英和和英

発音

• (General American) IPA: /bif/
• (英国発音) IPA: /biːf/
• 韻: -iːf

名詞

beef (countable and uncountable, plural beef or beefs or beeves)

1. (uncountable) The meat from cattle or other bovines; especially, that from adults.

   Synonyms: cowflesh, oxflesh

   Hypernyms: meat < food < substance, material, stuff

   Hyponym: veal (often construed as coordinate)

   Coordinate terms: pork, mutton, lamb, poultry, chicken

   I love eating beef.

   He was cooking beef for lunch.

   • 2008, Red Jordan Arobateau, Leader of the Pack, page 136:

     But the cars & trucks held cartons of roast chickens, slabs of cheeses, loaves of bread, racks of hotdogs, case upon case of soft drinks, cases of bottled sparkling water, pies, cakes, roast beefs & baked hams.

   1. (in the meat industry, on product packaging) The edible portions of a cow (including those which are not meat).

      lean finely textured beef

      boneless lean beef trimmings

      • 2024 October 3, Jordan Valinsky, “McDonald’s is finally selling the Chicken Big Mac in the US”, in CNN‎:

        McDonald’s has been vocal about adding more chicken to its menu, which is generally cheaper than beef. CEO Chris Kempczinski said in its most recent earnings call that it’s focused on adding “growth drivers like chicken” in an attempt to reverse slumping sales. Chicken is now on par with beef sales at its restaurants, he added.

   2. (by extension, slang, uncountable) Muscle or musculature; size, strength or potency.

      Put some beef into it! We've got to get the car over the bump.

      We've got to get some beef into the enforcement provisions of that law.

   3. (figurative, slang, uncountable) Essence, content; the important part of a document or project.

      Synonym: meat

      The beef of his paper was a long rant about government.

2. (uncountable) Bovine animals.
   • 2010 October 21, “Who's the real McCoy? Abilene's Joseph in 8 Wonders contest”, in Abilene Recorder Chronicle:

     However, there were millions of head of beef roaming the plains of Texas.

3. (now chiefly Canada, US, countable, now uncommon, plural beeves) A bovine (cow or bull) being raised for its meat.

   Do you want to raise beeves?

   • 1601, C[aius] Plinius Secundus [i.e., Pliny the Elder], “[Book VIII.] Of Scythian beasts, and those that are bred in the North parts.”, in Philemon Holland, transl., The Historie of the World. Commonly Called, The Naturall Historie of C. Plinius Secundus. […], 1st tome, London: […] Adam Islip, →OCLC, pages 199–200:

     Howbeit, that country bringeth forth certain kinds of goodly great wild bœufes: to wit, the Biſontes, mained with a collar, like Lions: and the Vri, a mightie ſtrong beaſt, and a ſwift: which the ignorant people call Buffles, whereas indeed the Buffle is bred in Affrica, and carieth ſome reſemblance of a calfe rather, or a ſtag.

   • 1791, Homer, “[The Iliad.] Book XV.”, in W[illiam] Cowper, transl., The Iliad and Odyssey of Homer, Translated into Blank Verse, […], volume I, London: […] J[oseph] Johnson, […], →OCLC, page 394, lines 398–401:

     As when two lions in the ſtill dark night / An herd of beeves ſcatter or num'rous flock / Suddenly, in the abſence of the guard, / So fled the heartleſs Greeks, […]

   • 1903 March, Henry Mason Baum, Frederick Bennett Wright, George Frederick Wright, Records of the Past, volume II, part III, page 87, translating the laws of Hammurabi:

     263. If he [one to whom a beef or sheep is loaned] ruins the beef or sheep that was loaned him, he is to return to the owner a beef for a beef and a sheep for a sheep.

   • 1920–1930, Photo in the North Dakota State Museum:

     Cutting out a Beef for branding

   • 2012, Bart Reilly, quotee, “Beef”, in Ontario Dialects Project‎, Toronto: University of Toronto, archived from the original on 5 July 2022:

     I remember I killed a beef one time by myself.

4. (slang, uncountable or countable, plural beefs) A grudge; dislike (of something or someone); lack of faith or trust (in something or someone); a reason for a dislike or grudge. (often + with)

   He's got beef over what you said.

   He's got a beef with everyone in the room.

