pineとは 意味・読み方・使い方

別の表記

• pyne (廃れた用法)

発音

• (英国発音, 米国発音) IPA^(key): /paɪn/
• 韻: -aɪn

語源 1

From Middle English pyne, from Latin pīnus, from Proto-Indo-European *peyH- (“sap, juice”). Cognate with Sanskrit पितु (pitu, “sap, juice, resin”). Doublet of pinus.

名詞

pine (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 pines)

1. (countable, uncountable) Any coniferous tree of the genus Pinus.

   Synonyms: pine tree, pinus

   • 1913, Joseph C. Lincoln, chapter 1, in Mr. Pratt's Patients:

     I stumbled along through the young pines and huckleberry bushes. Pretty soon I struck into a sort of path that, I cal'lated, might lead to the road I was hunting for. It twisted and turned, and, the first thing I knew, made a sudden bend around a bunch of bayberry scrub and opened out into a big clear space like a lawn.

   • 1963, Margery Allingham, “Miss Thyrza’s Chair”, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC, page 41:

     Sepia Delft tiles surrounded the fireplace, their crudely drawn Biblical scenes in faded cyclamen blending with the pinkish pine, while above them, instead of a mantelshelf, there was an archway high enough to form a balcony with slender balusters and a tapestry-hung wall behind.

   The northern slopes were covered mainly in pine.

2. (countable) Any tree (usually coniferous) which resembles a member of this genus in some respect.
3. (uncountable) The wood of this tree.

   Synonym: pinewood

4. (archaic except Caribbean, Guyana, South Africa) A pineapple.
   • 1847 January – 1848 July, William Makepeace Thackeray, Vanity Fair […], London: Bradbury and Evans […], published 1848, →OCLC:

     " […] I bought a pine-apple at the same time, which I gave to Sambo. Let's have it for tiffin; very cool and nice this hot weather." Rebecca said she had never tasted a pine, and longed beyond everything to taste one.

   • 1918 June, Katherine Mansfield [pseudonym; Kathleen Mansfield Murry], “Prelude”, in Bliss and Other Stories, London: Constable & Company, published 1920, →OCLC, chapter 7, pages 38–39:

     Linda carried the oysters in one hand and the pineapple in the other. […] [S]he put the bottle of oysters and the pine on a little carved chair.

派生語

語源 2

From Middle English pine, pyne, from 古期英語 *pīn (“pain”), from Proto-Germanic *pīnō (“pain, torment, torture”), possibly from Latin poena (“punishment”), from Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ, “penalty, fine, bloodmoney”). Cognate to pain.

Entered Germanic with Christianity; cognate to Middle Dutch pinen, Old High German pīnōn, Old Norse pína.^[1]

名詞

pine (複数形 pines)

1. (archaic) A painful longing.

語源 3

From Middle English pinen, from 古期英語 pīnian (“to torment”), from Proto-Germanic *pīnōną, from Proto-Germanic *pīnō (“pain, torment, torture”), from the noun (see above). Cognate with German peinigen (“to torment, torture”), Icelandic pína (“to torment”).

動詞

pine (三人称単数 現在形 pines, 現在分詞 pining, 過去形および過去分詞形 pined)

1. (intransitive) To languish; to lose flesh or wear away through distress.

   Synonyms: languish, droop

   • c. 1589–1590, Christopher Marlo[we], Tho[mas] Heywood, editor, The Famous Tragedy of the Rich Ievv of Malta. […], London: […] I[ohn] B[eale] for Nicholas Vavasour, […], published 1633, →OCLC, Act I, [scene iii]:

     Why pine not I, and die in this distress?

   • 170?, Thomas Tickell, To a Lady; With a Present of Flowers:

     This night shall see the gaudy wreath decline, The roses wither and the lilies pine.

   • 1855, John Sullivan Dwight (translator), “Oh Holy Night”, as printed in 1871, Adolphe-Charles Adam (music), “Cantique de Noël”, G. Schirmer (New York), originally by Placide Cappeau de Roquemaure, 1847

     Long lay the world in sin and error pining / Till He appear’d and the soul felt its worth

   • 1994, Walter Dean Myers, The Glory Field‎^[1], →ISBN, page 29:

     The way the story went was that the man's foot healed up all right but that he just pined away.

   • 2001 May 15, Tool (lyrics かつ music), “Reflection” (track 11), in Lateralus‎^[2]:

     Before I pine away (Pine away)

2. (intransitive) To long, to yearn so much that it causes suffering.

   Synonyms: long, yearn

   Laura was pining for Bill all the time he was gone.

   • 1969 December 7, Monty Python, “Full Frontal Nudity, Dead Parrot sketch”, in Monty Python's Flying Circus, spoken by shopkeeper and Mr Praline (Michael Palin かつ John Cleese):

     Praline: "That parrot is definitely deceased. And when I bought it not half an hour ago you assured me that its lack of movement was due to it being tired and shagged out after a long squawk."
     Shopkeeper: "It's probably pining for the fiords."
     Praline: "Pining for the fiords, what kind of talk is that?"

   • 2016 August 14, Ross Douthat, “A Playboy for President”, in The New York Times‎^[3]:

     Ten years ago, liberals pined for a post-religious right, a different culture war. Be careful what you wish for.

   • 2019 August 14, A. A. Dowd, “Good Boys Puts a Tween Spin on the R-rated Teen Comedy, to Mostly Funny Effect”, in The A.V. Club‎^[4], archived from the original on 4 March 2021:

     Of the group, Max (Room’s Jacob Tremblay) is the most nominally mature, at least biologically speaking; unlike his childhood companions, he’s entered the early throes of puberty, and spends a lot of his waking hours pining, rather chastely, for a classmate (Millie Davis).

3. (transitive) To grieve or mourn for.
   • 1674, John Milton, “Book XI”, in Paradise Lost. […], 2nd edition, London: […] S[amuel] Simmons […], →OCLC, pages 299–300:

     [T]hou mayſt know / What miſerie th' inabſtinence of Eve / Shall bring on men. Immediately a place / Before his eyes appeard, ſad, noyſom, dark, / A Lazar-houſe it ſeemd, wherein were laid / Numbers all diſeas'd, […] / […] / Dæmoniac Phrenzie, moaping Melancholie / And Moon-ſtruck madneſs, pining Atrophie, / Maraſmus and wide-waſting Peſtilence.

4. (transitive) To inflict pain upon; to torment.

   Synonyms: torment, torture, afflict

   • 1648, Joseph Hall, “The Breathings of the Devout Soul”, in Josiah Pratt, editor, The Works of the Right Reverend Father in God, Joseph Hall, D.D. […], volume VI (Devotional Works), London: […] C[harles] Whittingham, […]; for Williams and Smith, […], published 1808, →OCLC, page 325:

     Which way, O Lord, which way can I look, and not see some sad examples of misery? […] [O]ne is pined in prison; another, tortured on the rack; a third, languisheth under the loss of a dear son, or wife, or husband.

派生語

• pine away
• pining stool

Further reading

• pine on Wikipedia.
• “pine”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
• pine at OneLook Dictionary Search

参照

アナグラム

• pein

Latin

名詞

pīne

1. vocative singular of pīnus

発音

• IPA^(key): /piːn/
• 韻: -iːn

接尾辞

-pine

1. (pharmacology) Used to form names of tricyclic compounds.

派生語