英和和英

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ɡləʊ/
• (General American) IPA: /ɡloʊ/
• 韻: -əʊ

語源 1

The verb is derived from 中期英語 glouen, glowen (“to give off heat and light without flame; of a thing: to be heated until red hot; to be brightly coloured; to shine brightly; (figurative) to be filled with emotion; of the face, etc.: to turn red, flush; etc.”), and then either:

• from 古期英語 glōwan (“to glow”) (a strong verb), from Proto-West Germanic *glōan (“to glow”); or
• because the 中期英語 and modern English words are weak verbs, possibly from Old Norse *glówa, thought to be a variant of glóa (“to glow”), also a weak verb;

both from Proto-Germanic *glōaną (“to glow”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰleh₁- (“to shine, glow; to be shining, glowing”). Possibly a doublet of glass.

The noun is derived from the verb.

動詞

glow (third-person singular simple present glows, present participle glowing, simple past glowed or (dialectal) glew, past participle glowed or (dialectal) glew or (dialectal) glown)

1. (intransitive)
   1. To emit heat and light without a flame.

      Iron glows red hot when heated to near its melting point.

   2. Of a fire: to emit heat and light.

      The fire was still glowing after ten hours.

      • 1717, Joseph Addison, “Book II. [The Story of Phaeton.]”, in Ovid’s Metamorphoses in Fifteen Books. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, page 40:

        The mettled Steeds, vvhen from their Noſtrils flovvs / The ſcorching Fire, that in their Entrails glovvs.

      • 1854 March, James Russell Lowell, “A Winter-evening Hymn to My Fire”, in Under the Willows and Other Poems, Boston, Mass.: Fields, Osgood, & Co., successors to Ticknor and Fields, published 1869, →OCLC, stanza I, page 161:

        To-night will I pure Magian be, / Hymns to thy [a fire's] sole honor raising, / While thou leapest fast and faster, / Wild with self-delighted glee, / Or sink'st low and glowest faintly / As an aureole still and saintly, / Keeping cadence to my praising / Thee! still thee! and only thee!

      • 1859, [Martha Perry Lowe], “A Song of the Sun. Seville.”, in The Olive and the Pine, Boston, Mass.: Crosby, Nichols, and Co., […], →OCLC, page 8:

        The Sun, how it gloweth, all day gloweth down, / On the gray of thy turrets, O wonderful town!

   3. To emit light brightly and steadily as if heated to a high temperature; to shine.
      • 1667, John Milton, “Book IV”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC, signature [N4], verso, lines 604–605:

        [N]ovv glovv'd the Firmament / VVith living Saphirs: […]

      • 1715, [Alexander] Pope, The Temple of Fame: A Vision, London: […] Bernard Lintott […], →OCLC, page 17:

        The Temple ſhakes, the ſounding Gates unfold, / VVide Vaults appear, and Roofs of fretted Gold: / […] / Of bright, tranſparent Beryl vvere the VValls, / The Freezes Gold, and Gold the Capitals: / As Heaven vvith Stars, the Roof vvith Jevvels glovvs, / And ever living Lamps depend in Rovvs.

   4. To be very hot; also, to be on fire; to burn.
      • 1697, Virgil, “The First Book of the Georgics”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, page 59, lines 322–323:

        [T]he torrid Zone / Glovvs vvith the paſſing and repaſſing Sun.

      • 1789, [Erasmus Darwin], “Canto II”, in The Botanic Garden; a Poem, in Two Parts. […], London: J[oseph] Johnson, […], published 1791, →OCLC, part II (The Loves of the Plants; 3rd edition), pages 61–62, lines 283–288:

        Firſt vvith nice eye emerging Naiads cull / From leathery pods the vegetable vvool [cotton]; / VVith vviry teeth revolving cards releaſe / The tangled knots, and ſmooth the ravell'd fleece; / […] / Then fly the ſpoles, the rapid axles glovv, / And ſlovvly circumvolves the labouring vvheel belovv.

