Corporation .とは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From 中期英語 corporacion, corporation, from Late Latin corporatio (“assumption of a body”), from Latin corporatus, past participle of corporare (“to form into a body”); see corporate. By surface analysis, corporate +‎ -ion.

(protruding belly): Perhaps a play on the word corpulence.

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˌkɔː.pəˈɹeɪ.ʃən/
• (General American, Canada) IPA: /ˌkɔɹ.pəˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, /ˌkɔɹ.pɚˈeɪ.ʃən/
• 韻: -eɪʃən

名詞

corporation (plural corporations)

1. A body corporate, created by law or under authority of law, having a continuous existence independent of the existences of its members, and powers and liabilities distinct from those of its members.
   • 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter II, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:

     That the young Mr. Churchills liked—but they did not like him coming round of an evening and drinking weak whisky-and-water while he held forth on railway debentures and corporation loans. Mr. Barrett, however, by fawning and flattery, seemed to be able to make not only Mrs. Churchill but everyone else do what he desired.

   • 2022 June 1, Ryan Mac, “Elon Musk to Workers: Spend 40 Hours in the Office, or Else”, in The New York Times‎, →ISSN, archived from the original on 2 July 2022:

     With his twin notes, Mr. Musk waded directly into a fractious debate over the right way for corporations to bring workers back to the office during the coronavirus pandemic.

2. The municipal governing body of a borough or city.
3. (historical) In Fascist Italy, a joint association of employers' and workers' representatives.
4. (slang, dated, humorous) A protruding belly.

   Synonym: paunch

   • 1849, Currer Bell [pseudonym; Charlotte Brontë], “Whitsuntide”, in Shirley. A Tale. […], volume II, London: Smith, Elder and Co., […], →OCLC, pages 127–128:

     [The Rector], looming large in full canonicals, walking, as became a beneficed priest, under the canopy of a shovel-hat, with the dignity of an ample corporation, the embellishment of the squarest and vastest of black coats, and the support of the stoutest of gold-headed canes.

   • 1918, Katherine Mansfield, ‘Prelude’, Selected Stories, Oxford World's Classics paperback 2002, page 91:

     'You'd be surprised,' said Stanley, as though this were intensely interesting, 'at the number of chaps at the club who have got a corporation.'

   • 1974, GB Edwards, The Book of Ebenezer Le Page, New York, published 2007, page 316:

     He was a big chap with a corporation already, and a flat face rather like Dora's, and he had a thin black moustache.

   • 2001, Jamie O’Neill, At Swim, Two Boys‎, London: Scribner, Part 2, Chapter 20, p. 620:

     The sergeant was a goner. There was only one way to save him, and he threw himself on top, hurling the man to the ground. He lay covering his corporation with as much as his body and limbs would allow.

下位語

• (body corporate): government-owned and controlled corporation, public limited company (UK)

派生語

関連する語

• corporate
• incorporate

Further reading

• “corporation”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin Eli Smith, editors (1895–1910), “corporation”, in The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia: […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.