英和和英

語源

From 中期英語 passed, past participle of passen (“to pass, to go by”), whence Modern English pass.

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) enPR: päst, IPA: /pɑːst/
• (Northern England, Scotland, Canada) IPA: /past/
• (米国発音) enPR: păst, IPA: /pæst/
• Homophone: passed
• 韻: -æst, -ɑːst

名詞

past (plural pasts)

1. The period of time that has already happened, in contrast to the present and the future.

   a book about a time machine that can transport people back into the past

   • 1830, Daniel Webster, a speech

     The past, at least, is secure.

   • 1860, Richard Chenevix Trench, On the English Language, Past and Present:

     The present is only intelligible in the light of the past, often a very remote past indeed.

   • 1979, Italo Calvino, If on a Winter's Night a Traveler:

     Every time the little gate creaks--I'm in the shed with the tanks at the end of the garden--I wonder from which of my pasts the person is arriving, seeking me out even here: maybe it is only the past of yesterday and of this same suburb, the squat Arab garbage collector who in October begins his rounds for tips, house by house, with a Happy New Year card, because he says that his colleagues keep all the December tips for themselves and he never gets a penny; but it could also be the more distant pasts pursuing old Ruedi, finding the little gate in the Impasse: smugglers from Valais, mercenaries from Katanga, croupiers from the Veradero casino and the days of Fulgencio Batista.

   • 2012, Chinle Miller, In Mesozoic Lands: The Mesozoic Geology of Arches and Canyonlands National Parks, Kindle edition:

     The Mesozoic landscape of southeastern Utah can tell us much about the past, and it's one of the most intriguing and beautiful landscapes on Earth.

2. (grammar) The past tense.

同意語

• (period of time that has already happened): foretime, yestertide; see also Thesaurus:the past

派生語

参考

• preterite

形容詞

past (comparative more past, superlative most past)

1. Having already happened; in the past; finished. [from 14th c.]

   past glories

   • 1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 7, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:

     The highway to the East Coast which ran through the borough of Ebbfield had always been a main road and even now, despite the vast garages, the pylons and the gaily painted factory glasshouses which had sprung up beside it, there still remained an occasional trace of past cultures.

2. (postmodifier) Following expressions of time to indicate how long ago something happened; ago. [from 15th c.]
   • 1999, George R.R. Martin, A Clash of Kings, Bantam, published 2011, page 538:

     That had been, what, three years past?

   • 2009, John Sadler, Glencoe, Amberley, published 2009, page 20:

     Some four decades past, as a boy, I had a chance encounter and conversation with the late W.A. Poucher [...].

3. Of a period of time: having just gone by; previous. [from 15th c.]

   during the past year

   • 2012 April 23, Angelique Chrisafis, “François Hollande on top but far right scores record result in French election”, in The Guardian‎:

     Sarkozy's total will be seen as a personal failure. It is the first time an outgoing president has failed to win a first-round vote in the past 50 years and makes it harder for Sarkozy to regain momentum.

4. (grammar) Of a tense, expressing action that has already happened or a previously-existing state. [from 18th c.]

   past tense

同意語

• (having already happened): bygone, foregone; see also Thesaurus:past
• (having just gone by): foregone, preceding, used-to-be; see also Thesaurus:former

副詞

past (comparative more past, superlative most past)

1. In a direction that passes.

   Synonym: by

   I watched him walk past.

前置詞

past

1. Beyond in place or quantity.

   the room past mine

   count past twenty

2. (time) Any number of minutes after the last hour.

   Antonym: to

   What's the time? - It's now quarter past twelve midday (or 12.15pm) -O,K., we'll stop at half (past) twelve

   • 2012 April 22, Sam Sheringham, “Liverpool 0-1 West Brom”, in BBC Sport‎:

     But they were stunned when Glen Johnson's error let in Peter Odemwingie to fire past Pepe Reina on 75 minutes.

3. No longer capable of.

   I'm past caring what he thinks of me.

4. Having recovered or moved on from (a traumatic experience, etc.).
5. Passing by, especially without stopping or being delayed.

   Ignore them, we'll play past them.

   Please don't drive past the fruit stand, I want to stop there.

派生語

• see past
• see past the end of one's nose
• whistle past

動詞

past

1. (obsolete) simple past and past participle of pass
   • 1632, John Vicars, The XII Aeneids of Virgil:

     Great Tuscane dames, as she their towns past by, / Wisht her their daughter-in-law, but frustrately.

関連する語

アナグラム

• ATSP, PTSA, TAPs, ap'ts, PATs, Apts, TAPS, PSAT, taps, spat, APTs, apts., ATPs, TPAs, ptas., Pats, stap, PTAs, pats, APTS, apts, Taps