caterとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From 中期英語 catour (“acater, provisioner”), aphetic form of acatour (“acater”), from Old French acater (“to buy, to purchase”). Equivalent to cate +‎ -er.

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈkeɪtə/
• (General American) IPA: /ˈkeɪɾɚ/
• (Indic) IPA: /ˈkeʈə(ɾ)/, /ˈkaʈə(ɾ)/
• 韻: -eɪtə(ɹ), (Indic, also) -ætə(ɹ)

動詞

cater (third-person singular simple present caters, present participle catering, simple past and past participle catered)

1. To provide, particularly:
   • a. 1635, Thomas Randolph, Poems, On the Inestimable Content He Injoyes, page 4:

     Noe widdowes curse caters a dish of mine.

   1. (ambitransitive) To provide with food, especially for a special occasion as a professional service.

      I catered for her bat mitzvah.

      His company catered our wedding.

      • a. 1616, William Shakespeare, As You Like It, act 2, scene 3, lines 45 ff.:

        He that doth the Rauens feede,
        Yea prouidently caters for the Sparrow.

   2. (intransitive, figurative, with 'to') To provide anything required or desired, often (derogatory) to pander.

      I always wanted someone to cater to my every whim.

      • 1840, William Makepeace Thackeray, The Paris Sketch Book, volume 2, page 16:

        Art... was... catering to the national taste and vanity.

      • 2016 July 14, Mark Hay, “Datagasm”, in Aeon:

        And on the other side of the enter key, they would almost invariably find forums collectively celebrating individuals’ secret desires, or enterprising smut-mongers catering directly to them.

   • 2020, Pamela Dickey Young, Heather Shipley, “Emerging-Adult Opinions on Religion and Sexuality”, in Identities Under Construction: Religion, Gender, and Sexuality among Youth in Canada, McGill-Queen’s University Press, →ISBN, pages 59–60:

     Priya’s parents’ Hinduism seemed to present conflicting views of sex: […] What people don’t know about the Kama Sutra is that it’s actually a text that … very heavily caters to Madonna/whore complexes. That it’s actually quite misogynistic. And that it’s actually catered more for male pleasure and … males always will have the upper hand according to the Kama Sutra.

   1. (intransitive, figurative, with 'for') To tailor something to an intended audience.

      The business caters for young professionals.

      • 1898, The Hotel/Motor Hotel Monthly, volume 6, page 27:

        A gents' toilet room might be found in a house that caters for the cheaper class of theatrical patronage, where the slangy language of the "goin' to the mat this aft?" style prevails. A gents toilet room is not found in the Southern Hotel. It either "men's" or "gentlemen's".

      • 1998, Sherry Saggers, Dennis Gray, Dealing with Alcohol: Indigenous Usage in Australia, New Zealand and Canada, page 108:

        The former were catered for both by liquor stores and, to a lesser extent, by the bottle shops of hotels.

   • 2022 February 10, Zhuang Pinghui, “Omicron cases crash in ‘vital window’ for China city Baise’s outbreak battle”, in South China Morning Post‎, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 10 February 2022, Science‎:

     Huludao’s Xingcheng county and two districts have ordered entertainment venues such as theatres and cinemas to close, while restaurants are not to offer banqueting services or cater for large gatherings.

派生語

名詞

cater (plural caters)

1. (obsolete) Synonym of acater: an officer who purchased cates (food supplies) for the steward of a large household or estate.
   • c. 1400, Gamelyn, ll. 321 ff.:

     I am oure Catour and bere oure Alther purse.

   • 1512, Account Book of the Hospital of St. John, Canterbury (1510–1556):

     Rec. for iij calvys off þe cater of Crystis Cherche.

2. (obsolete) Synonym of caterer: any provider of food.
   • c. 1430, John Lydgate translating Giovanni Boccaccio, The Fall of Princes‎, Bk. VII, Ch. x, l. 161:

     Of his diete catour was scarsite...

3. (figurative, obsolete) Synonym of purveyor: any provider of anything.
   • 1590, Robert Greene, Greenes Mourning Garment, page 28:

     The eye is loues Cator.

別の表記

• catour, cator, kater, chator (obsolete)

語源 2

Probably ultimately from French quatre (“four”), possibly via cater (“change-ringing”), although Liberman argues for a derivation from a North Germanic prefix meaning "crooked, angled, clumsy" from which he also derives cater-cousin and, via Norse, Old Irish cittach (“left-handed, awkward”). He finds this more likely than extension of the dice and change-ringing term cater as an adverb, given the likely cognates in other Germanic languages. Caterpillar and caterwaul are unrelated, being derived from cognates to cat, but may have influenced the pronunciation of Liberman's proposed earlier *cate- or undergone similar sound changes.

動詞

cater (third-person singular simple present caters, present participle catering, simple past and past participle catered)

1. (UK dialect) To place, set, move, or cut diagonally or rhomboidally.
   • 1577, Barnaby Googe transl. Conrad Heresbach, Foure Bookes of Husbandry, Bk. II, fol. 69v:

     The trees are set checkerwise, and so catred [Latin: partim in quincuncem directis], as looke which way ye wyl, they lye leuel.

   • 1873, Silverland, page 129:

     ‘Cater’ across the rails ever so cleverly, you cannot escape jolt and jar.

副詞

cater (not comparable)

1. (UK dialect, US) Diagonally.
   • 1881, Sebastian Evans, Leicestershire Words, Phrases, and Proverbs, s.v. "Cater and Cater-cornered":

     Cater and Cater-cornered, diagonal; diagonally. To ‘cut cater’ in the case of velvet, cloth, etc., is... ‘cut on the cross’. Cater-snozzle, to make an angle; to ‘mitre’.

派生語

• cater-corner, catercross, cater-snozzle, caterways, caterwise, cut cater

語源 3

From French quatre (“four”). Doublet of cuatro.

発音

• (英国発音) IPA: /ˈkeɪtə/, /ˈkatə/
• (米国発音) IPA: /ˈkeɪtəɹ/

名詞

cater (plural caters)

1. (rare, obsolete) Four.
   • 1553, Thomas Wilson, The Arte of Rhetorique..., page 86:

     The auditour... cometh in with sise sould, and cater denere, for vi.s. and iiii.d.

2. (card games, dice games, obsolete) The four of cards or dice.
   • 1519, William Horman, Vulgaria, fol. 280v:

     Cater is a very good caste.

3. (music) A method of ringing nine bells in four pairs with a ninth tenor bell.
   • 1872, Henry Thomas Ellacombe, The Bells of Church, page 29:

     The very terms of the art are enough to frighten an amateur. Hunting, dodging... caters, cinques, etc.

   • 1878, George Grove, A Dictionary of Music and Musicians, s.v. "Cater":

     Cater... The name given by change ringers to changes of nine bells. The word should probably be written quaters, as it is meant to denote the fact that four couples of bells change their places in the order of ringing.

別の表記

• catre, quatre

等位語

• ace, deuce, trey, cinque, sice

派生語

• cater-point, cater-trey

参照

• “† ’cater, n¹.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1889.
• “cater, n²., adv., v¹., and v².”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1889.
• “cater”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
• “cater”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• "Kitty-corner" in Anatoly Liberman's Analytic Dictionary of English Etymology, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2008, →ISBN, pp. 133–135.

アナグラム

• Carte, reäct, creat, acter, Certa, carte, crate, caret, react, Trace, trace, recta