motiveとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From 中期英語 motif, from Anglo-Norman motif, Middle French motif, and their source, Late Latin motivum (“motive, moving cause”), neuter of motivus.

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈməʊtɪv/
• (General American) IPA: /ˈmoʊtɪv/
• 韻: (Received Pronunciation) -əʊtɪv, (General American) -oʊtɪv

名詞

motive (plural motives)

1. (obsolete) An idea or communication that makes one want to act, especially from spiritual sources; a divine prompting. [14th–17th c.]
   • 1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition III, section 2, member 1, subsection ii:

     there's something in a woman beyond all human delight; a magnetic virtue, a charming quality, an occult and powerful motive.

2. An incentive to act in a particular way; a reason or emotion that makes one want to do something; anything that prompts a choice of action. [from 15th c.]

   Synonym: motivation

   • 1947, Malcolm Lowry, Under the Volcano, New York: Reynal & Hitchcock:

     Many of them at first seemed kind to him, but it turned out their motives were not entirely altruistic.

   • 2007, Joe Biden, Promises to Keep‎, New York: Random House, published 2008, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 110:

     “Your job here is to find the good things in your colleagues—the things their state saw—and not focus on the bad.”
     I said I understand.
     “And, Joe, never attack another man’s motive, because you don’t know his motive.”

3. (obsolete, rare) A limb or other bodily organ that can move. [15th–17th c.]
   • c. 1602, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Troylus and Cressida”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene v]:

     every joint and motive of her body

4. (law) Something which causes someone to want to commit a crime; a reason for criminal behaviour. [from 18th c.]

   What would his motive be for burning down the cottage?

   No-one could understand why she had hidden the shovel; her motives were obscure at best.

   • 1931, Francis Beeding, “10/6”, in Death Walks in Eastrepps:

     “Why should Eldridge commit murder? […] There was only one possible motive—namely, he wished to avoid detection as James Selby of Anaconda Ltd. […]”

5. (architecture, fine arts, music) Alternative form of motif.

   If you listen carefully, you can hear the flutes mimicking the cello motive.

派生語

関連する語

動詞

motive (third-person singular simple present motives, present participle motiving, simple past and past participle motived)

1. (transitive) To prompt or incite by a motive or motives; to move.

   Synonym: motivate

形容詞

motive (not comparable)

1. Causing motion; having power to move, or tending to move

   Synonyms: moving; see also Thesaurus:movable

   a motive argument

   motive power

   • 1658, Sir Thomas Browne, The Garden of Cyrus, Folio Society, published 2007, page 195:

     In the motive parts of animals may be discovered mutuall proportions; not only in those of Quadrupeds, but in the thigh-bone, legge, foot-bone, and claws of Birds.

2. Relating to motion and/or to its cause

   Synonyms: kinetic, motional

   • 1929, Arthur Lourié, “An Inquiry into Melody”, in Modern Music, volume VII, number 1, page 10:

     Debussy's melody is fractional, fragmentary. But at the core all his music is melodic and melody is its main motive force.

派生語

Further reading

• “motive”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “motive”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.
• “motive”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.

アナグラム

• evomit, move it