開業費の英語

開業翌年の1873年の営業状況は、乗客が1日平均4347人、年間の旅客収入42万円と貨物収入2万円、そこから直接経費の23万円を引くと21万円の利益となっている。例文帳に追加

The year after the opening in 1873, it had an average of 4347 passengers a day and an annual passenger income of 420,000 yen plus cargo income of 20,000 yen and subtracting the direct operating expenses of 270,000 yen, it netted 210,000 yen.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

これは東西両京を結ぶ鉄道線を敷設するに当たって、東海道と中山道のいずれに通すかを巡って明治初期に論争があり、その結果中山道経由に一時は決定してその一部に該当する路線が開業したものの、後に碓氷峠を越える区間など山岳地域での工事の長期化・費用増、開業後の輸送量制限を考慮して、やはり東海道の方が優れているということになり、急遽岐阜（加納）以東のルートが東海道経由に変更されたことに起因している。例文帳に追加

Behind this lies a construction plan of the early Meiji period, and there were divided opinions over which route--Tokaido or Nakasen-do Street--would be preferable for construction. Initially the government accepted the route along Nakasen-do Street and started service in some sections, but later it realized that the route along the Tokaido was better, considering the earlier plan's higher estimated costs and longer construction period, as well as the restricted transportation in mountainous areas (particularly those across the Usui-toge), so ultimately the route was shifted east of Kano (Gifu Prefecture) to the route along the Tokaido.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

奈良電が開業するにあたっては、当時の国鉄京都駅の烏丸口（北側の中央口）直下に奈良電の地下ターミナル駅を設ける予定であったが、この工事費用の問題に加え、1928年11月に京都御所で昭和天皇の即位の礼昭和の即位の礼・大嘗祭に時間的に間に合わないことから、八条口（南口）側に仮設駅を設けることになった。例文帳に追加

To start operating the Nara Electric Railway, an underground station was projected for construction just below the Karasuma-guchi (Karasuma Exit) (the north-side center entrance/exit) of the then Japan National Railway (JNR) Kyoto Station; however, in addition to the strained construction cost, due to the provision that the construction would not meet the enthronement ceremony of Emperor Showa (Showa-no-Sokui no Rei or Onie no Matsuri) to be held in November 1928 in the Kyoto Imperial Palace, it was decided to construct a provisional station building on the Hachijo-guchi side (Hachijo Exit) (south entrance/exit).発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

また、開業当初から建設費（約650億円）償還のために普通運賃で60円の加算運賃が同線区間利用時に設定されており、鴨東線内各駅（三条駅から出町柳駅方面も含む）からの初乗り運賃は、2007年現在210円と京阪本線の初乗り運賃より高くなっている。例文帳に追加

Because this line has been repaying the construction cost (about 65 billion yen) since its inauguration, for the line an extra fare of 60 yen is added to the ordinary fare structure by section, and the basic fare between the stations on the line (including the section starting from Sanjo Station toward the direction of Demachiyanagi Station) is 210 yen, which is more expensive than that of the Keihan Main Line (as of 2007).発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

さらに、「中心市街地の整備手法・個店運営の課題」として、ア．商店主の意識不足による魅力ある店舗の未整備、イ．消費者ニーズに対応した業種構成が未対応、ウ．後継者・新規開業者不足、エ．地権者等の協力不足による空き店舗等の未解消、オ．商業集積の核となる大型店やキーテナントの撤退、の順に商店街自身に内在する課題が挙げられている。例文帳に追加

On the other hand, the problem areas identified in the "organizational operation of TMOs" in dealing with these issues include in descending order the following factors: i. shortage of business funds and administrative staff, etc. ii. lack of leadership by municipalities, iii. shortage of specialist human resources necessary to optimize the makeup of types of business and stores in commercial clusters, iv. the sporadic nature of projects and lack of continuous projects pursued from a medium/long-term perspective, and v. insufficient consensus building with local residents. On the subject of "problems regarding methods of development of central urban areas and operation of individual stores," the problems identified as being inherent in shopping districts themselves were, in descending order: i. undeveloped state of attractive stores due to lack of awareness among store proprietors, ii. industrial makeup unsuited to meeting consumer needs, iii. shortage of successors and new entrants, iv. failure to eliminate vacant stores, etc. due to lack of cooperation from landowners and leaseholders, etc., and v. withdrawal of large stores and key tenants forming the nucleus of commercial clusters. - 経済産業省

このように、近年、企業に雇用される人々の意識が一般的にはリスク回避的になり、開業希望率が減少していることと、第2章で述べたような、近年の労働市場の変化等との関係については、〔1〕1990年代まで大企業を中心とする年功賃金制が「日本的雇用慣行」として定着していると認識され、人々の予想する将来賃金が上昇してきたこと、〔2〕1990年代のデフレ経済の悪影響がまず自営業等の小規模な企業から破産・廃業の増加等の形で現れ、人々の予想する自営業の所得が顕著に低下しリスクが顕著に増加したこと、〔3〕大企業の被雇用者に本格的な雇用調整が及んだのは1990年代後半であったことから、将来の予想賃金が低下するにはかなり時間がかかったこと、〔4〕定年退職後の収入については、「日本的雇用慣行」の下でも不安定性があることが早くから認識され、また、1990年代に企業が中高齢層のリストラを進め高齢者の転職市場は厳しい状況が続き、50歳代の賃金については大企業でも比較的早くから調整が進んだことから、中高齢者にとっては転職と比較して開業することの機会費用が下がった可能性があること、また、この年代の人々はバブル崩壊による持ち家価格の低下等の影響を被ることが比較的少なかったこと等が指摘できる。例文帳に追加

People employed by enterprises have thus generally grown more risk averse in recent years. Regarding the relationship between the decline in the prospective entry rate and recent changes in the labor market such as those described in Chapter 2, attention may be drawn to the following: (1) the seniority-based pay systems found primarily at large enterprises up to the 1990s were recognized as having become entrenched as "Japanesestyle employment practices," and the future wages expected by people rose; (2) the negative effects of the deflationary economy in the 1990s first manifested themselves in the form of an increase in bankruptcies and exits among small enterprises such as the selfemployed, and there was a conspicuous decrease in the incomes and a conspicuous increase in the risks of selfemployment expected by people; (3) as full-fledged employment adjustment did not really impact on employees of large enterprises until the latter half of the 1990s, it took considerable time for future expected wages to fall; and (4) the instability of income after mandatory retirement even with "Japanese-style employment practices" has long been recognized, enterprises restructured their middle-aged and older workers in the 1990s, conditions in the elderly reemployment market remained severe, and wages of employees in their fifties underwent adjustment from a comparatively early stage, creating the possibility that for the middle-aged and elderly, the opportunity cost of entry compared with changing jobs has fallen, in addition to which people in this age group were comparatively less affected by the effects of the collapse of the bubble, such as the decline in home prices. - 経済産業省