem de aliquo facere
    
  • one of the crowd; a mere individual: unus de or e multis
    
  • an ordinary, average Roman citizen: unus e togatorum numero
    
  • monarchy: imperium singulare, unius dominatus, regium imperium
    
  • to concentrate all the troops at one point: cogere omnes copias in unum locum
    
  • they perished to a man: ad unum omnes perierunt
    
  • I will only say this much..: tantum or unum illud or hoc dico
    
  • (ambiguous) to travel together: una iter facere
    
  • (ambiguous) all are unanimous: una et consentiens vox est
    
  • (ambiguous) unanimously: una voce; uno ore
    
• unus in Ramminger, Johann (16 July 2016 (last accessed)), Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎, pre-publication website, 2005-2016