circularとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Received 発音, General Australian) IPA^(key): /ˈsɜː.kjə.lə(ɹ)/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈsɝ.kjə.lɚ/
  • ハイフネーション: cir‧cu‧lar

形容詞

circular (comparative more circular, superlative most circular)

1. Of or relating to a circle.
2. In the shape of, or moving in a circle.
   • 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter V, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:

     Here, in the transept and choir, where the service was being held, one was conscious every moment of an increasing brightness; colours glowing vividly beneath the circular chandeliers, and the rows of small lights on the choristers' desks flashed and sparkled in front of the boys' faces, deep linen collars, and red neckbands.

3. Circuitous or roundabout.
4. Referring back to itself, so as to prevent computation or comprehension; infinitely recursive.

   circular reasoning

   Your dictionary defines "brave" as "courageous", and "courageous" as "brave". That's a circular definition.

   a circular formula in a spreadsheet

   I changed the definition of "sex" from "to have sex" to "to have sexual intercourse"; a dictionary definition must never be circular; using the word being defined to define itself.

5. Distributed to a large number of persons.
   • 1827, Henry Hallam, The Constitutional History of England from the Accession of Henry VII. to the Death of George II. […], volumes (please specify |volume=I または II), London: John Murray, […], →OCLC:

     a proclamation of Henry III., […] doubtless circular throughout England

6. (obsolete) Perfect; complete.
   • 1632, Philip Massinger, Maid of Honour, act I, scene 2:

     A man so absolute and circular / In all those wished-for rarities that may take / A virgin captive.

7. (archaic) Adhering to a fixed circle of legends; cyclic; hence, mean; inferior.
   • February 1, 1711, John Dennis, on the Genius and Writings of Shakespeare

     Had Virgil been a circular poet, and closely adhered to history, how could the Romans have had Dido?

同意語

• ringlike
• ring-shaped
• round-like

下位語

• semicircular

派生語

関連する語

名詞

circular (複数形 circulars)

1. An advertisement, directive or notice intended for mass circulation.

   Synonym: (advertisement) flyer

   • 1991, Stephen Fry, The Liar, London: Heinemann, →OCLC, page 55:

     The pigeon-hole was also stuffed with circulars and hand-bills.

2. Short for circular letter.
3. Short for circular file.
4. (dated) A sleeveless cloak cut from a circular pattern.
5. A shuttle bus with a circular route.

参考

• advertisement
• booklet
• brochure
• catalogue, catalog
• flier, flyer
• handbill, hand bill
• junk mail
• leaflet
• pamphlet

動詞

circular (三人称単数 現在形 circulars, 現在分詞 circularing, 過去形および過去分詞形 circulared)

1. To distribute circulars to or at.
   • 1851, G. W. Muir, Report on the State of Engine and Other Furnaces, page 19:

     The result of the sending of these notices confirms me in the opinion, that it will be necessary to adopt legal means with the great majority of these parties. The circulars have had little effect. In fact, the parties have been “circulared" into the notion that nothing more formidable will ever be sent to them.

   • 1873, Old and new - Volume 8, page 101:

     It is true, that, to obtain these, some six hundred or more institutions were circulared, and a good many of these a second time.

   • 1909, American Life Convention, Report of the Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Life Convention, page 42:

     I do not mean to say we have never employed some of them who come to us—but we have never circulared agents or gone after them.

   • 1962, Harrie Sheridan Baketel, Medical Economics - Volume 39, page 141:

     If you've ever been circulared by drug repackaging houses, you know they usually offer to trade a selection of office supplies for your unused drug samples.

2. To extend in a circular direction.
   • 2008, Donald E. Wagner, Kenneth Cragg, Dying in the Land of Promise, page 116:

     The theme can be expressed in an architectural analogy. For, of all contriving to encover space, the arch — alone or 'circulared' into the dome — is the most ingenious.