slumpとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• IPA^(key): /slʌmp/
• 韻: -ʌmp

動詞

slump (三人称単数 現在形 slumps, 現在分詞 slumping, 過去形および過去分詞形 slumped)

1. (intransitive) To collapse heavily or helplessly.

   Exhausted, he slumped down onto the sofa.

   • 1907 August, Robert W[illiam] Chambers, chapter IX, in The Younger Set, New York, N.Y.: D. Appleton & Company, OCLC 24962326:

     “Heavens!” exclaimed Nina, “the blue-stocking and the fogy!—and yours are pale blue, Eileen!—you’re about as self-conscious as Drina—slumping there with your hair tumbling à la Mérode! Oh, it's very picturesque, of course, but a straight spine and good grooming is better. […]”

2. (intransitive) To decline or fall off in activity or performance.

   Real estate prices slumped during the recession.

   • 2011 October 29, Phil McNulty, “Chelsea 3-5 Arsenal”, in BBC Sport:

     The Gunners captain demonstrated his importance to the team by taking his tally to an outstanding 28 goals in 27 Premier League games as Chelsea slumped again after their shock defeat at QPR last week.

   • 2021 December 29, Nigel Harris, “Comment: Problems galore in 2021...”, in RAIL, number 947, page 3:

     But in the week ending December 6, usage slumped from 72% of pre-pandemic numbers to just 56%, following revised advice that we should work from home again.

3. (intransitive) To slouch or droop.
4. (transitive) To lump; to throw together messily.
   • 1859–1860, William Hamilton, H[enry] L[ongueville] Mansel and John Veitch, editors, Lectures on Metaphysics and Logic […], volume (please specify |volume=I to IV), Edinburgh; London: William Blackwood and Sons, OCLC 648725:

     These different groups […] are exclusively slumped together under that sense.

5. To fall or sink suddenly through or in, when walking on a surface, as on thawing snow or ice, a bog, etc.
   • a. 1677, Isaac Barrow, The Danger and Mischief of Delaying Repentance (sermon):

     The latter walk on a bottomless quag, into which unawares they may slump.

6. (transitive, slang) To cause to collapse; to hit hard; to render unsconscious; to kill.

名詞

slump (複数形 slumps)

1. A heavy or helpless collapse; a slouching or drooping posture; a period of poor activity or performance, especially an extended period.
   1. (slang by extension) A period when a person goes without the expected amount of sex or dating.
      • 2004, Jonathan Tolins, The Last Sunday in June

        TOM. We haven't had sex with each other in five months.

        MICHAEL. We're in a slump, I know that."

2. A measure of the fluidity of freshly mixed concrete, based on how much the concrete formed in a standard slump cone sags when the cone is removed.
3. (UK, dialect) A boggy place.
4. (Scotland) The noise made by anything falling into a hole, or into a soft, miry place.
5. (Scotland) The gross amount; the mass; the lump.
6. A cobbler-like dessert cooked on a stove.

   a blackberry slump

派生語

• slumplike