      • 1842, [Edward Bulwer-Lytton], chapter XIII, in Zanoni. […], volume III, London: Saunders & Otley, […], →OCLC, 7th book (The Reign of Terror), page 257:

        [N]ow, evermore, till thy long race is run, mine eyes shall glow into thy brain, and mine arms shall clasp thee, when thou wouldst take the wings of the Morning, and flee from the embrace of Night!

   5. (figurative)
      1. Of a colour: to be bright; also, of a thing: to have a bright colour.

         The new baby’s room glows with bright, loving colours.

         • 1667, John Milton, “Book VII”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC, signature [F3], verso, lines 1255–1257:

           To vvhom the Angel vvith a ſmile that glovv'd / Celeſtial roſie red, Loves proper hue, / Anſvver'd.

         • 1693, Decimus Junius Juvenalis, John Dryden Jun., transl., “[The Satires of Decimus Junius Juvenalis.] The Fourteenth Satyr”, in The Satires of Decimus Junius Juvenalis. Translated into English Verse. […] Together with the Satires of Aulus Persius Flaccus. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson […], →OCLC, page 285, lines 241–242:

           Vice dvvells in Palaces, is Richly Dreſt, / There glovvs in Scarlet, and the Tyrian Veſt.

         • 1712 May, Ovid, “The Fable of Vertumnus and Pomona; from the Fourteenth Book of Ovid’s Metamorphoses”, in [Alexander] Pope, transl., Miscellaneous Poems and Translations. […], London: […] Bernard Lintott […], →OCLC, page 135:

           [T]he fair Fruit that on yon' Branches glovvs / VVith that ripe red th' Autumnal Sun beſtovvs, […]

         • a. 1749 (date written), James Thomson, “Summer”, in The Seasons, London: […] A[ndrew] Millar, and sold by Thomas Cadell, […], published 1768, →OCLC, pages 95–96, lines 1325–1326:

           As ſhines the lily thro' the cryſtal mild; / Or as the roſe amid the morning devv, / Freſh from Aurora’s hand, more ſvveetly glovvs.

         • 1827 November 11 (date written), Walter Scott, “[Entry dated 11 November 1827]”, in David Douglas, editor, The Journal of Sir Walter Scott […], volume II, Edinburgh: David Douglas, published 1890, →OCLC, page 64:

           The hills glowed like purple amethysts, the sky glowed topaz and vermilion colours.

         • 1834, [Edward Bulwer-Lytton], “The Two Gentlemen of Pompei”, in The Last Days of Pompeii. […], volume I, London: Richard Bentley, […]; successor to Henry Colburn, →OCLC, book I, page 6:

           [H]is tunic glowed in the richest hues of the Tyrian dye, and the fibulæ, or buckles, by which it was fastened sparkled with emeralds: […]

         • 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter V, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC, pages 51–52:

           Here, in the transept and choir, where the service was being held, one was conscious every moment of an increasing brightness; colours glowing vividly beneath the circular chandeliers, and the rows of small lights on the choristers' desks flashed and sparkled in front of the boys' faces, deep linen collars, and red neckbands.

      2. Of a person: to display intense emotion.

         The zealots glowed with religious fervor.

         You are glowing from happiness!

         • 1669 June (first performance), John Dryden, Tyrannick Love, or, The Royal Martyr. […], London: […] H[enry] Herringman, […], published 1670, →OCLC, Act II, scene iii, page 19:

           A fire vvhich every vvindy paſſion blovvs; / VVith pride it mounts, and vvith revenge it glovvs.

         • 1706 (date written), Mat[thew] Prior, “An Ode, Humbly Inscrib’d to the Queen. On the Glorious Success of Her Majesty’s Arms, 1706. Written in Imitation of Spencer’s Stile.”, in Poems on Several Occasions, London: […] Jacob Tonson […], →OCLC, stanza XV, page 286:

           But vvhile vvith fierceſt Ire Bellona glovvs, / And Europe rather Hopes than Fears Her Fate: / VVhile Britain preſes Her afflicted Foes: / VVhat Horror damps the Strong, and quells the Great?

