rashとは

意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From Middle English rash, rasch (“hasty, headstrong”), from 古期英語 *ræsc ("rash"; found in derivatives: ræscan (“to move rapidly, flicker, flash, quiver, glitter”), ræscettan (“to crackle, sparkle”), etc.), from Proto-Germanic *raskaz, *raskuz, *raþskaz, *raþskuz (“rash, rapid”), from Proto-Indo-European *ret- (“to run, roll”). Cognate with Dutch rasch, ras (“rash, snell”), Middle Low German rasch (“rash”), German rasch (“rash, swift”), Swedish rask (“brisk, quick, rash”), Icelandic röskur (“strong, vigorous”).

形容詞

rash (comparative rasher, superlative rashest)

1. Acting too quickly without considering the risks and consequences; not careful; hasty.

   rash words spoken in the heat of debate

2. So dry as to fall out of the ear with handling, as corn.
3. (obsolete) Requiring sudden action; pressing; urgent.
   • c. 1602, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Troylus and Cressida”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: Printed by Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act IV, scene ii]:

     I scarce have leisure to salute you, / My matter is so rash.

4. (obsolete) Fast-acting.
   • c. 1596–1599, William Shakespeare, “The Second Part of Henry the Fourth, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: Printed by Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act IV, scene iii]:

     Strong as aconitum or rash gunpowder.

同意語

• brash
• heady
• hotheaded
• impulsive
• inconsiderate
• precipitate

派生語

• rashness

参考

• prudent
• reckless

語源 2

Likely from Old French rasche (“rash, scurf”), from Vulgar Latin root *rāsicāre (“to scrape”), from Latin rāsus (“scraped, scratched”), from Latin rādō (“I scratch, scrape”). More at raze/rase.

名詞

rash (複数形 rashes)

1. (medicine) An area of reddened, irritated, and inflamed skin.
2. A surge in problems; a spate, string or trend.

   There has been a rash of vandalism lately.

   • 2019 April 25, Samanth Subramanian, “Hand dryers v paper towels: the surprisingly dirty fight for the right to dry your hands”, in The Guardian‎^[1]:

     Science has tried and failed to come to a consensus about the hygienic superiority of one product over the other. Even so, the paper towel industry has funded or promoted a rash of studies claiming that hand dryers turn bathrooms into mosh pits of pathogens.

同意語

• (a surge in problems): epidemic

派生語

動詞

rash (三人称単数 現在形 rashes, 現在分詞 rashing, 過去形および過去分詞形 rashed)

1. (obsolete) To prepare with haste.

   (Can we find かつ add a quotation of Foxe to this entry?)

語源 3

Compare French ras (“short-nap cloth”), Italian and Spanish raso, satin, or Italian rascia (“serge”), German Rasch, probably from Arras in France.

名詞

rash (uncountable)

1. An inferior kind of silk, or mixture of silk and worsted.

   (Can we find かつ add a quotation of John Donne to this entry?)

語源 4

For arace

動詞

rash (三人称単数 現在形 rashes, 現在分詞 rashing, 過去形および過去分詞形 rashed)

1. (obsolete) To pull off or pluck violently.
2. (obsolete) To slash; to hack; to slice.
   • (Can we date this quote by Edmund Spenser かつ provide title, author's full name, かつ other details?)

     rashing of helms and riving plates asunder

Further reading

• rash in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• rash in The Century Dictionary, The Century Co., New York, 1911
• “rash” in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press.

アナグラム

• AHRS, SHRA, Sahr, hars, rahs