tireとは意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From Middle English tiren, tirien, teorien, from 古期英語 tȳrian, tēorian (“to fail, cease, become weary, be tired, exhausted; tire, weary, exhaust”), of uncertain origin. Possibly from Proto-West Germanic *teuʀōn (“to cease”), which is possibly from Proto-Indo-European *dewH- (“to fail, be behind, lag”). Compare Ancient Greek δεύομαι (deúomai, “to lack”), Sanskrit दोष (dóṣa, “crime, fault, vice, deficiency”).^[1]

別の表記

• tyre (dialectal)

動詞

tire (三人称単数 現在形 tires, 現在分詞 tiring, 過去形および過去分詞形 tired)

1. (intransitive) To become sleepy or weary.
   • 2012 September 7, Phil McNulty, “Moldova 0-5 England”, in BBC Sport‎^[1]:

     As Moldova understandably tired after a night of ball chasing, Everton left-back Baines scored his first international goal as his deflected free-kick totally wrong-footed Namasco.

2. (transitive) To make sleepy or weary.

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:tire

3. (intransitive) To become bored or impatient (with).

   I tire of this book.

5. (transitive) To bore.

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:cause boredom

関連する語

• tiresome

参照

語源 2

From Middle English tire (“equipment”) aphetic form of attire. See German zieren (“to decorate”).

別の表記

• (rubber covering on a wheel): tyre

名詞

tire (複数形 tires)

1. (obsolete) Accoutrements, accessories.
   • 1705, John Philips, Blenheim

     the tire of war

2. (obsolete) Dress, clothes, attire.
   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Qveene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for VVilliam Ponsonbie, OCLC 960102938, book I, canto vii:

     Ne spared they to strip her naked all. / Then when they had despoild her tire and call, / Such as she was, their eyes might her behold.

   • 1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Printed by John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, OCLC 54573970:

     , New York Review of Books 2001, p.66:

     men like apes follow the fashions in tires, gestures, actions: if the king laugh, all laugh […].

3. A covering for the head; a headdress.
   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Qveene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for VVilliam Ponsonbie, OCLC 960102938, book I, canto x, page 144:

     And on her head she wore a tyre of gold,

4. (米国用法 spelling) Metal rim of a wheel, especially that of a railroad locomotive.
5. (米国用法 spelling, カナダ用法 spelling) The rubber covering on a wheel; a tyre.
6. A child's apron covering the upper part of the body, and tied with tape or cord; a pinafore. Also tier.

使用する際の注意点

• Tire is one of the few words where Canadian usage prefers the US spelling over the British spelling.

派生語

動詞

tire (三人称単数 現在形 tires, 現在分詞 tiring, 過去形および過去分詞形 tired)

1. (transitive, obsolete) To dress or adorn.
   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, 2 Kings 9:30:

     [Jezebel] painted her face, and tired her head.

関連する語

• tiring-house

語源 3

From Middle English tire, from Old French tirer (“to draw または pull”), akin to English tear (“to rend”).

別の表記

• tyre

動詞

tire (三人称単数 現在形 tires, 現在分詞 tiring, 過去形および過去分詞形 tired)

1. (obsolete) To seize, pull, and tear prey, as a hawk does.
   • 1593, [William Shakespeare], Venus and Adonis, London: […] Richard Field, […], OCLC 837166078; Shakespeare’s Venus & Adonis: […], 4th edition, London: J[oseph] M[alaby] Dent and Co. […], 1896, OCLC 19803734:

     Even as an empty eagle, sharp by fast, / Tires with her beak on feathers, flesh, and bone.

   • 1611 April (first recorded performance), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Cymbeline”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act III, scene iv], line 94–97:

     I grieve myself / To think, when thou shalt be disedged by her / That now thou tirest on, how thy memory / Will then be pang'd by me.

   • 1612–1613, Nathan Field; John Fletcher; Philip Massinger, “The Honest Mans Fortune”, in Comedies and Tragedies […], London: […] Humphrey Robinson, […], and for Humphrey Moseley […], published 1647, OCLC 3083972, Act II, scene v:

     Ye dregs of baseness, vultures amongst men, / That tire upon the hearts of generous spirits.

2. (obsolete) To seize, rend, or tear something as prey; to be fixed upon, or engaged with, anything.
   • c. 1587–1588, [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], part 1, 2nd edition, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, OCLC 932920499; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire; London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act II, scene vii:

     and now doth gaſtly death
     With greedie talients gripe my bleeding hart,
     And like a Harpye tires on my life.

   • 1616, George Chapman, Iliad

     Thus made she her remove, / And left wrath tyring on her son.

   • c. 1605–1608, William Shakespeare, “The Life of Tymon of Athens”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, (please specify the act number in uppercase Roman numerals, かつ the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals):

     Upon that were my thoughts tiring.

名詞

tire (複数形 tires)

1. A tier, row, or rank.
   • 1667, John Milton, “Book VI”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […], OCLC 228722708; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, OCLC 230729554:

     In posture to displode their second tire / Of thunder.