         • 1717, Homer, translated by Alexander Pope, “Book IX”, in The Iliad of Homer, volume III, London: […] W[illiam] Bowyer, for Bernard Lintott […], →OCLC, page 36, lines 723–726:

           Is it for him theſe Tears are taught to flovv, / For him theſe Sorrovvs? for my mortal Foe? / A gen'rous Friendſhip no cold Medium knovvs, / Burns vvith one Love, vvith one Reſentment glovvs; […]

         • 1732, George Berkeley, “The Third Dialogue”, in Alciphron: Or, The Minute Philosopher. […], volume I, London: […] J[acob] Tonson […], →OCLC, section I, page 157:

           [H]e […] defined Honour to be a certain Ardour or Enthuſiaſm that glovved in the breaſt of a gallant Man.

         • 1741, [Samuel Richardson], “The Journal Continued. [Thursday.]”, in Pamela: Or, Virtue Rewarded. […], 3rd edition, volume II, London: […] C[harles] Rivington, […]; and J. Osborn, […], →OCLC, page 80:

           I glovv'd betvveen Shame and Delight. O hovv I felt my Cheeks burn!

         • 1754, “[Hymns German and English; the Former Mostly about the End of the Seventeenth, the Latter in the Eighteenth Century.] O un Liebe meiner liebe. [O My Love, My Love]”, in [anonymous], transl., A Collection of Hymns of the Children of God in All Ages, from the Beginning till Now. In Two Parts. Designed Chiefly for the Use of the Congregations in Union with the Brethren’s Church, London: […] [J. Beecroft], […], →OCLC, part I (Containing Hymns of the Church of God in Preceding Times), stanza 2, page 346, column 1:

           Love! vvho vvithout ceaſing glovvedſt, / Tho' dire Pangs thy Heart beſet: […]

         • 1788, Edward Gibbon, “The Conquest of Persia, Syria, Egypt, Africa, and Spain, by the Arabs or Saracens—Empire of the Caliphs, or Successors of Mahomet—State of the Christians, &c. under Their Government”, in The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, volume V, London: […] W[illiam] Strahan; and T[homas] Cadell, […], →OCLC, page 321:

           [I]n the defence of the ſepulchre of Chriſt, the natives and ſtrangers might feel ſome ſparks of the enthuſiaſm vvhich ſo fiercely glovved in the boſoms of the Saracens.

         • [1839], Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, “Prometheus”, in [Edgar Alfred] Bowring, transl., The Complete Works of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe […], volume V (Poems), New York, N.Y.: P[eter] F[enelon] Collier & Son, →OCLC, page 173:

           Who rescued me from certain death, / From slavery? / Didst thou not do all this thyself, / My sacred glowing heart? / And glowedst, young and good, / Deceived with grateful thanks / To yonder slumbering one?

         • 1851, Thomas Babington Macaulay, chapter XV, in The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, volume III, London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, →OCLC, page 521:

           The Tories, glowing with resentment which was but too just, were resolved to listen to no terms of compromise.

      3. Of a person's body or a part of it: to feel hot and often to flush (“become suffused with a reddish colour”) as well, due to an emotional response, exertion, etc.

         After their workout, the gymnasts’ faces were glowing.

         • 1601, C[aius] Plinius Secundus [i.e., Pliny the Elder], “[Book XXVIII.] Whether Words, Spels, or Charmes, are Available in Physicke. Also whither Wonders and Strange Prodigies may be either Wrought and Procured, or Put by and Avoided by Them, or No..”, in Philemon Holland, transl., The Historie of the World. Commonly Called, The Naturall Historie of C. Plinius Secundus. […], 2nd tome, London: […] Adam Islip, →OCLC, page 297:

           Moreover, is not this an opinion generally received, That vvhen our ears do glovv and tingle, ſome there be that in our abſence doe talke of us?

