英和和英

語源

Mid 16th century, from French carrière (“road; racecourse”), from Italian carriera, from Old Occitan carreira, from Late Latin carrāria based on Latin carrus (“wheeled vehicle”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱr̥sós, from *ḱers- (“to run”); alternatively, from Middle French carriere, from Old Occitan.

発音

• (Western)
  • 異形同音異義語: chorea, Korea (in fast non-rhotic speech)
  • (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /kəˈɹɪə/
  • IPA: (General American) /kəˈɹɪɹ/, /kəˈɹɪ.ɚ/
• (Indic)
  • IPA: /kəˈrɪjə(r)/
    • Homophone: currier (stress neutralized)
  • (spelling pronunciation) IPA: /ˈkarɪjə(r)/
    • Homophone: carrier

• 韻: -ɪə(ɹ)

名詞

career (plural careers)

1. One’s calling in life; one's working occupation or profession, especially when pursued seriously or over a long period of time.
   • 1971, “Working Class Hero”, in John Lennon (lyrics), John Lennon / Plastic Ono Band, performed by John Lennon:

     When they’ve tortured and scared you for twenty-odd years, / Then they expect you to pick a career

2. The course, evolution, and ongoing advancement of one's working life, especially in one particular field.

   Washington’s career as a soldier

   This scandal could ruin his career.

   He regretted focusing on his career to the exclusion of his family.

   • 2012 January, Douglas Larson, “Runaway Devils Lake”, in American Scientist‎, volume 100, number 1, archived from the original on 23 May 2012, page 46:

     Devils Lake is where I began my career as a limnologist in 1964, studying the lake’s neotenic salamanders and chironomids, or midge flies.

3. The general course of one's action or conduct in life, or in a particular area of life.
   • 2002, Priscilla K. Shontz, Steven J. Oberg, Jump Start Your Career in Library and Information Science, page 21:

     As I explored the possibility of a library science path, having previously been employed in libraries during my school career and afterwards, I decided that I needed to actually experience work in a library setting full time again […]

4. (archaic) Speed.
   • c. 1599, William Shakespeare, Henry V, act 3, scene 3:

     What rein can hold licentious wickedness
     When down the hill he holds his fierce career?

   • 1648, John Wilkins, Mathematicall Magick. Or, The Wonders that may be Performed by Mechanicall Geometry. […], London: […] M[iles] F[lesher] for Sa[muel] Gellibrand […], →OCLC:

     when a horse is running in his full career

   • 1843 April, Thomas Carlyle, “chapter XIII, Democracy”, in Past and Present, American edition, Boston, Mass.: Charles C[offin] Little and James Brown, published 1843, →OCLC, book III (The Modern Worker):

     It may be admitted that Democracy, in all meanings of the word, is in full career; irresistible by any Ritter Kauderwalsch or other Son of Adam, as times go.

5. A jouster's path during a joust.
   • 1819 December 20 (indicated as 1820), Walter Scott, Ivanhoe; a Romance. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), Edinburgh: […] Archibald Constable and Co.; London: Hurst, Robinson, and Co. […], →OCLC:

     These knights, therefore, their aim being thus eluded, rushed from opposite sides betwixt the object of their attack and the Templar, almost running their horses against each other ere they could stop their career.

6. (obsolete) A short gallop of a horse. [16th–18th c.]
   • 1603, Michel de Montaigne, chapter 48, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes […], book I, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC:

     It is said of Cæsar […] that in his youth being mounted upon a horse, and without any bridle, he made him run a full cariere [tr. carriere], make a sodaine stop, and with his hands behind his backe performe what ever can be expected of an excellent ready horse.

   • 1756, William Guthrie (translator), Of Eloquence (originally by Quintillian):

     Such littleness damps the heat, and weakens the force of genius; as we check a horse in his career, and rein him in when we want him to amble

7. (falconry) The flight of a hawk.
8. (obsolete) A racecourse; the ground run over.
   • a. 1587, Philippe Sidnei [i.e., Philip Sidney], “(please specify the folio)”, in [Fulke Greville; Matthew Gwinne; John Florio], editors, The Countesse of Pembrokes Arcadia [The New Arcadia], London: […] [John Windet] for William Ponsonbie, published 1590, →OCLC:

     to think of going back again the same career

派生語

動詞

career (third-person singular simple present careers, present participle careering, simple past and past participle careered)

1. To move rapidly straight ahead, especially in an uncontrolled way.

   Synonym: careen

   The car careered down the road, missed the curve, and went through a hedge.

   • 2003 October 16, Emma Brockes, quoting DBC Pierre, “How did I get here?”, in The Guardian‎:

     He likens the story of his 20s to “a fully fuelled jumbo jet just reaching take-off point and having to slam on the brakes. You’ve got this enormous bloody thing careering off the end of the runway, through the fence, through the house next door, bursting into flames and me crawling out and scraping my wounds for 10 years. I won't be flying that one again.”

   • 2011 September 16, Ben Dirs, “Rugby World Cup 2011: New Zealand 83-7 Japan”, in BBC Sport‎:

     However, the hosts hit back and hit back hard, first replacement hooker Andrew Hore sliding over, then Williams careering out of his own half and leaving several defenders for dead before flipping the ball to Nonu to finish off a scintillating move.

   • 2021 February 24, Greg Morse, “Great Heck: a tragic chain of events”, in RAIL, number 925, page 39:

     This secondary collision, head-on with a closing speed of 142mph, caused the DVT to veer off to the left. Many of the coaches behind it overturned and careered into an adjacent field.

形容詞

career (not comparable)

1. Doing something professionally, for a living (generally said of something that is not a commonplace job, e.g. criminal activity).

   a career burglar

   • 2012, Arthur Gillard, Homelessness, page 38:

     Studies on homeless income find that the typical “career panhandler” who dedicates his time overwhelmingly to begging can make between $600 and $1,500 a month.

2. (loosely) Synonym of serial (“doing something regularly”).

   a career rapist

Further reading

• Raymond Williams (1983), “Career”, in Keywords: A Vocabulary of Culture and Society, revised American edition, New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, published 1985, →ISBN, page 52.