shrinkとは

意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• IPA^(key): /ˈʃɹɪŋk/
• 韻: -ɪŋk

動詞

shrink (三人称単数 現在形 shrinks, 現在分詞 shrinking, 過去形 shrank または shrunk, 過去分詞 shrunk または shrunken)

1. (transitive) To cause to become smaller.

   The dryer shrank my sweater.

   • 2008 October, David Schipper, “Outsmart your stomach: Seven ways to fill your gut—and lose it, too”, in Men's Health, volume 23, number 8, ISSN 1054-4836, page 135:

     The bottom line is this: To shrink your gut, you need to start listening to it.

2. (intransitive) To become smaller; to contract.

   This garment will shrink when wet.

   • (Can we date this quote by Francis Bacon かつ provide title, author's full name, かつ other details?)

     I have not found that water, by mixture of ashes, will shrink or draw into less room.

   • (Can we date this quote by Dryden かつ provide title, author's full name, かつ other details?)

     And shrink like parchment in consuming fire.

   • 2018, VOA Learning English > China's Melting Glacier Brings Visitors, Adds to Climate Concerns

     Since 1982, it has shrunk by 250 meters.

3. (intransitive) To cower or flinch.

   Molly shrank away from the blows of the whip.

4. (transitive) To draw back; to withdraw.
   • 1629, John Milton, “On the Morning of Christ's Nativity”, in Poems of Mr. John Milton, […] , London: Printed by Ruth Raworth for Humphrey Moſely,  […], published 1645, OCLC 606951673, page 10:

     The Libyc Hammon ſhrinks his horn,

5. (intransitive, figuratively) To withdraw or retire, as from danger.
   • 1733, [Alexander Pope], An Essay on Man. […], (please specify |epistle=I to IV), London: Printed for J[ohn] Wilford, […], OCLC 960856019:

     What happier natures shrink at with affright, / The hard inhabitant contends is right.

   • (Can we date this quote by Jowett かつ provide title, author's full name, かつ other details?) (translator), Thucydides

     They assisted us against the Thebans when you shrank from the task.

6. (intransitive) To move back or away, especially because of fear or disgust.

同意語

• (avoid an unwanted task): funk, shirk
• (withdraw または retire, as from danger): shrink back, retreat

反意語

• (to cause to become smaller): expand, grow, enlarge, stretch
• (become smaller): expand, grow, enlarge, stretch

派生語

名詞

shrink (複数形 shrinks)

1. Shrinkage; contraction; recoil.
   • Yet almost wish, with sudden shrink, / That I had less to praise. — Leigh Hunt.
2. (slang, sometimes derogatory) A psychiatrist or psychotherapist.

   You need to see a shrink.

   My shrink said that he was an enabler, bad for me.

   • 1994, Green Day, Basket Case

     I went to a shrink, to analyze my dreams. She says it's lack of sex that's bringing me down.

   Synonym: head-shrinker

3. (uncountable, business) Loss of inventory, for example due to shoplifting or not selling items before their expiration date.
   • 2011, Charles Sennewald & ‎John Christman, Retail Crime, Security, and Loss Prevention: An Encyclopedic Reference, p. 227:

     Assuming the retailer's shrink is average or below, and the owner is comfortable with the level of shrink, perhaps nothing more need be done except to maintain vigilance and to monitor the shrink for signs of emerging problems.

使用する際の注意点

• (therapist): The slang sense was originally pejorative, expressing a distrust of practitioners in the field. It is now not as belittling or trivializing.

参照

• shrink at OneLook Dictionary Search
• shrink in The Century Dictionary, The Century Co., New York, 1911