   Remember what happened last fall? That's his beef with me.

   • 1997, “Going Back to Cali”, in Life After Death, performed by The Notorious B.I.G.:

     All I got is beef with those that violate me / I shall annihilate thee

5. (prison slang) A criminal charge.
   • 1986 February 15, Ed Mead, “untitled”, in Gay Commmunity News‎, volume 7, number 29, page 8:

     I'm in prison for attempting to kill two police officers (a genuine bum beef) and am alleged to be a part of a group of mad bombers.

   • 1986 February 15, Ed Mead, “untitled”, in Gay Commmunity News‎, volume 7, number 29, page 9:

     The man most recently murdered is said to have been a key defense witness in the trial of two other Indians facing hanging beefs for their alleged killing of a guard.

6. (Dorset) Fibrous calcite or limestone, especially when occurring in a jagged layer between shales in Dorset.
   • 1895, Geological Survey of Great Britain, The Jurassic Rocks of Britain: Pub. by Order of the Lords Commissioners of Her Majesty's Treasury, page 243:

     Clays, shales, sands, red and green marls, and alum shale, with occasional layers of "beef" (fibrous carbonate of lime) […] Chief "Beef" Beds, Dark (alum) shales with "beef" and selenite, beds of limestone, and layers of perished shells. Cyrena and Cyrides.
     Corbula Beds. Layers of shelly limestone, shale, alum shale, and marl, with "beef" and selenite.

   • 1993, Dorset Natural History and Archaeological Society, Proceedings - Dorset Natural History and Archaeological Society, volumes 114-115, page 190:

     Medium-grey paper shales with beef.

   • 2007 May 10, Robin McInnes, Jenny Jakeways, Helen Fairbank, Emma Mathie, Landslides and Climate Change: Challenges and Solutions: Proceedings of the International Conference on Landslides and Climate Change, Ventnor, Isle of Wight, UK, 21-24 May 2007, CRC Press, →ISBN, page 421:

     […] beds of limestone and thin layers of 'beef' (fibrous calcite) […]

使用する際の注意点

A calf is a bovine, so, technically, the flesh of a calf, used for food, is beef. However, it is not common to use this term for the flesh of a calf; instead, it is referred to with the more specific term veal.

派生語

関連する語

• bovine

派生した語

• → Hawaiian: pipi
• → Māori: pīwhi
• → Portuguese: bife
  • Macanese: bife
  • → Tetum: bife
• → Spanish: bife

参考

• beefwood

動詞

beef (third-person singular simple present beefs, present participle beefing, simple past and past participle beefed)

1. (intransitive, slang) To complain.
   • 1960, P[elham] G[renville] Wodehouse, chapter X, in Jeeves in the Offing, London: Herbert Jenkins, →OCLC:

     “Don't you like the Red Room?” “The Red Room!” I gathered from his manner that he had not come to beef about his sleeping accommodation.

   • 2006, Noire [pseudonym], Thug-A-Licious: An Urban Erotic Tale, New York, N.Y.: One World, Ballantine Books, →ISBN, page 131:

     "Who's Precious?" she beefed when she saw the big tattoo running down my inner arm.

2. (transitive, slang) To add weight or strength to.

   Synonym: beef up

   • 1969, Hot Rod, volume 22, page 59:

     First off, the axle housing was beefed by welding areas where extreme loading is evident (black marked areas).

3. (intransitive, slang) To fart; break wind.

   Ugh, who just beefed in here?

4. (intransitive, chiefly Yorkshire) To cry.

   David was beefing last night after Ruth told him off.

5. (transitive, slang) To fail or mess up.

   I beefed my presentation hard yesterday.

6. (chiefly African-American Vernacular, MLE, MTE, intransitive, slang) To feud or hold a grudge against.

   Those two are beefing right now — best you stay out of it.

7. (intransitive, slang, Australia) To sing or speak loudly; to cry out.

派生語

形容詞

beef (not comparable)

1. Being a bovine animal that is being raised for its meat.

   We bought three beef calves this morning.

2. Producing or known for raising lots of beef.

   beef farms

   beef country

3. Consisting of or containing beef as an ingredient.

   beef stew

4. (slang) Beefy; powerful; robust.

   Wow, your audio setup is beef!

関連する語

• beefy

参照

アナグラム

• Feeb, feeb