zakatとは 意味・読み方・使い方
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意味・対訳 ザカートは、イスラム教の五行の一つで、困窮者を助けるための義務的な喜捨を指す。
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「zakat」を含む例文一覧
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in the case of Kuwait; the corporate income tax; the contribution from the net profits of the Kuwaiti shareholding companies payable to the Kuwait Foundation for Advancement of Science (KFAS); the contribution from the net profits of Kuwaiti shareholding companies payable to support the national budget the Zakat the tax imposed to support national employees hereinafter referred to as “Kuwaiti tax”.発音を聞く 例文帳に追加
クウェートについては、法人所得税、クウェート資本の法人の純利得からクウェート科学振興財団(KFAS)に支払われる分担金、クウェート資本の法人の純利得から国家予算を支援するために支払われる分担金、ザカート、クウェート国民である使用人を支援するために課される税以下「クウェートの租税」という。。 - 財務省
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Wiktionary英語版での「zakat」の意味 |
zakat
語源
Borrowed from:
all from Arabic زَكَاة (zakāh, “almsgiving, zakat; purification”),[2] from زَكَوٰة (zakāh) (古風な用法), from Aramaic זכותא/ܙܟܘܬܐ (zākūṯā, “goodness, probity, uprightness; merit; victory”), from זכי (zəḵē, “to gain; to overcome, triumph over”).
発音
名詞
zakat (usually uncountable, 複数形 zakats)
- (Islam) Almsgiving, one of the five pillars of Islam, in the form of an annual tax on certain types of property which is then used for charitable purposes.
- 1791, [Burhan al-Din al-Marghinani], chapter I, in Charles Hamilton, transl., The Hedàya, or Guide; a Commentary on the Mussulman Laws: […], volume I, London: […] T[homas] Bensley, →OCLC, book I (Of Zakât), page 2:
- Zakât is an ordinance of God, incumbent upon every perſon vvho is free, ſane, adult, and a Muſſulman, provided he be poſſeſſed, in full propriety, of ſuch eſtate or effects as are termed in the language of the lavv a Niſâb, and that he has been in poſſeſſion of the ſame for the ſpace of one complete year, vvhich is denominated Havvlân-Hâvvl. The reaſon of this obligation is found in the vvord of God, vvho has ordained it in the Koran, ſaying, "Bestovv Zakât."
- 1831, James Butler Bryan, chapter XII, in A Practical View of Ireland, from the Period of the Union; with Plans for the Permanent Relief of Her Poor, and the Improvement of Her Municipal Organization: […], Dublin: W. F. Wakeman, […]; London: Simpkin and Marshall, […], →OCLC, page 327:
- The Mahometan law insists on the legal obligation of society to support their indigent fellow-citizens, the Hedaya or Mahometan Guide begins, "take zakat," said Mahomet, "from the rich Mussulmans, and bestow it upon the poor Mussulmans: zakat or charity," says the code, "signifies alms imposed by law, in opposition to [sadka], voluntary charity." […] The zakat was a property-tax paid on all productions and profits, on merchandise, mines, &c.
- 1886, William A[ddison] Phillips, “The Mahometan System, and the Governments and Forms of Society Founded on It”, in Labor, Land and Law: A Search for the Missing Wealth of the Working Poor, New York, N.Y.: Charles Scribner’s Sons, →OCLC, page 140:
- The Alcoran and all the subsequent teachings of the faithful enjoined a constant and liberal charity. […] The theory of the zakat, or tax, is that it is a voluntary gift. Contributing for the needs of the state followed in due course of time, and became obligatory. These taxes, or zakat, amounted by law to two and a half per cent. of the principal of certain assessed property.
- 1963, Emrys L[loyd] Peters, “Aspects of Rank and Status among Muslims in a Lebanese Village”, in Julian Pitt-Rivers, editor, Mediterranean Countrymen: Essays in Social Anthropology of the Mediterranean, Paris: Mouton and Co., →OCLC, page 170; republished in Louise E. Sweet, editor, Peoples and Cultures of the Middle East: An Anthropological Reader, volumes II (Life in the Cities, Towns, かつ Countryside), Garden City, N.Y.: Natural History Press for the American Museum of Natural History, 1970, →ISBN, page 88:
- 2004, Seymour Becker, “Economic Development”, in Russia’s Protectorates in Central Asia: Bukhara and Khiva, 1865–1924, London, New York, N.Y.: RoutledgeCurzon, published 2005, →ISBN, part 3 (The Russian Presence), page 136:
- […] Russian goods were subject to numerous zakats as well as to taxes on buying and selling in the bazaars, on maintaining shops and stalls in the bazaars, and on the compulsory use of the official bazaar weights.
- 2006, Timur Kuran, “Islam and Economics: Policy Prescriptions for a Free Society”, in Sohrab Behdad, Farhad Nomani, editors, Islam and the Everyday World: Public Policy Dilemmas, Abingdon, Oxfordshire, New York, N.Y.: Routledge, →ISBN, page 43:
- By tradition, zakat proceeds serve partly to deliver poor relief and partly to finance "praiseworthy activities," defined to include religious education and pilgrimage. In several countries, including Pakistan, zakat has become a legal obligation, and the government now organizes both its collection and its disbursement. In most parts of the Islamic world, however, zakat is collected and disbursed in a decentralized manner by local religious organizations […].
- 2009, Atta El-Battahani, “Ideological Expansionist Movements versus Historical Indigenous Rights in the Darfur Region of Sudan: From Actual Homicide to Potential Genocide”, in Salah M. Hassan, Carina E. Ray, editors, Darfur and the Crisis of Governance in Sudan: A Critical Reader, Ithaca, N.Y., London: Cornell University Press, →ISBN, part 1, section 1 (Origins かつ Evolution of the Conflict), endnote 16, page 67:
- Zakat is a system of alms giving which constitutes one of the five pillars of Islam, and zakat committees operate as social welfare agencies by collecting zakats from able Muslims and distributing them to the less fortunate.
- 2020 March, Thomas Piketty, “Ternary Societies and Colonialism: Eurasian Trajectories”, in Arthur Goldhammer, transl., Capital and Ideology, Cambridge, Mass.: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, →ISBN, part 2 (Slave かつ Colonial Societies), footnote 76, page 409:
- In practice, the zakats seem to have varied a great deal with the context, the society, and local norms.
別の表記
- zakaah, zakah, zikat, Zikat
参照
- ^ “zakat, n.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
- ^ “zakat, n.”, in OED Online , Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, April 2023.
アナグラム
- Kaatz
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Text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike (CC-BY-SA) and/or GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL). Weblio英和・和英辞典に掲載されている「Wiktionary英語版」の記事は、Wiktionaryのzakat (改訂履歴)の記事を複製、再配布したものにあたり、Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike (CC-BY-SA)もしくはGNU Free Documentation Licenseというライセンスの下で提供されています。 |
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