-ateとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

First attested in the 15th century; borrowed from Latin -ātus, perfect passive participle ending of first conjugation verbs and forming participial adjectives from nouns. Before a suffix, introduced in 中期英語, Latin-borrowed participial adjectives were written with final -at (中期英語 desolat for modern desolate) and could also be used as past participles (see generate or communicate for remnants of it) with or without a corresponding verb ending in -aten, see Etymology 2. Doublet of -ee and, distantly, of -ed.

接尾辞

-ate (adjective-forming suffix, comparative more -ate, superlative most -ate)

1. forms adjectives with meaning "having the specified thing"

   Synonyms: -ed, -ous

   lobate — “having lobes, lobed”

2. forms adjectives with meaning "characterized by the specified thing"

   Italianate — “characterized by Italian features”

3. forms adjectives with meaning "resembling the specified thing"

   palmate — “resembling the palm”

接尾辞

-ate

1. (obsolete) formed, up until Early Modern English (later seldom used but archaically, in poetry, or in religious writings), regular past participles of verbs ending in -ate, alternatively used alongside -ated from as early as Middle English

派生語

語源 2

See Etymology 1. In 中期英語, verbs were derived from Latin-borrowed participial adjectives (also used as their past participles) and written with final -aten (see -en; 中期英語 desolaten for modern desolate). In the 15th century, the loss of most verbal morphology made verbs formally identical to adjectives; this led to the heteronymy of 中期英語 verbs in -aten with their corresponding past participles, numerous adjectives in -ate being used as verbs, and, in the late 16th century, the systematic borrowing of such Latin participles as English verbs. The sheer number of newly borrowed verbs from Latin ending in -ate later gave rise to -ate's productivity as a verbal suffix.

接尾辞

-ate (verb-forming suffix, third-person singular simple present -ates, present participle -ating, simple past and past participle -ated)

1. derives verbs (mostly) from Latin stems

   formulate ← fōrmula

   phonate ← φωνή (phōnḗ)

派生語

関連する語

語源 3

From the substantivization of perfect passive participle of first conjugation Latin verbs; see Etymology 1. Partly taken from French animate substantives that began to be Latinized during the 14th century: see French avoué and its re-Latinized version avocat, whence English advocate which underwent further re-Latinization. Partly from inanimate substantives taken from neuter forms of Latin participles: see mandate. French -é (e.g., avoué, employé) later gave English -ee.

接尾辞

-ate (noun-forming suffix, plural -ates)

1. (rare) forms nouns meaning "person or thing that is either the object of a performed transitive verb or the subject of an intransitive one"

   Synonym: -ee

   affiliate — “a person having been affiliated; literally, affiliated”

   ‎diffus(e) + ‎-ate → ‎diffusate (“in a process of dialysis, material that has diffused”)

2. (obsolete) forms nouns meaning "person or thing that is the subject of a transitive verb" (Can we verify this sense?)

   ‎assassin + ‎-ate → ‎assassinate (“an assassin”)

3. (biology) forms nouns meaning "specimen of a corresponding taxon ending in -ata"

   articulate — “An animal of the taxon Articulata”

派生語

語源 4

From the substantivization of perfect passive participle from first conjugation Latin verbs; see Etymology 1. Used so to denote a product having been subjected to the said chemical and thus derived by it (e.g. plumbum acētātum (“acetated lead”) → acetate (“an acetated product; a salt or ester of acetic acid”)).

接尾辞

-ate (noun-forming suffix, plural -ates)

1. (chemistry) forms derivatives of specified elements or compounds; especially salts or esters of an acid whose name ends in -ic

   acetate — “a salt or ester of acetic acid”

派生語

語源 5

From the Latin abstract-noun-forming suffix -ātus, -ātūs.

接尾辞

-ate (noun-forming suffix, plural -ates)

1. forms nouns denoting a rank or office

   emirate — “the office of an emir”

2. forms nouns denoting the concrete charge, context of a rank or office

   emirate — “the realm of an emir”

3. forms nouns denoting a group of officials associated with a rank or office

   triumvirate — “an official group of three men, triumvirs”

4. forms nouns denoting a social or political system ruled by people or someone of a certain rank or office

   patriarchate — “a social system in which heads of household (patriarchs) hold the power”

5. forms nouns denoting a state (government) ruled by people or someone of a certain rank or office

   emirate — “a state ruled by an emir”

6. forms nouns denoting a state associated with one's social situation

   celibate — “the state of being a bachelor, celibacy”

   Synonym: -cy

派生語

アナグラム

• eta, æt., eat, Tea, AET, aet, tea, a.e.t., ETA, aet., TEA

参照

語源 1

接尾辞

-āte

1. second-person plural present active imperative of -ō (first conjugation)