-anとは

接尾辞

-an

1. Of or pertaining to; an adjectival suffix appended to various words, often nouns, to make an adjective form. (Often added to words of Latin origin, but also used with words of other origins. When a word ends in a, -n is used instead.)

   Rome + ‎-an → ‎Roman

   Synonyms: -al, -ar, -ese, -esque, -ic, -id, -ish, -like, -oid, -ous, -y

2. Appended to nouns to form an agent noun. (When males with a profession are distinguished from females, males are -an, females -(i)enne.)

   comedy + ‎-an → ‎comedian

   history + ‎-an → ‎historian

別の表記

• -ian
• -n (when added to a word ending in a)

派生語

アナグラム

• N.A., N/A, NA, n.a., n/a, na

語源

From Proto-Germanic *-aną

接尾辞

-an

1. (verbal suffix) used to form the infinitive of most verbs (exceptions are verbs like flēon (“to flee”))

   singan (“to sing”)

   niman (“to take”)

語源 1

From 古期英語 ān.

冠詞

an

1. Form of a used before a vowel sound
   • 1898, Winston Churchill, chapter 2, in The Celebrity:

     Sunning himself on the board steps, I saw for the first time Mr. Farquhar Fenelon Cooke. He was dressed out in broad gaiters and bright tweeds, like an English tourist, and his face might have belonged to Dagon, idol of the Philistines.

2. (now quite まれに) Form of a used before /h/ in an unstressed syllable
3. (nonstandard) Form of a used before /h/ in a stressed syllable

使用する際の注意点

• In standard English, the article an is used before vowel sounds, while a is used before consonant sounds. Alternatively, an can be found before an unstressed syllable beginning with an h-sound, as in an historic. The h may then become silent or is at least very weakly articulated. This usage is favoured by only 6% of British speakers, and is only slightly more common in writing.^[1]
• In the other direction, a can rarely be found before a vowel in nonstandard (often dialectal) speech and written representations thereof, as in "ain't this a innerestin sitchation" (Moira Young, Blood Red Road).
• The various article senses of a are all senses of an.

参照

語源 2

From Middle English an.

接続詞

an

1. (archaic) If
   • 1596-97, William Shakespeare, The Merchant of Venice, Act I Scene 2:

     […] An the worst fall that ever fell, I hope I shall make shift to go without him.

   • 1886-88, Richard F. Burton, The Supplemental Nights to the Thousand Nights and a Night:

     Thereupon, quoth he, "O woman, for sundry days I have seen thee attend the levée sans a word said; so tell me an thou have any requirement I may grant."

2. (archaic) So long as.

   An it harm none, do what ye will.

3. (archaic) As if; as though.
   • 1797, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, The Rime of the Ancyent Marinere (original version), 61-64:

     At length did cross an Albatross, / Thorough the Fog it came; / And an it were a Christian Soul, / We hail'd it in God's Name.

語源 3

Borrowed from Georgian ან (an).

名詞

an (複数形 ans)

1. The first letter of the Georgian alphabet, ა (Mkhedruli), Ⴀ (Asomtavruli) or ⴀ (Nuskhuri).

語源 4

From the 古期英語 an, on (preposition).

前置詞

an

1. In each; to or for each; per.

   I was only going twenty miles an hour.

使用する際の注意点

• This is the same as the word a in such contexts, modified because of preceding an unpronounced h. The train was speeding along at a mile a minute.

同意語

• per

参照

• an in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913

アナグラム

• N.A., N/A, NA, n.a., n/a, na

Latin

語源

From Proto-Italic *an, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂en. Cognate with Lithuanian angu (“または”), Gothic ���� (an, “so? now?”). May also be related to Ancient Greek ἄν (án, particle), Sanskrit अना (anā́), Avestan ������‎ (anā), Lithuanian anàs, Proto-Slavic *onъ.^[1]