         • 1712 (date written), [Joseph] Addison, Cato, a Tragedy. […], London: […] J[acob] Tonson, […], published 1713, →OCLC, Act III, scene i, page 41:

           Did not he lead you through the Mid-day Sun, / And Clouds of Duſt? Did not his Temples glovv / In the ſame ſultry VVinds, and ſcorching Heats?

         • 1717, John Dryden, “Book I. [The Transformation of Daphne into a Laurel.]”, in Ovid’s Metamorphoses in Fifteen Books. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, page 22:

           She glovvs vvith Bluſhes, and ſhe hangs her Head.

         • 1720, John Gay, “[Miscellanies.] Sweet William’s Farewell to Black-eye’d Susan. A Ballad..”, in Poems on Several Occasions, volume II, London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], and Bernard Lintot, […], →OCLC, stanza II, page 405:

           VVilliam, vvho high upon the yard [of a ship], / Rock'd vvith the billovv to and fro, / […] / The cord ſlides ſvviftly through his glovving hands, / And, (quick as lightning,) on the deck he ſtands.

         • 1838, [Edward Bulwer-Lytton], chapter VII, in Alice or The Mysteries […], volume I, London: Saunders and Otley, […], →OCLC, book III, page 301:

           [H]er cheek glowed while she spoke; but an arch, provokiong smile was on her lips.

         • 1855, Charles Kingsley, “How Mr. Oxenham Saw the White Bird”, in Westward Ho!: Or, The Voyages and Adventures of Sir Amyas Leigh, Knight, […], volume I, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: Macmillan & Co., →OCLC, page 23:

           "And how do you know that, my sweet Madam?" said the adventurer, turning first deadly pale, and then glowing red.

      4. (chiefly US, Internet slang) To be involved in an (chiefly online) undercover sting operation, especially by American federal agencies.
         • 2018 August 26, anonymous author, “Cryptographic Crumpling: The Encryption ‘Middle Ground’ for Government Surveillance”, in alt.privacy‎ (Usenet):

           If this post glows any brighter I'm going to need sunglasses. 😄🕶👌

      5. (chiefly US, Internet slang, alt-right) To create a threatening online post that may involve violence, and look suspicious enough to attract a police investigation.

         Coordinate term: fedpost

2. (transitive)
   1. (archaic or obsolete) To emit (flame).
      • 1743, [Edward Young], “Night the Fourth. The Christian Triumph.”, in The Complaint: Or, Night-Thoughts on Life, Death, and Immortality, London: […] R[obert] Dodsley, […], →OCLC, page 9:

        Shall Pagan Pages glovv celeſtial Flame, / And Chriſtian, languiſh?

        A figurative use.

   2. (figurative, Internet slang, alt-right) To expose (someone) to the authorities.
   3. (obsolete) To make (something) hot; to heat.
      • c. 1606–1607 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Anthonie and Cleopatra”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene ii], page 347, column 1:

        On each ſide her, / Stood pretty Dimpled Boyes, like ſmiling Cupids, / VVith diuers coulour'd Fannes vvhoſe vvinde did ſeeme / To gloue the delicate cheekes vvhich they did coole, / And vvhat they vndid did.

Conjugation

派生語

関連する語

• gleed
• glowie (“informant, spy”)

名詞

glow (countable and uncountable, plural glows)

1. A state of heat and light being emitted by a hot object.
   • 1827, [John Keble], “Fourth Sunday after Easter”, in The Christian Year: Thoughts in Verse for the Sundays and Holydays throughout the Year, volume I, Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] [B]y W. Baxter, for J. Parker; and C[harles] and J[ohn] Rivington, […], →OCLC, page 171:

     The struggling spark of good within, / Just smother'd in the strife of sin, / They quicken to a timely glow, / The pure flame spreading high and low.

     A figurative use.

