fuseとは意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From Italian fuso and French fusée, from Latin fūsus (“spindle”).

名詞

fuse (複数形 fuses)

1. A cord that, when lit, conveys the fire to some explosive device.
   • 1962 October, “Talking of Trains: Passed to you, Mr. Macmillan”, in Modern Railways, page 220:

     The Government, having lit the fuse, is not going to be allowed to flee the explosion.

3. (manufacturing, mining, military) The mechanism that ignites the charge in an explosive device; a detonator.

   Synonym: fuze

4. (figuratively) A tendency to lose one's temper.

   When talking about being laid off, he has a short fuse.

5. A friction match for smokers' use, having a bulbous head which when ignited is not easily blown out even in a gale of wind.
6. A kind of match made of paper impregnated with niter and having the usual igniting tip.

使用する際の注意点

Professional publications about explosives and munitions distinguish the fuse and fuze spellings. The latter is preferred for the sense “mechanism that ignites the charge”.

派生語

• short fuse

動詞

fuse (三人称単数 現在形 fuses, 現在分詞 fusing, 過去形および過去分詞形 fused)

1. To furnish with or install a fuse to an explosive device (see Usage notes for noun above)

語源 2

Back-formation from fusion (“to melt”), first to verbal sense, then noun.

名詞

fuse (複数形 fuses)

2. (electrical engineering) A device to prevent excessive overcurrent from overload or short circuit in an electrical circuit, containing a component that melts and interrupts the current when too high a load is passed through it.

派生語

• blow a fuse
• fusebox
• fuse wire

動詞

fuse (三人称単数 現在形 fuses, 現在分詞 fusing, 過去形および過去分詞形 fused)

2. (transitive) To liquify by heat; melt.
   • 1891, Dmitri Mendeleev, The Principles of Chemistry (1905) 3rd edition, Vol. 2, p.553, Tr. George Kamensky, of Основы химии (1867)

     Pure sodium is a lustrous metal... it fuses very easily at a temperature of 97°, and distils at a bright red heat (742°...)

4. (transitive) To melt together; to blend; to mix indistinguishably.
   • 1960 January, “Talking of Trains: N.& W.-Virginian merger”, in Trains Illustrated, page 9:

     Actually the New York, New Haven and Hartford, Boston & Maine, Maine Central, Bangor & Aroostook and Rutland Railroads already are doing so; if they are fused, they would have a combined route mileage of 5,269 and assets totalling £318 million, [...].

5. (intransitive) To melt together.
6. (transitive, electricity) To furnish with or install a fuse to protect a circuit against overcurrent.
7. (transitive, electricity, of a circuit) To have been protected against overcurrent by its fuse melting away, creating a gap in the wire, thus stopping the circuit from operating.

   When the bath overflowed, the downstairs lights fused, so we need a torch.

8. (organic chemistry) To form a bicyclic compound from two similar or different types of ring such that two or more atoms are shared between the resulting rings

同意語

• (mix indistinguishably): See also Thesaurus:homogenize
• (melt together): meld, smelt