英和和英

語源 1

From Middle English blowen, from 古期英語 blāwan (“to blow, breathe, inflate, sound”), from Proto-West Germanic *blāan, from Proto-Germanic *blēaną (“to blow”) (compare German blähen), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰleh₁- (“to swell, blow up”) (compare Latin flō (“to blow”) and Old Armenian բեղուն (bełun, “fertile”)).

動詞

blow (三人称単数 現在形 blows, 現在分詞 blowing, 過去形 blew, 過去分詞 blown)

1. (intransitive) To produce an air current.
   • c. 1603–1606, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of King Lear”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act III, scene ii], page 296, column 1:

     Lear. Blow windes, & crack your cheeks; Rage, blow
     You Cataracts, and Hyrricano's ſpout,

   • 1610–1611, William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act I, scene i], page 1, column 1:

     Tend to th' Maſters whiſtle: Blow till thou burſt thy winde, if roome enough.

   • 1653, Iz[aak] Wa[lton], The Compleat Angler or The Contemplative Man’s Recreation. Being a Discourse of Fish and Fishing, […], London: […] T. Maxey for Rich[ard] Marriot, […], OCLC 1097101645:

     Hark how it rains and blows!

2. (transitive) To propel by an air current (または, if under water, a water current), usually with the mouth.

   Blow the dust off that book and open it up.

   The blennies join together to blow the sand off the bobbit.

3. (intransitive) To be propelled by an air current.

   The leaves blow through the streets in the fall.

4. (figuratively) To direct or move, usually of a person to a particular location.
   • 1837, Letitia Elizabeth Landon, Ethel Churchill, volume 2, page 260:

     "This is an unexpected pleasure!" exclaimed he. "What good fortune blows Lady Marchmont hither?"

5. (transitive) To create or shape by blowing; as in to blow bubbles, to blow glass.
6. (transitive) To force a current of air upon with the mouth, or by other means.

   to blow the fire

7. (transitive) To clear of contents by forcing air through.

   to blow an egg

   to blow one's nose

8. (transitive) To cause to make sound by blowing, as a musical instrument.
9. (intransitive) To make a sound as the result of being blown.

   In the harbor, the ships' horns blew.

   • a. 1645, John Milton, “Il Penseroso”, in Poems of Mr. John Milton, […], London: […] Ruth Raworth for Humphrey Mosely, […], published 1646, OCLC 606951673, page 43:

     There let the pealing organ blow,

10. (intransitive, of a cetacean) To exhale visibly through the spout the seawater which it has taken in while feeding.

    There's nothing more thrilling to the whale watcher than to see a whale surface and blow.

    There she blows! (i.e. "I see a whale spouting!")

    • 1886, Peter Christen Asbjørnsen, H.L. Brækstad, transl., Folk and Fairy Tales, page 184:

      Soon after he [a porpoise] appeared again, blowing very hard, but the next moment he turned over; Rasmus was not slow in putting the boat-hook in him and hauling him into the boat with my assistance.

11. (intransitive) To explode.

    Get away from that burning gas tank! It's about to blow!

12. (transitive, with "up" or with prep phrase headed by "to") To cause to explode, shatter, or be utterly destroyed.

    The demolition squad neatly blew the old hotel up.

    The aerosol can was blown to bits.

    • 2022 January 12, Benedict le Vay, “The heroes of Soham...”, in RAIL, number 948, page 42:

      However, something once happened on the railway there which showed the the very best of mankind: heroism, duty, self-sacrifice and calm professionalism under terrible pressure. It is a story which gives us far, far better reasons for remembering this attractive little town, which without these heroes would have been blown to smithereens in a gigantic explosion. (Two railwaymen lost their lives in 1944 when a wagon in an ammunition train caught fire かつ blew up, an even worse disaster was averted however.)

13. (transitive, historical, military, of a person) To blow from a gun.
14. (transitive) To cause the sudden destruction of.

    He blew the tires and the engine.

15. (intransitive) To suddenly fail destructively.

    He tried to sprint, but his ligaments blew and he was barely able to walk to the finish line.

16. (transitive, slang) To recklessly squander.
    • 1932, Delos W. Lovelace, King Kong, published 1965, page 136:

      ‘Holy Mackerel, Ann! I’m certainly glad we blew ourselves for that outfit of yours.’

    I managed to blow $1000 at blackjack in under an hour.

    I blew $35 thou on a car.

    We blew an opportunity to get benign corporate sponsorship.

17. (transitive, informal, idiomatic) To fail at something; to mess up; to make a mistake.

    I blew it and forgot to start the spaghetti, so I had plenty of sauce and no pasta.

    Good luck, and don't blow it!