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /an/

接続詞

an

1. or, or whether (A conjunction that introduces the second part of a disjunctive interrogation, または a phrase implying doubt.)
   1. in disjunctive interrogations
      1. direct
         1. (introduced by utrum (“whether”))
         2. (introduced by -ne (interrogative enclitic))
         3. (introduced by nonne (“[is it] not”))
         4. (introduced by num (interrogative particle))
         5. (without an introductory particle)
      2. indirect
         1. (introduced by utrum (“whether”))
         2. (introduced by -ne, interrogative enclitic)
         3. (introduced by an)
         4. (without an introductory particle)
      3. or rather, or on the contrary (where the opinion of the speaker または the probability inclines to the second interrogative clause, かつ this is made emphatic, as a corrective of the former)
         1. hence, in the comic poets, as an potius
      4. or, or rather, or indeed, or perhaps (where, as is frequent, the first part of the interrogation is not expressed, but is to be supplied from the context, an begins the interrogation, but it does not begin an absolute – i.e., non-disjunctive – interrogation)
      5. (in the phrase an nōn) or not
         1. in direct questions
         2. in indirect questions
      6. (in the phrase an ne) pleonastic usage for an
         1. in direct questions
         2. in indirect questions
   2. (in disjunctive clauses that express doubt) or
      1.  ?
      2. denoting uncertainty by itself, without a verb of doubting
      3. (chiefly in かつ after the Augustean period) standing for sīve
      4. where the first disjunctive clause is to be supplied from the general idea or where an stands for utrum or necne
      5. Since in such distributive sentences expressive of doubt, the opinion of the speaker or the probability usually inclines to the second, i.e. to the clause beginning with an, the expressions haud sciō an, nesciō an, and dubitō an incline to an affirmative signification, “I almost know”, “I am inclined to think”, “I almost think”, “I might say”, “I might assert that”, etc., for “perhaps”, “probably”.
      6. Sometimes the distributive clause beginning with an designates directly the opposite, the more improbable, the negative; in which case nesciō an, haud sciō an, etc., like the English I know not whether, signify “I think that not”, “I believe that not”, etc.

使用する際の注意点

• Used with utrum (“whether”) in the construction utrum...an (“whether...or”):

  Nescio quid intersit, utrum nunc veniam, an ad decem annos.

  I know not what matter it is, whether I come now or after ten years.

派生語

参照

• ăn in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• an in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[2], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to offer a person the alternative of... or..: optionem alicui dare, utrum...an
    
  • it is a debated point whether... or..: in contentione ponitur, utrum...an
    
  • it is a difficult point, disputed question: magna quaestio est (followed by an indirect question)
    
  • to keep, celebrate a festival: diem festum agere (of an individual)
    

別の表記

• ǣn

語源

From Proto-Germanic *ainaz, from Proto-Indo-European *óynos. Germanic cognates include Old Frisian ān, Old Saxon ēn, Dutch een, Old High German ein (German ein), Old Norse einn (Swedish en), Gothic �������� (ains). The Indo-European root is also the source of Latin ūnus, Ancient Greek οἶος (oîos), Old Irish oen.

発音

• IPA^(key): /ɑːn/

数詞

ān

1. (cardinal) one

語形変化

使用する際の注意点

As in modern English, usage doubles as both a numeral and a pronoun.

冠詞

ān

1. a; an (indefinite article)

形容詞

ān

1. lone
2. sole

派生語

• ānġenga
• ānhaga
• āntīd

関連する語

• forma
• formesta, formest
• fyrmesta, fyrmest
• fyresta, fyrest
• ǣresta, ǣrest

派生した語

• Middle English: an, oan, on, oon, a, o, oo
  • English: one, an, a
  • Scots: ane, ae
  • Yola: oan

短縮形

an'

1. Nonstandard form of and.

   She'll be ridin' an' comin' up soon. The smart girl an' the silly boy.

アナグラム

• N.A., N/A, NA, n.a., n/a, na

別の表記

• on-, a-

接頭辞

an-

1. Alternative form of on-

   ancome, aneal, anent

語源 2

From Middle English an-, and-, from 古期英語 and-, ond- (“and-, back, against”). More at and-.

接頭辞

an-

1. (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?) A reduced form of and-.

   answer

語源 3

From Ancient Greek ἀν- (an-).

接頭辞

an-

1. not; used to make words that have a sense opposite to the word (または stem) to which the prefix is attached. Used with stems that begin with vowels and "h".

派生語

• anarchy
• anechoic
• anharmonic

関連する語

• a-

参考

• anti-
• in-
• non-
• un-

アナグラム

• N.A., N/A, NA, n.a., n/a, na

別の表記

• ǣn-

語源

From ān (“one”).

接頭辞

ān-

1. one, uni-, only

   āncyn (“only, unique”)

2. sole, single, solitary; alone

   ānbūend (“hermit”)

   ānġilde (“single payment”)