   • 1847, R[alph] W[aldo] Emerson, “Woodnotes”, in Poems, Boston, Mass.: James Munroe and Company, →OCLC, part II, page 75:

     My garden is the cloven rock, / And my manure the snow; / And drifting sand-heaps feed my stock, / In summer's scorching glow.

   • 1953, Samuel Beckett, chapter II, in Watt, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Grove Press, published 1959, →OCLC, page 114:

     [T]he light, though hidden by the corner, shone through the passage window and made a glow, in the air, a glow that could be seen, especially when the night was dark, from no less a distance than ten or fifteen paces. Thus all that Art and Con had to do, when the night was favourable, was to advance a little way along the avenue, until they reached the place whence the light, if it was burning, must be visible, as a glow, a feeble glow, in the air, and thence to go on, towards the back door, or to go back, towards the gate, as the case might be.

   • 1994, Stephen Fry, chapter 2, in The Hippopotamus, London: Quality Paperbacks Direct, page 23:

     The door of the twins' room opposite was open; a twenty-watt night-light threw a weak yellow glow into the passageway. David could hear the twins breathing in time with each other.

2. A state of heat being emitted by a person or an animal's body.
   • 1843 December 19, Charles Dickens, “Stave I. Marley’s Ghost.”, in A Christmas Carol. In Prose. Being a Ghost Story of Christmas, London: Chapman & Hall, […], →OCLC, page 7:

     He had so heated himself with rapid walking in the fog and frost, this nephew of Scrooge's, that he was all in a glow; his face was ruddy and handsome; his eyes sparkled, and his breath smoked again.

   • 1864 May – 1865 November, Charles Dickens, “Cut Adrift”, in Our Mutual Friend. […], volume I, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published 1865, →OCLC, 1st book (The Cup and the Lip), page 56:

     ["]You must be frozen." / "Well, Lizzie, I ain't of a glow; that's certain. And my hands seemed nailed through to the sculls. See how dead they are!"

3. A state of light being emitted by something (for example, a bioluminescent animal or fungus, or a mineral) which is not hot; luminescence.

   Hyponyms: bioluminescence, fluorescence

   • 2025 December 9, Veronique Greenwood, “Your Bedroom Probably Isn’t Dark Enough”, in Time‎, New York, N.Y.: Time Inc., →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 9 December 2025:

     So if you find yourself regularly up late at night, basking in the TV's glow, you might be doing more than just depriving yourself of sleep.

4. (figurative)
   1. A state of brightness or warmth of colour; specifically, a reddish colour on a person's face indicating health or youth; a flush.

      He had a bright red glow on his face.

      • c. 1598–1600 (date written), William Shakespeare, “As You Like It”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene iv], page 199, column 1:

        If you vvill ſee a pageant truely plaid / Betvveene the pale complexion of true Loue, / And the red glovve of ſcorne and provvd diſdaine, / Goe hence a little, and I ſhall conduct you / If you vvill marke it.

      • 1730, James Thomson, “Summer. Inscribed to the Right Honourable Mr. Dodington.”, in The Seasons, London: [s.n.], →OCLC, page 112, lines 1025–1027:

        As ſhines the lily thro' the cryſtal mild; / Or as the roſe amid the morning-devv / Puts on a vvarmer glovv.

      • 1775 November 21 (first performance), R[ichard] B[rinsley] Sheridan, The Duenna: A Comic Opera. […], London: […] G[eorge] Woodfall, […], for T[homas] N[orton] Longman, […], published 1794, →OCLC, Act II, scene i, page 33:

        [T]he roſes on thoſe cheeks are ſhaded vvith a ſort of velvet dovvn, that gives a delicacy to the glovv of health.