    • 2014, Daniel Taylor, "World Cup 2014: Uruguay sink England as Suárez makes his mark," guardian.co.uk, 20 June:

      Hodgson’s team attracted a certain amount of sympathy and understanding after the Italy defeat but it was beyond them to play with the same attacking panache and, if there is to be a feat of escapology, it will need an almost implausible combination of results and handouts in the final games of Group D. More realistically, they have blown it in their first week.

18. (intransitive) (used to express displeasure または frustration) Damn.
    • 1908 October, Kenneth Grahame, “The River Bank”, in The Wind in the Willows, New York, N.Y.: Charles Scribner’s Sons, OCLC 305520, pages 1–2:

      [H]e suddenly flung down his brush on the floor, said 'Bother!' and 'Oh blow!' and also 'Hang spring-cleaning!' and bolted out of the house without even waiting to put on his coat.

19. (intransitive, slang, sometimes considered vulgar) To be very undesirable.

    Synonym: suck

    This blows!

20. (transitive, vulgar) To fellate; to perform oral sex on (usually a man).

    Who did you have to blow to get those backstage passes?

    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:give head

21. (transitive, slang) To leave, especially suddenly or in a hurry.

    Let's blow this joint.

22. (transitive) To make flyblown, to defile, especially with fly eggs.
    • c. 1606–1607, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Anthonie and Cleopatra”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act V, scene ii], page 365, column 1:

      Shall they hoyſt me vp,
      And ſhew me to the ſhowting Varlotarie
      Of cenſuring Rome? Rather a ditch in Egypt,
      Be gentle graue vnto me, rather on Nylus mudde
      Lay me ſtarke-nak'd, and let the water-Flies
      Blow me into abhorring;

    • 1610–1611, William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act III, scene i], page 11, column 1:

      Fer. I am, in my condition
      A Prince (Miranda) I do thinke a King
      (I would not ſo) and would no more endure
      This wodden ſlauerie, then to ſuffer
      The fleſh-flie blow my mouth: heare my ſoule ſpeake.

    • 1938, Norman Lindsay, Age of Consent, Sydney: Ure Smith, published 1962, page 78:

      That decision was given an added kick by fury when he found that Podson had left the safe door open, and flies had blown the meat.

23. (obsolete) To spread by report; to publish; to disclose.
    • 1700, [John] Dryden, “Palamon and Arcite: Or, The Knight’s Tale. In Three Books.”, in Fables Ancient and Modern; […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], OCLC 228732415:

      Through the court his courtesy was blown.

24. (obsolete) To inflate, as with pride; to puff up.
    • c. 1601–1602, William Shakespeare, “Twelfe Night, or VVhat You VVill”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act II, scene v], page 263, column 2:

      O peace, now he's deepely in: looke how imagination blowes him.

25. (intransitive) To breathe hard or quick; to pant; to puff.
    • c. 1597, William Shakespeare, “The Merry VViues of VVindsor”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act III, scene iii], page 58, column 1:

      Rob. Miſtris Ford, Miſtris Ford: heere's Miſtris Page at the doore, ſsweating, and blowing, and looking wildely, and would needs ſpeake with you preſently.

26. (transitive) To put out of breath; to cause to blow from fatigue.
27. (dated) To talk loudly; boast; storm.
    • 1866 February 6, Mark Twain, “Remarkable Dream”, in Virginia City Territorial Enterprise:

      I don't want the worst characters in hell to be running after me with friendly messages and little testimonials of admiration for Smythe, and blowing about his talents, and bragging on him, and belching their villainous fire and brimstone all through the atmosphere and making my place smell worse than a menagerie.

    • a. 1940, Mildred Haun, "Shin-Bone Rocks" in The Hawk's Done Gone p. 218:

      He didn't just set around and try to out sweettalk somebody; he got out and out-fit somebody. He wouldn't be blowing when he told his boys how he fit for the woman he got.

    • 1969, Charles Ambrose McCarthy, The Great Molly Maguire Hoax (page 113)

      At the breaking edge with him and completely fed up with his everlasting bragging and blowing about his personal exploits, and desirous of putting him somewhere, anywhere, so they wouldn't be continuously annoyed by him, […]

    • 1976, David Toulmin, Blown Seed (page 148)

      Audie never liked him because he was further in with old Craig than he was, bragging and blowing about his work and the things he could do, while Audie sat quiet as a mouse listening to his blab.

28. (slang, informal, African-American Vernacular) To sing.

    That girl has a wonderful voice; just listen to her blow!

29. (Scientology, intransitive) To leave the Church of Scientology in an unauthorized manner.

派生語

名詞

blow (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 blows)

1. A strong wind.

   We're having a bit of a blow this afternoon.

