英和和英

語源

From Middle English preserven, from Old French preserver, from Medieval Latin prēservāre (“keep, preserve”),^[1] from Late Latin praeservāre (“guard beforehand”), from prae (“before”, adverb) +‎ servāre (“maintain, keep”).

発音

• (Received 発音) IPA^(key): /pɹəˈzɜːv/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /pɹəˈzɝv/
• 韻: -ɜː(ɹ)v

名詞

preserve (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 preserves)

1. A sweet spread made of any of a variety of fruits.

   Synonyms: jam, jelly, marmalade

2. A reservation, a nature preserve.
   • 1881, Robert Louis Stevenson, Virginibus Puerisque:

     Suppose Shakespeare had been knocked on the head some dark night in Sir Thomas Lucy's preserves, the world would have wagged on better or worse, the pitcher gone to the well, the scythe to the corn, and the student to his book; and no one been any the wiser of the loss.

3. An activity with restricted access.
   • 1989, Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, translated by H. T. Willetts, August 1914, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, →ISBN, page 86:

     No one can argue with that—neither the Army Commander nor Zhilinsky nor even the Grand Duke. That is the Emperor’s preserve. The Emperor says France must be saved. We can only do his bidding.

   • 2013 June 22, “T time”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8841, page 68:

     The ability to shift profits to low-tax countries by locating intellectual property in them, which is then licensed to related businesses in high-tax countries, is often assumed to be the preserve of high-tech companies.

使用する際の注意点

More often used in the plural, as strawberry preserves, but the form without the -s can also be used as the plural form, or to refer to a single type.

派生語

参考

• preserver

動詞

preserve (三人称単数 現在形 preserves, 現在分詞 preserving, 過去形および過去分詞形 preserved)

1. To protect; to keep from harm or injury.

   Every people have the right to preserve its identity and culture.

   • 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene i]:

     When Pistol lies, do this, and fig me like / The bragging Spaniard.

2. To save from decay by the use of some preservative substance, such as sugar or salt; to season and prepare (fruits, meat, etc.) for storage.

   to preserve peaches or grapes

3. To maintain throughout; to keep intact.

   to preserve appearances; to preserve silence

   • 1908, G[ilbert] K[eith] Chesterton, The Man Who Was Thursday: A Nightmare, Bristol: J[ames] W[illiams] Arrowsmith, […]; London: Simpkin, Marshall, Hamilton, Kent & Company Limited, →OCLC, page 266:

     Better men than you, men who could believe and obey, twisted the entrails of iron and preserved the legend of fire.

派生語

参照

アナグラム

• persever, perverse