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Wiktionary英語版での「luxus」の意味 |
luxus
発音
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈluːk.sus/, [ˈɫ̪uːks̠ʊs̠] or IPA(key): /ˈluk.sus/, [ˈɫ̪ʊks̠ʊs̠]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈluk.sus/, [ˈluksus]
- De Vaan reconstructs the stem vowel as short, despite noting that this would be difficult to explain as the word meets the conditions for Lachmann's law to apply. In contrast, Bennett marks it long, appealing to Romance descendants[1], although Bennett also gives luxus as an example of a word where it is difficult to decide whether the forms encountered in Romance are popular or learned[2].
語源 1
Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *lewg- (“bend, twist”) (whence also luctor (“wrestle”)). De Vaan reconstructs Proto-Indo-European *lug-so-s and Proto-Italic *luksos and assumes an absence of Lachmann's lengthening.[3] Cognate with Sanskrit रुग्ण (rugṇá, “bent, broken”), Ancient Greek λύγος (lúgos, “twig, withe”) and λοξός (loxós, “slanting, crosswise”), Lithuanian lugnas, Old Norse lykna.
形容詞
lū̆xus (feminine lū̆xa, neuter lū̆xum); first/second-declension adjective
語形変化
First/second-declension adjective.
| Number | Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case / Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
| Nominative | lū̆xus | lū̆xa | lū̆xum | lū̆xī | lū̆xae | lū̆xa | |
| Genitive | lū̆xī | lū̆xae | lū̆xī | lū̆xōrum | lū̆xārum | lū̆xōrum | |
| Dative | lū̆xō | lū̆xō | lū̆xīs | ||||
| Accusative | lū̆xum | lū̆xam | lū̆xum | lū̆xōs | lū̆xās | lū̆xa | |
| Ablative | lū̆xō | lū̆xā | lū̆xō | lū̆xīs | |||
| Vocative | lū̆xe | lū̆xa | lū̆xum | lū̆xī | lū̆xae | lū̆xa | |
派生語
語源 2
Abstract u-stem noun (see -tus) formed on the same stem as the adjective luxus, from Proto-Indo-European *lewg- (“bend, twist”).
名詞
lū̆xus m (genitive lū̆xūs); fourth declension
語形変化
Fourth-declension noun.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | lū̆xus | lū̆xūs |
| Genitive | lū̆xūs | lū̆xuum |
| Dative | lū̆xuī | lū̆xibus |
| Accusative | lū̆xum | lū̆xūs |
| Ablative | lū̆xū | lū̆xibus |
| Vocative | lū̆xus | lū̆xūs |
派生語
派生した語
- → Catalan: luxe
- Italian: lusso
- Piedmontese: lusso
- Old Galician-Portuguese: luxo
- Romanian: lux
- Sardinian: luscu
- Sicilian: lussu
- Old Spanish: luxo
- → Alemannic German: Luxus
- → Czech: luxus
- → Danish: luksus
- → Finnish: luksus
- → French: luxe
- → German: Luxus
- → Hungarian: luxus
- → Icelandic: lúxus
- → Luxembourgish: Luxus
- → Macedonian: луксуз (luksuz)
- → Norwegian: luksus
- → Polish: luksus
- → Russian: люкс (ljuks)
- → Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic script: луксуз, луксус
- Latin script: luksuz, luksus
参照
- ^ Bennett, Charles E. (1907) The Latin Language: a historical outline of its sounds, inflections, and syntax, Boston: Allyn and Bacon, page 60
- ^ Bennett, Charles E. (1907) The Latin Language: a historical outline of its sounds, inflections, and syntax, Boston: Allyn and Bacon, page 39
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “luxus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 356
Further reading
- “luxus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “luxus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- luxus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius かつ others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
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