英和和英

発音

• (米国発音, 英国発音, Canada) enPR: shīn, IPA: /ʃaɪn/
• 韻: -aɪn

語源 1

From 中期英語 shinen, schinen (preterite schon, past participle schinen), from 古期英語 sċīnan (“to shine, flash; be resplendent”; preterite sċān, past participle sċinen), from Proto-West Germanic *skīnan (“to shine”), from Proto-Germanic *skīnaną (“to shine”).

Cognate with Dutch schijnen, German scheinen, Danish and Norwegian Bokmål skinne, Norwegian Nynorsk and Swedish skina, Faroese and Icelandic skína.

動詞

shine (third-person singular simple present shines, present participle shining, simple past and past participle shone or shined)

1. (intransitive, copulative) To emit or reflect light so as to glow.

   Synonyms: beam, glow, radiate; see also Thesaurus:shine

   Coordinate terms: beam, flash, glare, glimmer, shimmer, twinkle

   • 1899 February, Joseph Conrad, “The Heart of Darkness”, in Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine, volume CLXV, number M, New York, N.Y.: The Leonard Scott Publishing Company, […], →OCLC, part I, page 194:

     The water shone pacifically; the sky, without a speck, was a benign immensity of unstained light; the very mist on the Essex marshes was like a gauzy and radiant fabric, hung from the wooded rises inland, and draping the low shores in diaphanous folds.

   • 1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 20, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:

     ‘No. I only opened the door a foot and put my head in. The street lamps shine into that room. I could see him. He was all right. Sleeping like a great grampus. Poor, poor chap.’

2. (intransitive, copulative) To reflect light.

   Synonyms: gleam, glint, glisten, glitter, luster, reflect; see also Thesaurus:glisten

3. (intransitive, copulative) To distinguish oneself; to excel.

   Synonyms: excel, rule; see also Thesaurus:excel

   My nephew tried other sports before deciding on football, which he shone at right away, quickly becoming the star of his school team.

   • 1867, Frederick William Robinson, No Man's Friend, Harper & Brothers, page 91:

     “ […] I was grateful to you for giving him a year’s schooling—where he shined at it—and for putting him as a clerk in your counting-house, where he shined still more.”

   • 2011 January 15, Phil McNulty, “Tottenham 0 - 0 Man Utd”, in BBC‎:

     It prompted an exchange of substitutions as Jermain Defoe replaced Palacios and Javier Hernandez came on for Berbatov, who had failed to shine against his former club.

   • 2023 May 25, Dua Lipa, Caroline Ailin, Andrew Wyatt, Mark Ronson, “Dance the Night”, in Barbie the Album‎, performed by Dua Lipa:

     I can take the heat, baby, best believe
     That's the moment I shine

4. (intransitive, copulative) To be effulgent in splendour or beauty.
   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book I, Canto IV”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 10:

     So proud she shyned in her Princely state.

   • 1728, [Alexander Pope], “(please specify the page)”, in The Dunciad. An Heroic Poem. […], Dublin; London: […] A. Dodd, →OCLC:

     Once brightest shined this child of heat and air.

5. (intransitive, copulative) To be eminent, conspicuous, or distinguished; to exhibit brilliant intellectual powers.
   • c. 1713, Jonathan Swift, Thoughts on Various Subjects:

     Few are qualified to shine in company; but it in most men's power to be agreeable.

6. (intransitive, copulative) To be immediately apparent.
7. (transitive) To create light with (a flashlight, lamp, torch, or similar).

   I shone my light into the darkness to see what was making the noise.

   • 2007, David Lynn Goleman, Legend: An Event Group Thriller, St. Martin’s Press, published 2008, →ISBN, page 318:

     As Jenks shined the large spotlight on the water, he saw a few bubbles and four long wakes leading away from an expanding circle of blood.

8. (transitive) To cause to shine, as a light or by reflected light.

   Synonyms: belight, shed light on; see also Thesaurus:illuminate

   in hunting, to shine the eyes of a deer at night by throwing a light on them

   • 1625, Francis [Bacon], “Of Goodness and Goodness of Nature”, in The Essayes […], 3rd edition, London: […] Iohn Haviland for Hanna Barret, →OCLC:

     He [God] doth not rain wealth, nor shine honour and virtues, upon men equally.

派生語

名詞

shine (countable and uncountable, plural shines)

1. Brightness from a source of light.

   Synonyms: effulgence, radiance, radiancy, refulgence, refulgency

   • 1850, Nathaniel Hawthorne, The Scarlet Letter, a Romance, Boston, Mass.: Ticknor, Reed, and Fields, →OCLC:

     the distant shine of the celestial city

2. Brightness from reflected light.

   Synonym: luster

3. Excellence in quality or appearance; splendour.

   Synonyms: brilliance, splendor

4. Shoeshine.

   Synonym: see shoeshine

   • 1980, Paul Schrader, American Gigolo, spoken by Julian Kaye (Richard Gere):

     Take a shine. You need it.

5. Sunshine (typically in contrast with rain).

   Synonym: see sunshine

   • 1685, John Dryden, Sylvae:

     be fair or foul, or rain or shine

6. (slang) Moonshine; an illicitly brewed alcoholic drink.

   Synonyms: bathtub gin, bootleg, corn liquor, hooch, mountain dew, white lightning, coon-dick, coondick

7. (slang, derogatory, offensive, ethnic slur) A black person.
   • 1970, Wally Feris, Across 110th, page 152:

     "If you want your black head blown off, shine, you just make a move to stop us."

8. (cricket) The amount of shininess on a cricket ball, or on each side of the ball.
9. (slang) A liking for a person; a fancy.

   Synonyms: affinity, liking; see also Thesaurus:predilection

   She's certainly taken a shine to you.

10. (archaic, slang) A caper; an antic; a row.

派生語

語源 2

From the noun shine, or perhaps continuing 中期英語 schinen in its causative uses, from 古期英語 scīn (“brightness, shine”), and also 中期英語 schenen, from 古期英語 scǣnan (“to render brilliant, make shine”), from Proto-Germanic *skainijaną, causative of *skīnaną (“to shine”).

動詞

shine (third-person singular simple present shines, present participle shining, simple past and past participle shined)

1. (transitive) To cause (something) to be smooth and shiny by rubbing; put a shine on (something); polish (something).

   Synonyms: wax, buff, polish, furbish, burnish, smooth, smoothen

   He shined my shoes until they were polished smooth and gleaming.

2. (transitive, cricket) To polish a cricket ball using saliva and one’s clothing.

アナグラム

• Enshi, Heins, Hines, NIEHS, hsien

名詞

shine

1. alternative form of schyne (“shin”)

語源 2

動詞

shine

1. alternative form of schinen