英和和英

発音

• IPA^(key): /ˈsɛtbæk/

語源

From the verb phrase set back.

名詞

setback (複数形 setbacks)

1. An obstacle, delay, disadvantage, blow (an adverse event which retards または prevents progress towards a desired outcome)

   After some initial setbacks, the expedition went safely on its way.

   • 2021 November 17, Nop Meechukhun, “Thailand’s Constitutional Court rules Section 1448 of heterosexual marriages lawful, LGBTQ rights groups ‘disappointed’”, in The Pattaya News‎^[1], Bangkok: The Pattaya News Company Limited, retrieved 2021-11-17:

     The Constitutional Court has ruled today, November 17th, that Section 1448 of the Thai Civil and Commercial, stating that “a marriage can take place only between a man and a woman”, is constitutional under the Thai constitutional law. This decision could be a major setback for many Thai LGBTQ activist groups’ continued journey of what they call basic human rights to legally allow same-sex marriages in Thailand.

2. (US) The required distance between a structure and a road.
3. (architecture) A step-like recession in a wall.

   Setbacks were initially used for structural reasons, but now are often mandated by land use codes.

4. An offset to the temperature setting of a thermostat to cover a period when more or less heating is required than usual.
   • 1980, Popular Science (volume 217, number 4)

     Fuel savings from thermostat setbacks have long been accepted as fact, but little documentation existed to support it.

5. (possibly archaic) A backset; a countercurrent; an eddy.
6. (archaic) A backset; a check; a repulse; a relapse.

動詞

set back (三人称単数 現在形 sets back, 現在分詞 setting back, 過去形および過去分詞形 set back)

1. (transitive) To delay or obstruct.

   I expect it will set us back by a day or so, but I think a side trip will be worthwhile.

   Having the mindset that you "can't" reach your goals is only going to set you back.

   • 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter IV, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., OCLC 222716698, page 51:

     “Well,” I answered, at first with uncertainty, then with inspiration, “he would do splendidly to lead your cotillon, if you think of having one.” ¶ “So you do not dance, Mr. Crocker?” ¶ I was somewhat set back by her perspicuity.

2. (transitive) To remove from or allow distance.

   Set it back from the road by twenty or thirty feet.

3. (transitive) To install or position behind a boundary or surface, or in a recess.

   The statue was set back in a niche.

4. (transitive, idiomatic) To cost money.

   How much do you suppose that fancy dress set her back?

5. To reverse, go backwards.
   • 1939 December, John D. Hewitt, “Some Notable British Main Lines: II. Salisbury and Exeter, S.R.”, in Railway Magazine, page 412:

     Before the platforms were extended up to the actual junction, branch trains had to set back into a bay.