英和和英

別の表記

• toon (eye-dialect)

語源

From 中期英語 tune, an unexplained variant of tone, from Old French ton, from Latin tonus, from Ancient Greek τόνος (tónos, “a tone”). Doublet of tone, ton, and tonus.

発音

• (Received Pronunciation)
  • (non-yod-coalescence) IPA: /tjuːn/
  • (yod-coalescence) IPA: /tʃuːn/
• (General American)
  • (yod-dropping) IPA: /tuːn/
• (Wales, Canada) IPA: /tɪu̯n/
• 韻: -uːn
• 異形同音異義語: chewn (yod-coalescence), toon (yod-dropping)
• ハイフネーション: tune

名詞

tune (countable and uncountable, plural tunes)

1. A melody.

   Eric played a catchy tune on his acoustic guitar and Alyssa played the drums.

2. A song, or short musical composition.
3. (informal) The act of tuning or maintenance.

   Your engine needs a good tune.

4. The state or condition of being correctly tuned.

   Your engine is now in tune.

   This piano is not in tune.

5. (obsolete) Temper; frame of mind.
6. (obsolete) A sound; a note; a tone.
   • c. 1608–1609 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Coriolanus”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene iii], page 12, column 2:

     Pray you now, if it may the ſtand with the tune of your voices, that I may bee Conſull, I haue heere the Cuſtomarie Gowne.

7. (obsolete) Order; harmony; concord.
   • 1693, [John Locke], “§72”, in Some Thoughts Concerning Education, London: […] A[wnsham] and J[ohn] Churchill, […], →OCLC, page 76:

     A child will learn three times as much when he is in tune, as when he […] is dragged unwillingly to [his task].

派生語

関連する語

• tone

派生した語

• → Irish: tiúin, tuin
• → Welsh: tiwn

間投詞

tune

1. (UK, slang) Used to show appreciation or approval of a song.

   You heard the new Rizzle Kicks song? — Tune!

動詞

tune (third-person singular simple present tunes, present participle tuning, simple past and past participle tuned)

1. To adjust (a musical instrument) so that it produces the correct pitches.

   to tune a piano or a violin

   • 1568, William Cornishe [i.e., William Cornysh], “In the Fleete Made by Me William Cornishe otherwise Called Nyshwhete Chapelman with the Most Famose and Noble Kyng Henry the VII. His Reygne the XIX. Yere the Moneth of July. A Treatise betwene Trouth, and Information.”, in John Skelton, edited by J[ohn] S[tow], Pithy Pleasaunt and Profitable Workes of Maister Skelton, Poete Laureate, London: […] Thomas Marshe, →OCLC; republished as Pithy Pleasaunt and Profitable Workes of Maister Skelton, Poete Laureate to King Henry the VIIIth, London: […] C. Davis […], 1736, →OCLC, page 290:

     The Harpe. […] A harper with his wreſt maye tune the harpe wrong / Mys tunying of an Inſtrument ſhal hurt a true ſonge

   • 1681, John Dryden, The Spanish Fryar: Or, the Double Discovery. […], London: […] Richard Tonson and Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, Act II, page 21:

     She bids me hope; oh Heav'ns; ſhe pities me! / And pity ſtill foreruns approching love; / As Lightning does the Thunder! Tune your Harps / Ye Angels to that ſound; and thou, my Heart, / Make room to entertain thy flowing Joy.

   • 1693, Decimus Junius Juvenalis, John Dryden, transl., “[The Satires of Decimus Junius Juvenalis.] The Tenth Satyr”, in The Satires of Decimus Junius Juvenalis. Translated into English Verse. […] Together with the Satires of Aulus Persius Flaccus. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson […], →OCLC, page 199, lines 190–191:

     Fortune foretun'd the Dying Notes of Rome: / Till I, thy Conſul ſole, conſol'd thy Doom.

2. To adjust or modify (especially a mechanical or electrical device) so that it functions optimally.

   Coordinate term: dial in

   Tuning the engine gave me an extra twenty horsepower.

   Tune your mind, and anything becomes possible.

3. To adjust the frequency on a radio or TV set, so as to receive the desired channel.

   Synonym: tune in

   Tune to Channel 6 for all your favourite daytime shows.

4. Of faculties, senses, etc.: to adapt to or direct towards a particular target.

   My ears were tuned to the sounds of the forest.

5. To make more precise, intense, or effective; to put into a proper state or disposition.
   • c. 1604–1605 (date written), William Shakespeare, “All’s Well, that Ends Well”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iii], page 246, column 2:

     [H]ee hath incurred the euerlaſting diſpleaſure of the King, who had euen tun'd his bounty to ſing happineſſe to him.

6. To attune; to adapt in style of music; to make harmonious.
   • c. 1630, John Milton, “The Passion”, in Poems of Mr. John Milton, […], London: […] Ruth Raworth for Humphrey Mosely, […], published 1646, →OCLC, stanza II, page 17:

     For now to ſorrow must I tune my ſong, / And ſet my Harpe to notes of ſaddeſt wo, […]

7. (transitive) To give a certain tone or character to.
8. (transitive) To set (lyrics) to music.
   • 1977 April 9, Charley Shively, “Ginsberg Triumphant”, in Gay Community News, page 12:

     Ginsberg sang some poems from William Blake which he had "tuned".

9. (obsolete) To sing with melody or harmony.
   • c. 1595–1596 (date written), W. Shakespere [i.e., William Shakespeare], A Pleasant Conceited Comedie Called, Loues Labors Lost. […] (First Quarto), London: […] W[illiam] W[hite] for Cut[h]bert Burby, published 1598, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iii]:

     To ſee great Hercules whipping a Gigge, / And profound Sallomon to tune a Iigge.

   • 1667, John Milton, “Book V”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC, lines 195-196:

     Fountains and yee, that warble, as ye flow, / Melodious murmurs, warbling tune his praiſe.

10. (transitive, South Africa, slang) To be impudent towards; to cheek.

    Are you tuning me?

11. (Should we delete this sense?) (fandom slang) to adjust the parameters of singing voice synthesis software such as VOCALOID (in order to achieve certain singing techniques, increase the human quality of the voice, etc.)
    • 2017 August 10, Keisuke Yamada, Supercell's Supercell featuring Hatsune Miku, Bloomsbury Publishing USA, →ISBN:

      […] Those who are highly skilled in manipulating the Vocaloid technology—e.g., tuning Miku's singing voices—arrange existing […]

    • 2018 December 6, Nina Sun Eidsheim, The Race of Sound: Listening, Timbre, and Vocality in African American Music, Duke University Press, →ISBN:

      LOLA's voice is used simply to render basic notes and words with no pitch or expression tuning applied.

    • 2020, Janice L. Waldron, Stephanie Horsley, Kari K. Veblen, The Oxford Handbook of Social Media and Music Learning, Oxford University Press, USA, →ISBN, page 522:

      This compiling of a track holds many parallels with “tuning” a Miku track, […]

派生語

関連する語

• attune

参照

Further reading

• “tune”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “tune”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.

アナグラム

• Nute, neut, neut.

名詞

tūne

1. dative singular of tūn