ponoとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈpoː.noː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈpɔː.no]
• ハイフネーション: po‧no

動詞

pōnō (present infinitive pōnere, perfect active posuī or posīvī, supine positum or postum); third conjugation

1. to place; to put; to lay [with accusative ‘something’, along with in (+ ablative or (less common) accusative) ‘in/on something’ or adverb of place or (sometimes) ablative]

   Synonyms: collocō, statuō, locō, sistō, fīgō, cōnstituō, struō, impōnō, dēfīgō

   • 8 CE, Ovidius, Fasti 5.652:

     montibus hīs pōnunt spemque laremque suum

     on these hills they place their hope and their home

   • c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico V.34:

     nostri, tametsi ab duce et a fortuna deserebantur, tamen omnem spem salutis in virtute ponebant.

     Our men, although they were abandoned by leader and fortune, nevertheless placed all hope of safety in their courage.

   • c. 347 CE – 420 CE, Hieronymus, Vulgate Lucas.9.16:

     acceptis autem quinque panibus et duobus piscibus respexit in caelum et benedixit illis et fregit et distribuit discipulis suis ut ponerent ante turbas

     Then he took the five loaves and the two fishes, and looking up to heaven, he blessed them, and broke, and gave to the disciples to set before the multitude.

2. to ordain; to appoint; to make (something)

   Synonyms: indīcō, imperō, praescrībō, iniungō, praecipiō, ēdīcō, mandō, iubeō, dictō

3. to set up; to pitch (camp)
4. to put away; to leave off; to dismiss; to forego; to lay down; to surrender
5. to posit; to offer; to assume; to suppose; to depict

   Synonyms: dēserō, relinquō, omittō, dēdō, concēdō, dēcēdō, reddō, remittō, dēstituō, dēficiō, oblīvīscor, cēdō, permittō, dissimulō, trādō, addīcō, praetereō, neglegō, tribuō

6. (poetic) to drop; to shed; to let fall
   • c. 37 BCE – 30 BCE, Vergilius, Georgicon 2.519:

     Venit hiems: teritur Sicyonia baca trapetis,
     glande sues laeti redeunt, dant arbuta silvae;
     et varios ponit fetus autumnus et alte
     mitis in apricis coquitur vindemia saxis.

     • Translation by James B. Greenough

       Winter is come: in olive-mills they bruise
       The Sicyonian berry; acorn-cheered
       The swine troop homeward; woods their arbutes yield;
       So, various fruit sheds Autumn, and high up
       On sunny rocks the mellowing vintage bakes.

Conjugation

At least one rare poetic syncopated perfect form is attested.

派生語

関連する語

派生した語

参照

Further reading

• “pono”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “pono”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “pono”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to offer a prize (for the winner): praemium ponere
    
  • to set up a statue in some one's honour: statuam alicui ponere, constituere
    
  • to apply oneself zealously, diligently to a thing: studium, industriam (not diligentiam) collocare, ponere in aliqua re
    
  • to throw doubt upon a thing: in dubio ponere
    
  • to cite a person or a thing as an example: aliquem (aliquid) exempli causa ponere, proferre, nominare, commemorare
    
  • it is a debated point whether... or..: in contentione ponitur, utrum...an
    
  • to bring a thing vividly before the eyes: ante oculos ponere aliquid
    
  • to give a general idea of a thing: in uno conspectu ponere aliquid
    
  • to make a short survey of a thing: in brevi conspectu ponere aliquid
    
  • to publish, make public: in medio ponere (proponere)
    
  • to propose, set a theme: ponere
    
  • to set some one a theme for discussion: ponere alicui, de quo disputet
    
  • to let those present fix any subject they like for discussion: ponere iubere, qua de re quis audire velit (Fin. 2. 1. 1)
    
  • to propose a subject of debate, put a question: quaestionem ponere, proponere
    
  • to lay down a book (vid. sect. XII. 3, note vestem deponere...): librum de manibus ponere
    
  • to set one's hope on some one: spem suam ponere, collocare in aliquo
    
  • to put confidence in some one: fiduciam in aliquo ponere, collocare
    
  • to consider virtue the highest good: summum bonum in virtute ponere
    
  • to place some one in ambush: aliquem in insidiis locare, collocare, ponere
    
  • to undress: vestem ponere (exuere)
    
  • to set food before a person: cibum apponere, ponere alicui
    
  • to consider a thing as profit: in lucro ponere aliquid (Flacc. 17. 40)
    
  • to pile arms (cf. sect. XII. 3, note vestem deponere...): arma ponere (not deponere)
    
  • to place a close line of sentry-posts: vigilias crebras ponere (Sall. Iug. 45. 2)
    
  • to encamp: castra ponere, locare
    
  • (ambiguous) to be favourably situated: opportuno loco situm or positum esse
    
  • (ambiguous) to fail to see what lies before one: quod ante pedes est or positum est, non videre
    
  • (ambiguous) to depend upon a thing: positum, situm esse in aliqua re
    
  • (ambiguous) to be in a person's power: in manu, in potestate alicuius situm, positum esse
    
  • (ambiguous) to consider a thing beneath one's dignity: aliquid infra se ducere or infra se positum arbitrari
    
  • (ambiguous) it is a matter of conjecture, supposition: aliquid in coniectura positum est
    
  • (ambiguous) we start by presupposing that..: positum est a nobis primum (c. Acc. c. Inf.)
    
  • (ambiguous) to occupy a very high position in the state: in altissimo dignitatis gradu collocatum, locatum, positum esse