英和和英

発音

• IPA: /ˈbɹeɪkəweɪ/

形容詞

breakaway (not comparable)

1. Having broken away from a larger unit.

   The breakaway republic is slowly establishing order and civil society.

   • 1946, William Brown, Hansard, 19 November, 1946, Trade Unions Closed Shop, [1]

     Nor is it true, although it has been suggested as true, that I am in favour of breakaway or splinter unions—

   • 1997, Ted Hughes, “Actaeon”, in Tales from Ovid, London: Faber & Faber, page 111, lines 144–147:

     As Actaeon turned, Melanchaetes / The ringleader of this breakaway trio / Grabbed a rear ankle / In the trap of his jaws.

   • 2016 July 10, “Iain Duncan Smith claims 'black ops' bid to 'denigrate' Leadsom”, in BBC News:

     […] the Sunday Times said some 20 MPs are ready to form a breakaway party if Mrs Leadsom is elected as leader over Home Secretary Theresa May […]

   • 2024 June 5, Sarah Dean and David McKenzie, “Jacob Zuma has made a dramatic comeback in South Africa’s elections. Will he have the last laugh over Ramaphosa?”, in CNN‎:

     The breakaway party espouses land expropriation without compensation and sweeping state nationalism, including nationalizing the Reserve Bank.

2. Capable of breaking off without damaging the larger structure.

   a breakaway wall

   • 1954 August 30, “The Week in Review”, in Time:

     In Hollywood, rehearsing for his show, Red Skelton plunged headlong into a "breakaway" door. It didn't break, and Red was hospitalized with concussion and a mild case of shock.

3. (ice hockey) Occurring during or as a result of a breakaway (see Noun)
   • 2016, Scott Feschuk, "Counting down the most annoying in video review, by sport," sportsnet.ca, 10 July, 2016, [3]

     In a league starved for scoring, the challenge ensures that some super-sweet breakaway goals will be overturned because a dude was three microns offside.

4. (entertainment industry) Enjoying rapid popular success.
   • 1976 November 1, “Sass and Class”, in Time:

     The New York quintet call themselves Dr. Buzzard's Original Savannah Band, and their RCA debut LP is this season's breakaway disco act.

   • 1996 November 14, Bill Carter, “So Many New Shows, but Not One Hit”, in The New York Times:

     In that season, NBC added another first-year breakaway hit, Friends.

   • 2016, Chris Riotta, "Rihanna's 'Anti' Has Extensive Alternative Music Career," mic.com, 11 February, 2016, [4]

     When Rihanna released her rebellious breakaway album Anti, it marked a definitive turning point in the singer's career.

派生語

• breakaway glass

名詞

breakaway (plural breakaways)

1. The act of breaking away from something.
   • 1932, Alan Lennox-Boyd, Hansard, 10 May, 1932, Finance Bill, [5]

     […] this Finance Bill represents a definite breakaway from the old practice of mass bribing, vote catching, and political Finance Bills which we were in grave danger of establishing as a permanent part of our national activities.

   • 1954, C. S. Lewis, chapter 11, in The Horse and His Boy, Collins, published 1998:

     If the horse had been any good—or if he had known how to get any good out of the horse—he would have risked everything on a breakaway and a wild gallop.

   • 1963 September, Modern Railways, page 146:

     Following a breakaway of the test train near Huntingdon during final trials, the start of the London-Newcastle-Edinburgh "Roadrailer" service scheduled for August 19 was postponed.

   • 1992 December 21, Michael S. Serrill, “Back On Track”, in Time:

     During all that time, the French-speaking province of Quebec demanded additional powers to preserve its language and unique culture, while separatist pressure, generated by the Parti Quebecois, threatened breakaway if the demands were frustrated.

   • 2011, Jeffrey Weeks, The Languages of Sexuality, Routledge, page 158:

     […] the adoption of the veil by Muslim women in West European countries is often justified as a mark of their autonomy, a breakaway from the sexualizing influences of Western culture.

2. (cycle racing) A group of riders which has gone ahead of the peloton.
   • 2012 July 15, Richard Williams, Tour de France 2012: Carpet tacks cannot force Bradley Wiggins off track‎, Guardian Unlimited:

     The summit of the climb came 38km from the end of stage 14, which began in Limoux and ended in Foix in the foothills of the Pyrenees, and the incident occurred as the peloton emerged into the light and passed under the banner at the top, a quarter of an hour behind a five-man breakaway.

3. (ice hockey) A situation in the game where one or more players of a team attack towards the goal of the other team without having any defenders in front of them.
   • 2015, Eric MacKenzie, "Canucks fall 2-1 to Oilers in OT," vancouver24hrs.ca, 18 October, 2015, [7]

     With the game tied 1-1 early in the third, Henrik got free on a breakaway and was stopped by Oilers goalie Anders Nilsson […]

4. (boxing) The act of getting away from one's opponent; the separation of the boxers after a spell of infighting.
   • 2011, Colleen Aycock and Mark Scott (eds.), The First Black Boxing Champions: Essays on Fighters of the 1800s to the 1920s, Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Co., Appendix: The Great Fights, George Dixon vs. Jack Skelly (September 6, 1892), p. 262,

     The gong sounded almost immediately after the breakaway.

5. (Australia) A stampede of animals.
6. (Australia) An animal that breaks away from a herd.
   • 1893, The Argus, 29 April, 1893, p. 4, col. 4, cited in Edward Ellis Morris, Austral English: A Dictionary of Australasian Words, Phrases and Usages, 1898, [8]

     The smartest stock horse that ever brought his rider up within whip distance of a breakaway or dodged the horns of a sulky beast, took the chance.

7. (Australia, geography) An eroding steep slope on the edge of a plateau; an escarpment.
8. (Australia) A channel of floodwater that has burst from its usual course; or the track or channel eroded by the water. [from 19th c.]
   • 2002, Alex Miller, Journey to the Stone Country, Allen & Unwin, published 2003, page 353:

     He was forced to slow to a walking pace in order to negotiate a rack of deep breakaways.

9. A particular yo-yo trick [9].
   • 1958 August 5, “Scoreboard”, in Time:

     After watching some older kids try out for the New York City Parks Department's yo-yo championship, Stephen Awerman, an eleven-year-old from Jamaica, L.I., decided that he could hold his own with the big boys. He spun his yo-yo through the required figures—spinner, walking-the-dog, breakaway […] —then unreeled 312 loop-the-loops to latch onto the title.

10. A swing dance in which the leader occasionally swings the follower out into an open position.
11. (theater) An item of scenery designed to be broken or destroyed during the performance.
    • 1980, Robert Anderson, Theatre Talk, page 19:

      EFFECT […] This usually refers to special effects such as flash pots, torches, crashes, breakaways, etc.

派生語

• breakaway neckline
• breakaway suspenders

参考

• escape

動詞

break away (third-person singular simple present breaks away, present participle breaking away, simple past broke away, past participle broken away)

1. To leave suddenly.

   She was brought up in a very religious household, but broke away from the church in her teens.

2. To become separated, literally or figuratively.

   A chunk of rock broke away from the cliff edge.

派生語

• breakaway (adj)

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