2. (informal) A chance to catch one’s breath.

   The players were able to get a blow during the last timeout.

3. (uncountable, US, slang) Cocaine.

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:cocaine

   • 2001, David McKenna, Blow, spoken by Derek:

     Jesus Christ, George, I don't see you for two years and you show up on my doorstep with 110 pounds of blow.

4. (uncountable, UK, slang) Cannabis.

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:marijuana

5. (uncountable, 米国用法 Chicago Regional, slang) Heroin.

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:heroin

6. (informal, vulgar) A blowjob; fellatio

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:oral sex

   His girlfriend gave him a blow.

語源 2

From Middle English blo, bloo, from 古期英語 blāw (“blue”), from Proto-Germanic *blēwaz (“blue, dark blue, grey, black”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰlēw- (“yellow, blond, grey”). Cognate with Latin flavus (“yellow”). Doublet of blue.

形容詞

blow (comparative blower または more blow, superlative blowest または most blow)

2. (now chiefly dialectal, Northern England) Blue.

語源 3

From Middle English blowe, blaw, northern variant of blēwe, from Proto-Germanic *blewwaną (“to beat”) (compare Old Norse blegði (“wedge”), German einbläuen, Middle Dutch blouwen). Related to block.

名詞

blow (複数形 blows)

1. The act of striking or hitting.

   Synonyms: bace, strike, hit, punch

   A fabricator is used to direct a sharp blow to the surface of the stone.

   During an exchange to end round 13, Duran landed a blow to the midsection.

2. A sudden or forcible act or effort; an assault.
   • 1838-1842', Thomas Arnold, History of Rome

     A vigorous blow might win [Hanno's camp].

3. A damaging occurrence.

   Synonyms: disaster, calamity

   A further blow to the group came in 1917 when Thomson died while canoeing in Algonquin Park.

   • c. 1603–1606, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of King Lear”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act IV, scene vi]:

     a most poor man, made tame to fortune's blows

   • 2011 April 15, Saj Chowdhury, “Norwich 2 - 1 Nott'm Forest”, in BBC Sport‎^[1]:

     Norwich returned to second in the Championship with victory over Nottingham Forest, whose promotion hopes were dealt another blow.

4. (Australia, shearing, historical) A cut made to a sheep's fleece by a shearer using hand-shears.
   • 1891 December 5, The Bacchus Marsh Express, page 7, column 7:

     Click goes his shears; click, click, click.
     Wide are the blows, and his hand is moving quick,
     The ringer looks round, for he lost it by a blow,
     And he curses that old shearer with the bare belled ewe.

派生語

語源 4

From Middle English blowen, from 古期英語 blōwan, from Proto-Germanic *blōaną (compare Dutch bloeien, German blühen), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰleh₃- (compare Latin florēre (“to bloom”)).

動詞

blow (三人称単数 現在形 blows, 現在分詞 blowing, 過去形 blew, 過去分詞 blown)

2. To blossom; to cause to bloom or blossom.
   • 1598–1599 (first performance), William Shakespeare, “Much Adoe about Nothing”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act IV, scene i], column 2:

     You ſeeme to me as Diane in her Orbe, / As chaſte as is the budde ere it be blowne:

   • 1667, John Milton, “Book V”, in Paradise Lost. A Poem Written in Ten Books, London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […], OCLC 228722708; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, OCLC 230729554:

     How blows the citron grove.

   • 1784, William Cowper, Tirocinium; or, A Review of Schools:

     Boys are at best but pretty buds unblown, / Whose scent and hues are rather guessed than known;

   • 1859, Edward Fitzgerald, The Rubáiyát of Omar Khayyám: The Astronomer-Poet of Persia, page 2:

     Irám indeed is gone with all its Rose,
     And Jamshýd's Sev'n-ring'd Cup where no one knows;
     But still the Vine her ancient Ruby yields,
     And still a Garden by the Water blows.

   • 2015 January 26, Mark Diacono, “How to grow and cook cauliflower, 2015's trendiest veg”, in The Daily Telegraph (Gardening)‎^[2]:

     Romanesco is slow to blow and more forgiving to grow than most cauliflowers, while being perhaps the most delicious and certainly the nuttiest-flavoured of the lot.

派生語

• full-blown

名詞

blow (複数形 blows)

1. A mass or display of flowers; a yield.
   • 1710, Joseph Addison, “From my own apartment, August 29”, in The Tatler‎^[3], page 181:

     […] for that he believed he could shew me such a blow of tulips as was not to be matched in the whole country.

2. A display of anything brilliant or bright.
3. A bloom, state of flowering.

   Roses in full blow.

関連する語

• ablow
• elder-blow