      • 1813, Walter Scott, “Canto First”, in Rokeby; a Poem, Edinburgh: […] [F]or John Ballantyne and Co. […]; London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown; by James Ballantyne and Co., […], →OCLC, stanza I, page 3:

        The Moon is in her summer glow, / But hoarse and high the breezes blow, / And, racking o'er her face, the cloud / Varies the tincture of her shroud; […]

      • 1850, [Alfred, Lord Tennyson], “Canto II”, in In Memoriam, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC, stanza 3, page 2:

        O! not for thee the glow, the bloom, / ⁠Who changest not in any gale! / ⁠Nor branding summer suns avail / To touch thy thousand years of gloom.

      • 1851, Thomas Babington Macaulay, chapter XX, in The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, volume IV, London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, →OCLC, page 534:

        Mary [II] was gone, cut off in the prime of life, in the glow of beauty, in the height of prosperity; and Anne would do well to profit by the warning.

      • 1877 September 14, Robert Browning, “La Saisiaz”, in La Saisiaz: The Two Poets of Croisic, London: Smith, Elder, & Co., […], published 1878, →OCLC, pages 15–16:

        Up I rose and forth I fared: / Took my plunge within the bath-pool, pacified the watch-dog scared, / Saw proceed the transmutation—Jura's black to one gold glow, […]

   2. A condition of being passionate or having warm feelings; an ardour.
      • 1815 March (date written), Lord Byron, “Stanzas for Music”, in Poems, London: […] [F]or John Murray, […]; by W[illiam] Bulmer and Co. […], published 1816, →OCLC, stanza 1, page 16:

        There's not a joy the world can give like that it takes away, / When the glow of early thought declines in feeling's dull decay; […]

      • 1862 July – 1863 August, George Eliot [pseudonym; Mary Ann Evans], “An Arresting Voice”, in Romola. […], volume II, London: Smith, Elder and Co., […], published 1863, →OCLC, book II, page 263:

        […] Romola felt herself surrounded and possessed by the glow of his passionate faith.

      • 1864 May – 1865 November, Charles Dickens, “The Golden Dustman Falls into Worse Company”, in Our Mutual Friend. […], volume II, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published 1865, →OCLC, 3rd book (A Long Lane), page 45:

        "And you come, brother," said Mr. Wegg, in a hospitable glow, "you come like I don't know what—exactly like it—I shouldn't know you from it—shedding a halo all around you."

派生語

語源 2

From Late 中期英語 glouen (“to gaze, stare”); further etymology uncertain, possibly either:

• from glouen, glowen (“to give off heat and light without flame; of a thing: to be heated until red hot; to be brightly coloured; to shine brightly; (figurative) to be filled with emotion; of the face, etc.: to turn red, flush; etc.”); or
• from Old Norse glóa (“to shine”) (whence Norwegian Nynorsk glo (“to stare”) and Swedish glo (“to stare”)).

See further at etymology 1.

動詞

glow (third-person singular simple present glows, present participle glowing, simple past and past participle glowed)

1. (intransitive, obsolete except UK, dialectal) To look intently; to stare.
   • 1611, Randle Cotgrave, compiler, “Borgnoyer”, in A Dictionarie of the French and English Tongues, London: […] Adam Islip, →OCLC, signature Eeee iij, recto, column 1:

     Borgnoyer. To vvant an eye; to looke, or ſee but vvith one eye; […] alſo, to glovv, glote, or loure.

   • 1679, [John] Dryden, [Nathaniel] Lee, Oedipus: A Tragedy. […], London: […] R. Bentley and M. Magnes […], →OCLC, Act IV, page 60:

     [A] thouſand frantick Spirits / Peep'd from the VVatry brink, and glovv'd upon me.

   • 1856, Elizabeth Barrett Browning, “Second Book”, in Aurora Leigh, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published 1857, →OCLC, page 55:

     Then he glowed on me / With all his face and eyes.

     The Oxford English Dictionary regards this as a use of glow (etymology 1).

派生語

• glower (possibly)

参照

Further reading

• glow (disambiguation) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

アナグラム

• gowl, w.l.o.g., wlog

動詞

glow

1. alternative form of glewen (“to play music, have fun”)

語源 2

動詞

glow

1. alternative form of glewen (“to glue”)